西藏高原植物区系中特有属的研究

The Xizang (Tibetan) flora with numerous endemics is of importance in Chi- nese flora.   According to recent statistics there are in Xizang 27 genera of  spermatophytes endemic to China, being only 2.25% percent of the total number of genera in the Xizang flora. Four of them are regarded as palaeoendemics (14.81%) and the others as neoendemics (85.19%). These endemic genera, of 30 species and 3 varieties, belong to 17 families, of which, Umbelli- ferae contains 6 genera, 7 species and 3 varieties; Compositae has 6 genera and 7 species, and Gentianaceae 1 genus and 2 species.  All the other families each comprises one genus with a single species.       The cosmopolitan families together comprising 14 genera with 15 species have the highest perecentage (52.92%) and the tropical ones (5 families, 5 genera with 5 species) come to the next (29.42%), followed by the temperate ones (3 families, 10 genera with 10 species) (17.66%). It shows that these endemic genera are obviously related to the tropical flora and temperate one in essence.        According to the number of species, the genera endemic to China and occurring in Xi- zang flora may be grouped as fallows. Monotypic endemic ones 14 (51.85%) Ditypic endemic ones 6 (22.22%) Oligotypic endemic ones 4 (14.81%) Small endemic ones 3 (11.11%)        The formation of the endemic genera is correlated with the topography, climate and en- vironmental conditions, and they may have resulted from the diversification in geography and climatic influence for a long time.  The southeastern part of Xizang Plateau is of very diverse ecological conditions, with the adequate precipitation, which may explain the concentration of these endemic genera in this region.        The largest similarity coefficient (38.30%) of the genera endemic to China and occurring in Xizang is with those in Qinghai Plateau, next, with those in Yunnan and in Sichuan pro- vinces (both 27.60%), which shows that these endemic genera are related to the floras of the regions mentioned above.        The difference in the horizontal distribution of these endemic genera is obviously between the southern and northern parts of Xizang Plateau.  The vertical distribution of the genera is also rather obvious, from 800 m to 5200 m above sea level, but concentrated in the zone of 3000 m to 4500 mm.  Therefore their occurrence in Xizang is not only affected by the historical environmental conditions but also controlled by the horizontal and vertical distribution.      The origin and evolution of some endemic genera, such as Psammosilene, Parateropyrum, Sphaerotylos, Salweenia, Ajaniopsis, Xizangia, Sinoleontopodium, are discussed in this paper.      Parateropyrum, a monotypic palaeotropic endemic, belongs to the tribe Atraphaxideae in- cluding Atraphaxis, Calligonum and Pteropyrum.  It may be a comparatively advanced group in the tribe, and is closely related to the genus Pteropyrum  which is  distributed in western Asia.  The genus Parapteropyrum has possibly survived as a palaetropic-tertiary  relic in this region.      Sphaerotylos, a member of the subtribe Sphaerotylinae, the tribe Boehmerieae in the family Urticaceae, is a comparatively primitive genus in the tribe Boehmerieae so far known.  As the other subtribes, such as Boehmerinae, Sarconchlamydinae, Orecnidinae and Maoutinae, are dis- tributed in the tropics, rarely in the subtropics, the genus is no doubt a palaetropic -tertiary relic.      Sinoleontopodium, belonging to the tribe lnuleae in Compositae, is also related to the ge- nus Leontopodium.  It is probable that the genus Sinoleontopodium arised later than the other.       We come to the conclusion that the southern part of Xizang Plateau is also one of thecentres of the origin and differentiation of genera endemic to China.     

中国虎耳草属的研究

本文提出了一个中国虎耳草属系统，确认我国有2亚属，8组，7亚组(包括1新亚组)，31系(包括23新系)，4亚系(新亚系)和203种(包括2新种和4新变种)。     

变异铁角蕨和其混淆种的正误研究

The present paper aims at clarifying the identity of Asplenium varians Wall. and its related species for the forthcoming Flora of China vol. 4. Wide-spread in the northern, north-western and south-western parts of China and adjacent regions and growing in exposed rock crevices is the group of ferns in question, which has hi- therto been taxonomically confused in the botanical literature.  Many distinct and related species were previously identified as Aspl. varians, a most wide-spread fern with very variable fronds which may vary from 10 to 30 cm in height and from simply pinnate to fully bipinnate in the degree of pinnation in a single clump under different habitats.     

菜蝽属(Eurydema)昆虫种类、分布及寄主概述

本文介绍了目前国内已经研究发现的菜蝽属昆虫的种类、分布及其寄主植物.资料显示,我国分布有菜蝽属昆虫13种,内蒙古地区分布4种.     

三种结缕草试管繁殖研究

以结缕草属的马尼拉草、结缕草和中华结缕草进行了试管繁殖的研究.以马尼拉草匍匐茎为外植体,通过芽直接增殖和愈伤组织分化途径形成了2个试管无性系;从结缕草和中华结缕草的实生苗中也筛选出了若干个试管无性系.嫩极丛在1/2MS培养基添加IBA或 NAA0.5 mg/L、IBA0.25mg/L+NAAO.25mg/L上生根,经38 d培养,马尼拉草生根率为100％,结缕草为88％～90％.移栽成活率马尼拉草在95％以上,结缕草高于90％.试管草移栽后生长旺盛。     

论客观自然的稳定性与思维逻辑化过程的统一

思维的逻辑化进程与自然结构的稳定性是一个平行过程,这个过程在人与自然的实践中逐渐发展起来,并决定了在自然科学研究中凸显的客观性具有属人性质,其构成的知识也即如此。