Measurement of conversion efficiency of soft X-ray from 0.35μm laser-irradiated aluminum planar targets

Conversion efficiency of soft X-ray from 0.35 μm pulse laser-irradiated aluminium planar target at laser intensities 10¹³–10¹⁵ W/cm² on the Xingguang-II facility (laser energy 5–90 J, focal spot ⊃ Ф 200 μm full width of half maximun (FWHM) 400–800 ps) was measured. A simple model was given to explain soft X-ray conversion efficiency. In this model, because of the heat conduction from the laser-heated spot, the conversion was very small at lower irradiance limit, while at higher limit it was bounded by the energy lost in blow off plasma. Consequently, at the laser intensity around 2×10¹⁴ W/cm², the X-ray conversion efficiency reaches a maximum. Project suppoted by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Foundation (Grant No. T0104), and Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Education (Grant No. 214680)     

新型表面活性剂3-十二烷氧基-2-甲基丙酸钠的合成

通过增加皂类表面活性剂分子中亲水基的总数，可以提高其抗硬水性能，为此，在亲油基与羧基之间引入烷氧基，该研究以甲基丙烯酸和十二醇的主要原料，采用加成，酯化，取代，皂化四步法合成3-十二烷基-2-甲基丙酸纳，其中，杂多酸对酯化反应起到了催化和阻聚双重作用；相转移催化剂用于取代反应，简化了操作，缩短了反应时间，提高了产率。     

Physical design method of MPSoC

Floorplan, clock network and power plan are crucial steps in deep sub-micron system-on-chip design. A novel di- agonal floorplan is integrated to enhance the data sharing between different cores in system-on-chip. Custom clock network con- taining hand-adjusted buffers and variable routing rules is constructed to realize balanced synchronization. Effective power plan considering both IR drop and electromigration achieves high utilization and maintains power integrity in our MediaSoC. Using such methods, deep sub-micron design challenges are managed under a fast prototyping methodology, which greatly shortens the design cycle.     

农村盗电报警系统设计

介绍了一种农村盗电报警系统,共分两个部分:一是系统的硬件部分,包括8051单片机,ADC0809,8279芯片,显示器四个主要部分;二是系统的软件部分,主要介绍系统程序流程图.     

晏子赎越石甫

晏子之晋,至中牟,睹弊冠反裘负刍,息于涂（途）侧者,以为君子也,使人问焉曰：“子何为者也？”对曰：“我越石甫者也。”晏子曰“何为至此？”曰：“吾为人臣,仆于中牟,见使将归。”晏子曰：“何为为仆？”对曰：“不免冻饿之切吾身,是以为仆也。”晏子曰：“为仆几何？”对曰：“三年矣。”晏子曰：“可得赎乎？”对曰：“可。”遂解左骖以赠之,因载而与之俱归。     

便捷共振演示仪

在相关杂志上常看到一些介绍演示共振现象仪器的文章,其制作各有特点。笔者在借鉴这些仪器特点的基础上,自制了一个演示共振现象的演示仪,现介绍给读者,仅供参考。一、制作材料270mm×64mm的包装盒铁皮1块,100mm长     

“观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布”实验的改进

在人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书(必修)高中生物第一册中,"观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布"是一个新实验,实验要求学生把人的口腔上皮细胞制成临时装片,再用显微镜观察DNA和RNA在     

“我是收破烂的”

早上,孩子们正在区角中安静地活动,吕同安和王子聪却为了一个小小的塑料片争执起来。我仔细一看,原来是一个奶片包装塑料:"这破东西,有什么好抢的?这是垃圾,又没有什么用,把它扔到垃圾箱里。""老师,我是收破烂的,垃圾是有用的。"吕同安不     

铝原子间隔增大的实验设计

笔者利用学生生活中易得的材料,指导学生设计了一个有趣的小实验。通过实验及对现象的分析,不仅解决了无法观察的难题,加深了学生对知识的理解和记忆,而且激发了学生动手实践的兴趣,提高了他们的创造能力。     

貌似“感冒”的小儿“尿感”

刚刚1岁的西西莫名其妙地发起烧来,不仅小脸变得苍白无光,饭量也比以前小了,还不时地出现呕吐和腹泻症状。爸爸觉得他肯定是感冒了,赶忙从家庭药箱里拿出小儿退热片给他服下。一