水资源短缺正改变中国干旱地区用水观念

新华网报道“节水能卖钱”是近年来发生在中国西部干旱地区的新鲜事，日益严重的水资源危机正促使这些地区用水观念的改变，“节水”正成为一种共识。     

Method of Distinguishing Hydrologic Drought for Water Supply System

Drought, along with flood, earthquake and vol- cano, is a recurring natural disaster event in many parts of the world, with severe social, economic and environmental impacts. The onset and the termination of drought are not very clear, making the drought event difficult to distinguish[1]. Some of these situa- tions also lead to the absence of a clear definition of the drought[2,3]. Objectives of the present paper are to investigate the problem of drought identification under adjusted runoff us…     

沙漠藏有深层“地下河”引发西部干旱地区用水革命

位于西北阿拉善高原上的巴丹吉林沙漠是我国极为干旱的地区之一。或许，谁都无法把这片干燥荒芜的土地与浩荡润泽的水资源联系起来。然而，河海大学、中国科学院地质与地球物理所、澳大利亚昆士兰大学等机构的研究人员却在同位素的指引下，从它脚下的万米深处发现了一条“地下河”。保守估计，     

镇原北部地区农村水资源利用调查报告

水资源是人类生产生活的基本资源之一.水资源问题与全球性环境问题,粮食问题,资源问题密切相关.我国水资源量仅为世界人均水平的1/4.农村特别是半干旱地区和干旱地区人畜饮水十分困难,严重影响农村农业生产的发展规模和广大农业人口的生活和健康.我国水资源和水利工程的利用效率极低,绝大多数人的水资源意识淡薄.     

Changing Forestry Policy by Integrating Water Aspects into Forest/Vegetation Restoration in Dryland Areas in China

Restoration forestry (forest rehabilitation) or re-vegetation is one effective measure to solve environmental problems, notably soil erosion. It may be further stimulated by the Clean Development Mechanism for carbon sequestration. However, there is an intensive and on-going debate about the adverse effects arising from afforestation in dryland areas, such as soil drying up which may cause further damage to the success of forest restoration, and the water yield reduction from watershed which may harm the regional development. On other hand, some preliminary studies showed a possibility that these adverse effects may be diminished more or less by properly designing the system structure and spatial distribution of forest/vegetation in a watershed. However, it is urgent to develop an evidence-based and sustainable new forestry policy for harmonizing forest-water interrelation. As a leading country in afforestation, China is beginning to develop a more trans-disciplinary and cross-sectoral forestry policy for harmonizing forestry development with water management. The main points of the changing new forestry policy should include: (1) Establishing a regional development strategy focusing on harmonized forest-water relations; (2) Taking forest-water interactions as an important part of evaluation; (3) Reducing the ’eco-water’ quota of forests through technical advancement; (4) Developing and extending water-adaptive forest management practices; (5) Strengthening forest ecohydrological research and decision support ability.     

荒漠“英雄树”——胡杨

<正> 胡杨主要分布于中国、蒙古和地中海沿岸等20多个国家的干旱地区。全世界胡杨林的61%在中国,而中国的胡杨林有89%在塔里木河畔,达3.52×10~5ha。塔里木河畔生长的原始胡杨林,其面积之大,分布之密,存活率之高,堪称世界之最。沿塔里木河漂流,1000多公里长的河畔尽是胡杨林。沿塔里木沙漠公路横穿塔克拉玛干沙漠,从轮台到民丰的500多公里路上也都可以看到成片的胡杨林,然而分布最集中的还是塔里木河的古河床和新河道两侧。维吾尔语称胡杨为“托克拉克”,意为“最美丽的树”。由于它具有惊人的抗干旱、御风沙、耐盐碱的能力,能顽强地生存繁衍于沙漠之中,因而被人们赞誉     

把冰山搬到干旱地区

水是生命之源．但它在地球上的分布极不均匀。许多地方（比如沙漠）水源缺乏．因而一毛不长．无人生息：而地球上的淡水有4／5冰冻在南极和北极的冰冠之中。冰冠积冰的压力很大．所以沿着冰冠的边缘．     

甘肃中部干旱地区幼儿园环保教育初探

甘肃地处我国西北内陆，居黄河中上游，气候类型多样，自然条件差异很大。长期以来，由于人类活动的强度超出了当地生态环境承载能力，导致人口、资源、环境、发展之间的关系严重失衡。以定西为代表的甘肃中部地区，水资源极度短缺，气候干燥，干旱显著。因此，在以定西为代表的甘肃中部干旱地区实施环保教育具有特别重要的意义。“环境保护，教育为本”。幼儿期的教育更是重中之重。而且，幼儿环保意识增强．