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姜红 《中学化学教学参考》2006,(5):37-38
我们生活的环境中存在大量的有害微生物,它们能通过多种途径传染给人体,危害人类的健康。由于长期以来人们对环境消毒的淡漠,各种传染病一旦发生,就会迅速蔓延开来。近年来,非典型性肺炎、禽流感等几乎在全国引起恐慌,也引起了人们对消毒知识的广泛关注。消毒的方法分为物理消毒、化学消毒和生物消毒。其中化学消毒方法的运用简单灵活,处理面积大,有其不可替代的优越性。现在市场上各种化学消毒剂很多,质量也良莠不齐,了解化学消毒剂的一些常识很有必要。 相似文献
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对二氧化氯作为新型水消毒剂在水处理中的应用进行了机理分析,表明二氧化氯作为氯的替代消毒剂,在消毒能力、控制三卤甲烷、去除铁和锰以及消除味嗅等方面均优于氯,对保证处理出水的安全性有良好的作用。 相似文献
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甲醛.又称蚁醛.是一种最简单、最常见的醛类物质。甲醛相对密度为1.06,易溶于水,沸点为~21℃.常温多以无色气体状态存在.具有强烈的刺激性气味。浓度为35%~40%的甲醛水溶液俗称福尔马林.是常用的组织防腐剂和消毒剂.属于强毒性物质.其对人体的危害主要有刺激作用、毒性作用和致癌作用三个方面。近年来。对其检测方法多种多样,现就部分方法做一综述。 相似文献
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ClO2作为一种高效强氧化剂已被联合国世界卫生组织(WHO)列为AI级安全消毒剂,具有消毒、杀菌、防腐、除臭、保鲜、漂白等多种功能.新课程3种版本教材都给予了高度关注. 相似文献
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The efficiency of chlorine and chloramines disinfection on biofilm development in a simulated drinking water distribution system was investigated by using heterotrophic bacterial spread plate technique. The experiments were carried out with four annular reactors (ARs) with stainless steel (SS) or copper (Cu) material slides. The results showed that there were fewer bacteria attached to Cu slides without a disinfectant compared with those attached to SS slides. When the water was disinfected with chloramines, the heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs) on the biofilm attached to the Cu slides were significantly lower (by 3.46 log CFU/cm^2) than those attached to the SS slides. Likewise, the biofilm HPC numbers on the Cu slides were slightly lower (by 1.19 log CFU/cm^2) than those on the SS slides disinfected with chlorine. In a quasi-steady state, the HPC levels on Cu slides can be reduced to 3.0 log CFU/cm^2 with chlorine and to about 0.9 log CFU/cm^2 with chloramines. The addition of chloramines resulted in a more efficient reduction of biofilm heterotrophic bacteria than did chlorine. We concluded that the chlorine and chloramines levels usually employed in water distribution system were not sufficient to prevent the growth and development of microbial biofilm. The combination of copper pipe slides and chloramines as the disinfectant was the most efficient combination to bring about diminished bacterial levels. 相似文献
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陈建红 《第二课堂(小学)》2009,(10)
消毒剂是指能迅速杀灭病原微生物的药物。消毒剂的种类很多,它们杀菌的机理有所不同,有的能使病原体蛋白变坏,发生沉淀;有的和病原体酶系统结合,影响菌体代谢; 相似文献
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全民抗疫让我们深深体会到:疫病应对中的舆论监督,是像口罩、防护服一样珍贵的消毒剂!2月1日,《财新》推出封面报道《新冠病毒何以至此》,洋洋四万字,信息立体,追根溯源,涉及疫情变化、医疗救治、官方政策、科研进展、公众生活诸多方面,可以说是这场新冠病毒疫情报道的集大成!印证了一句并不过时的话:关键时刻,深度报道还得看专业杂志! 相似文献