冷水游泳和电击两种不同应激因素对小鼠学习记忆的影响

采用冷水游泳和电击对小鼠进行刺激，15天后，用Y-迷宫进行记忆检测并记录分析。结果表明冷水游泳组学习记忆能力有所提高，而电击组学习记忆能力有所衰退。两种应激形式对小鼠的学习记忆产生了相反的结果，说明了强烈刺激或不适宜刺激可损害小鼠的学习记忆，而只有适宜的应激刺激才有助于提高小鼠的学习记忆。     

教师体态语对课堂的良性刺激

在现代课堂的陪读模式下,教师应该了争和掌握运用体态语调节课堂气氛和推进教学程序的方法和技巧.     

民办高职学生语文学习动机的激发和培养

民办高职所招学生的语文基础非常薄弱,自信心不足,学习积极性也不高,这一现状表明学生在语文学习方面尚未形成正确的学习动机。以广州南洋理工职业学院为例,从介绍语文学科的基本结构和基本方法入手,遵循以生为本,以鼓励为主的教学原则,通过开展丰富的师生互动的活动和建立能体现学生专业特色的考核系统,来激发和培养民办高职生的语文学习动机。     

会跳舞的彩色笔--论小学美术课中的学与玩

在提倡快乐美术教学的今天,激发学生的美术兴趣是教师的首要任务,兴趣与学生学习的态度是息息相关的。倘若能够抓住、激发学生的兴趣,那么对于学生的学习状态也会有着天翻地覆的变化,因此教师需要考虑如何着手激发培养学生学习兴趣这一特点。美术教学中,教师优秀的范画、赞美的语言以及适当的鼓励对于学生来说都可以激发学习美术的兴趣,让他们在课堂中学习并且快乐着。     

Inequities and lack of professionalisation of early childhood development practice hinder opportunities for mathematics stimulation and realisation of South African policy on quality education for all

White Paper 5's aim is to provide South Africa's children with a solid foundation for lifelong learning and development. Children need to be nurtured and developed holistically for them to participate efficiently in their democratic society. However, South African students continue to perform poorly in Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study compared to other African countries. Contributing factors highlighted by research on this poor performance include students' lack of foundational knowledge. Hence, mathematics stimulation for young children has been suggested as a prompt intervention towards improving mathematics performance. This paper therefore evaluates the preparedness of practitioners who work with 3–4-year-olds as resources for facilitating mathematics stimulation, availability of mathematics stimulating resources and daily planning for mathematics stimulation. The findings of this paper indicate that mathematics development of children younger than five years is loaded with many inequity factors and continue to exclude the majority of black children. This paper recommends professionalisation of the early childhood education with emphasis on quality provisioning that can be achieved through norms and standards that are monitored continuously in all formal and informal settings that provide early childhood education.     

Optimizing the use of ultrasound to deliver chemotherapeutic agents to cancer cells from polymeric micelles

In this study, we present an artificial neural network (ANN) model that attempts to predict the dynamic release of doxorubicin (Dox) from P105 micelles under different ultrasonic power densities at 20 kHz. The goal is to utilize the developed ANN model in optimizing the ultrasound application to achieve a target drug release at the tumor site by controlling power density and ultrasound duration via an ANN-based model predictive control. The parameters of the controller are then tuned to achieve good reference signal tracking.     

独立，孩子成长的必由之路

争取独立是孩子发展的本性,然而其趋向独立仍然需要成人的帮助。最好的帮助不是凡事代劳,更不是像仆人一样凡事服侍孩子。     

农村小学教师队伍存在的问题及解决对策

农村小学教师队伍的状况和农村地区基础教育的质量息息相关,直接影响到城乡教育水平之间的差距。本文从分析农村小学教师队伍存在的问题入手,有针对性地提出了缓解农村小学教师人员不足、提高农村小学教师的教学专业水平、改善当前缺少激励因素的管理模式的对策。     

Neuromuscular fatigue induced by an isotonic heavy-resistance loading protocol in knee extensors

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to assess neuromuscular fatigue during a typical high-load, low-repetition loading protocol. Muscle stimulations were used to assess maximum voluntary contraction, resting single- and double-pulse twitch characteristics, and superimposed double-pulse twitch force (used to calculate voluntary activation) before and after an acute knee extension loading protocol. In our participants, who had previous resistance training experience, the mean voluntary activation level was 96.2% in an unfatigued state. Maximum voluntary contraction (?11.8%), resting double-pulse twitch force (?10.6%), and voluntary activation (?2.1%) were markedly decreased as a consequence of loading (P < 0.05). In addition, although potentiated twitch characteristics were observed during the loading protocol, this was short-lived, as fatigue surpassed the potentiation mechanisms. Our results show that both central and peripheral mechanisms contributed to neuromuscular fatigue during the present loading protocol.     

振动力量训练对跨栏跑运动员髋关节肌力变化影响的实验研究

运用对比实验方法,采用JETVIBE(ETS-900N模式)振动训练台,对首都体育学院跨栏跑专项二级运动员进行振动刺激力量训练,振动频率为25～40Hz。经过8周系统的力量训练,在60°/s和300°/s测试条件下,利用ISOMED2000等速测试训练仪器分别对2组受试者髋关节屈伸肌群进行等速力量测试。研究结果:实验后,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组受试者髋关节屈伸肌群相对峰值力矩、总功都有显著性提高(P<0.05),最大做功有非常显著性提高;组间比较,Ⅱ组受试者髋关节屈伸肌群相对峰值力矩、最大功和总功的增长率均高于Ⅰ组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。研究结论:在传统力量训练中附加振动刺激,能更有效地达到提高髋关节力量训练的目的;振动刺激能更好地提高髋关节的最大力量和耐力水平;振动力量训练在前4周使髋关节屈伸肌群肌力保持相同的速度增长,而后4周髋关节伸肌肌群肌力的增长速度明显高于屈肌肌群肌力增长速度。