应用松井秀治和扎齐奥尔斯基模型所测人体环节质心、重心参数的误差比较研究

采用摄像与录像解析的方法,对原地直体、后体、前屈体动作分别使用松井秀治模型参数和扎齐奥尔斯基模型参数测量分析人体各个环节质心和人体重心坐标值及速度,然后比较分析两种模型测量结果,为评价两种人体模型的差异提供依据,使模型的运用更科学、准确,并对测量的误差给出准确、客观的评价。     

The Skills of Practical Writing for Tour Guide(Ⅱ)--Points for Attention

Totranslatetravelcommentary,manyplacesshould bepaidattention.Howevertherearethreekeypointsthat atourguideshouldgivemoreattentionto.Theyarethe interpretationofthesourcelanguage,structureofthe targetlanguageandchoiceoftherightword.Thefollowing isadiscussionaboutthesepointsforattention. i.Interpretationofthesourcelanguage Intranslating,understandingtotheoriginaltextisthe firststep.Differentunderstandingmakesdifferent translation.Itisthepre-conditiontomakeagoodversion. Therefore,readingtheorigin…     

The Beautiful and the Ugly: Reading Ability Modulates Word Spacing Effects in Chinese Children

There are no salient word spaces in Mandarin Chinese. Thus, it is unclear whether word spacing information differentially affects the reading speed of children with and without reading difficulties (RD). In the present study, native Chinese-speaking children of differential reading abilities were tested with Chinese text in un-spaced versus spaced versions at different time points during training. The results indicated that spaced texts slow down reading speeds in children without RD. In contrast, spaced texts improved reading speeds in children with reading difficulties after some training took place. These findings suggest that the effect of word spacing information on Chinese reading might vary as a function of individual differences in reading abilities. We argue that children with RD can accommodate to the spaced text better than children without RD and that they can take advantage of using bottom-up spacing information to segment and recognize words in text.     

黄河下游悬河段地下水资源计算及开发潜力分析

黄河水资源是沿黄地区经济和社会发展的重要制约因素.由于黄河在其下游河段(花园口-人海口)河床淤积而形成地上悬河,黄河水侧渗补给已成为该地区地下水的重要补给源.黄河下游悬河段地下水系统面积为29 313km2,赋存着潜水、微承压水(浅层含水层系统)和承压水(深层含水层系统).含水层垂直向上概化为3层:浅层潜水和微承压含水层组、深层承压含水层组及两含水层之间20m～30m厚的弱透水层.计算域边界除梁山一长清一带、徒骇河上游及郑州西南侧为补给边界,其余均为排泄边界.在建立水文地质概念模型的基础上,构建三维地下水流模拟模型,应用FEFLOW有限元软件求解.运用识别和验证后的模型计算了不同保证率年份地下水补给量和可开采资源量.研究区50%和75%降水保证率年份地下水补给资源量分别为62.51×108 m3和54.88×108 m3,可开采资源量为44.82×108 m3和39.20×108m3.将研究区分成18个子区进行地下水开采潜力评价,其中12个区尚有开采潜力,1个区采补基本平衡,5个区开采潜力不足.     

Automatic extraction of bilingual word pairs using inductive chain learning in various languages

In this paper, we propose a new learning method for extracting bilingual word pairs from parallel corpora in various languages. In cross-language information retrieval, the system must deal with various languages. Therefore, automatic extraction of bilingual word pairs from parallel corpora with various languages is important. However, previous works based on statistical methods are insufficient because of the sparse data problem. Our learning method automatically acquires rules, which are effective to solve the sparse data problem, only from parallel corpora without any prior preparation of a bilingual resource (e.g., a bilingual dictionary, a machine translation system). We call this learning method Inductive Chain Learning (ICL). Moreover, the system using ICL can extract bilingual word pairs even from bilingual sentence pairs for which the grammatical structures of the source language differ from the grammatical structures of the target language because the acquired rules have the information to cope with the different word orders of source language and target language in local parts of bilingual sentence pairs. Evaluation experiments demonstrated that the recalls of systems based on several statistical approaches were improved through the use of ICL.     

《诗经》《楚辞》连绵词考论

文章对《诗经》《楚辞》中的连绵词做了全面考察和统计,对其中有些连绵词的意义差异、形成同源的状况以及字形变化等情况进行了评论。     

人类学差异对中西视阈及语序的影响

中西空间范畴语序的差异,反映了中西初民对于空间感知过程的认知生理和心理差异。在中西空间范畴语序差异的表象之下,有多种多样的理据,但在这些理据当中,体质人类学因素是先验的、核心而刚性的理据,而文化因素则是后成的、柔性的、非本质的理据。体质人类学层面上的差异直接导致不同的空间感知,最终形成不同的空间范畴词汇语序语言认知模式。忽视了体质人类学理据这个根源的重要性,就无法看透空间范畴词汇语序差异表象之本质。     

“折桂”的典源与用典形式

“折桂”是古代诗文中使用频率很高、用典形式多样的典故之一。该典故出自《晋书·郐诜传》。由“折桂”典故滋生的典故词语数量巨大,超过其他所有典故。“折桂”典故用典形式的多样化与多种因素有关。探究典故的典源及其用典形式,对于全面了解汉语新词新义产生的途径大有裨益。     

浅析师范生如何进行小学识字教学

识字是阅读写作的基础,贯穿于小学语文教学的全过程。如何教给学生识字方法,并在识写过程中培养学生"主动识字的愿望"和"主动识字的习惯",使学生能做到爱学、乐学、轻松学,除养成良好的识字习惯外,还必须掌握"活"的识记方法,使学生具有较强的独立识字能力。因此,师范生可从字音、字形、字义三个方面探索、应用小学识字教学的方法。     

近10年来图书馆参考咨询服务发展之主题分析:结构与趋势

选择CNKI数据库为数据源,对其中2000-2009年的关于参考咨询方面的3453篇文章,运用词频分析法,对近十年来参考咨询研究主题的规模和增长态势、高频关键词、新增关键词和主要研究内容发展变化情况等进行科学计量分析,揭示国内对参考咨询研究主题的结构、发展趋势以及存在的问题.