镁铝水滑石固载重铬酸钾液相活化氧气氧化醇

采用共沉淀法制得镁铝水滑石固载K2Cr2O7催化剂HT-Cr2O72-,将该催化剂在温和条件下,以分子氧为氧化剂用于催化醇的液相氧化反应,并以2-吡啶甲醇的氧化反应为模型探讨了温度、溶剂、催化剂量等条件对反应的影响。结果表明,使用苯、三氟甲苯等溶剂更有利于反应进行,2-吡啶甲醇转化率随着温度上升明显提高,该催化剂可以在温和条件下实现醇类化合物的高选择性氧化转化;和其他固体催化剂用于液相醇氧化相比,该催化剂具有更高的活性转化数(TON)。     

Development and evaluation of immunoassay for zeranol in bovine urine

A high affinity polyclonal antibody-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was developed for the quantification of zeranol in bovine urine. On the basis of urine matrix studies, the optimized dilution factors producing insignificant matrix interference were selected as 1：5 in pretreatment. In the improved ELISA, the linear response range was between 0.02 and 1 μg/ml, and the detection limit was 0.02 μg/ml for the assay. The overall recoveries and the coefficients of variation （CVs） were in the range of 82%-127% and 3.5%-8.8%, respectively. Thirty-six bovine urine samples spiked with zeranol （ranging from 0.2 to 10 μg/ml） were detected by the ELISA and liquid chromatography （LC） method, and good correlations were obtained between the two methods （R^2=0.9643）. We conclude that this improved ELISA is suitable tool for a mass zeranol screening and can be an altemative for the conventional LC method for zeranol in bovine urine.     

生姜醇提物对糖尿病小鼠肾损害保护作用的研究

目的：探讨生姜醇提物对糖尿病小鼠肾损害的保护作用。方法：将30只KM种雄性小鼠随机分为三组,正常对照组（C组,n=10）、模型组（DM组,n=10）及生姜醇提物干预组（ZGB组,n=10）。DM组及ZGB组小鼠尾静脉注射2％四氧嘧啶（90mg／kg）建立糖尿病肾损害模型。造模成功后,ZGB组给予生姜醇提物溶液0．5mL（300mg／kg·d）灌胃14d,DM组及C组给予生理盐水灌胃。14d后小鼠断头取血,测定血糖、血清肌酐、尿素氮含量,检测肾组织丙二醛（MDA）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力的变化,光镜下观察肾组织病理学改变。结果：与DM组比较,ZGB组血糖、血肌酐及尿素氮水平明显低于DM组（P〈0．01）;肾组织MDA含量明显低于DM组（P〈0．01）,而T—SOD活力则较DM组升高（P〈0．01）。光镜下ZGB组肾脏组织形态学的异常改变较模型组减轻。结论：生姜醇提物对糖尿病小鼠的肾损害有一定的保护作用。     

Effect of rich air/fuel ratio and temperature on NO x desorption of lean NO x trap

An experimental and model-based study of the effect of rich air/fuel ratios （AFRs） and temperature on the NOx slip of a lean NOx trap （LNT） was conducted in a lean-burn gasoline engine with an LNT after-treatment system. The emissions of the engine test bench and the inlet temperature of the LNT were used as the major inlet boundary conditions of the LNT. The engine periodically operated between a constant lean AFR of 23 with alterable rich AFRs of 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14. A decrease in the rich AFR of the engine strengthened the desorption atmosphere in the LNT, an effect closely related to the number of reductants, and further heightened the NOx desorption of the LNT, but with a penalty in fuel consumption. To eliminate that penalty, the inlet boundary conditions of the LNT were varied by adjusting the inlet temperature within a range between 200 ℃ and 400℃. An increase in inlet temperature heightened the NOx desorption of the LNT, and a NOx breakthrough occurred after the inlet tem- perature exceeded 390 ℃. To control NOx breakthrough, the inlet temperature can be adjusted to offset the strong desorption atmosphere in the LNT commonly created by a rich AFR.     

地沟油完全可以化害为利

地沟油的害处不在取之"地沟",而在于这些多次油炸、使用过的油,在氧化过程中会产生醛、酮、过氧化物等对人体有害的物质。地沟油中的主要致癌物是黄曲霉索,其毒性相当于等量氰化钾的10倍,砒霜的68倍。地沟油肯定不能给人吃,但它是很好的工业用油。即便     

直葶石豆兰化学成分的研究

直葶石豆兰（Bulbophyllum suavissimum Rolfe）全草用乙醇浸提,浓缩液依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯萃取,氯仿和乙酸乙酯部分通过反复的柱层析、薄层层析等色谱方法分离得到6个化合物,其中的3个波谱鉴定为β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol）、24,24-二甲基-环木菠萝烷-3-醇（cycloneolitsol）和芦丁（rutin）。化合物cycloneolitsol、rutin为首次从石豆兰属植物中分离得到,这三种化合物为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

Promising New Catalyst for Activation and Conversion of Methane Developed at DICP

<正>With the large reserves of natural gas around the world,such as shale gas,methane hydrate,and biogas,research on how to utilize these alternative fuels has grown considerably.Current industrialscale processes for the conversion of natural gases to useful chemical feedstocks,which involves the conversion to syngas intermediates,are complex,inefficient and costly,and they generate large quantities of CO2 and coke byproducts.The efficient conversion of these natural gas fuels will require a process wherein the C-H bond of methane is activated,and the methane is selectively converted to useful chemical products while minimizing depth dehydrogenation and overoxidation.Many methods have been developed for the activation and conversion of methane with varying degrees of success,but thus far,none has been viable as     

刍议固井水泥车中的液压传动技术

固井作业在油田勘探中是必不可少的,而固井水泥车又是固井作业中一项重要的工具。固井是比较复杂的一门有着特殊要求的技术,固井水泥车是固井设备中的关键工具,固井水泥车的性能直接可以影响到作业完成的质量。本文通过固井作业与固井水泥车概述、固井水泥车中的液压传动技术应用分析两大方面论述了固井水泥车中的液压传动技术应用实践。     

生物醇油在超稠油开发中的应用

在超稠油开发中,由于超稠油粘度非常高,必须要通过加温降低其粘度,使其达到能够自然流动的状态,才能实现管输或汽车运输。传统的燃料大都是用燃煤、柴油进行加温,本文通过对环保生物醇油在超稠油开发现场应用情况进行分析,探讨环保生物醇油取代其他燃料的可行性,为降低超稠油开发成本、减轻劳动强度提供了较好的参考依据。     

“地沟油”飞机能飞多久?

正2011年11月,一则"荷兰航空班机将‘喝’青岛地沟油"的新闻引爆各大媒体,吸引了公众眼球。该报道之所以如此引人关注,与此前国内风传的"地沟油上餐桌"不无关系。近年来,有关地沟油的新闻报道一次又一次触动着国人敏感的神经。有消息称,广东某地曾查获一个生产地沟油的小作坊,