阴山荠属的校订

The genus Yinshania was established by Ma Yu-chuan and Zhao Yi-zhi in 1979, when only one species, Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao, was discribed from Nei Monggol.  In the present paper the genus Yinshania is revised and four new species, two new varieties and four new combinetions are reported.  There are so far eight species and two varieties in total in this genus.      Important morphological characters of the genus are analysed, which shows that the lateral nectariferous glands positioned at lateral base of the brevistamens are triangularovoid; there are dense minute pustules on the surface of valves, which is easily neglected because the pustules disap- pear or shrinked when dry; simple or furcate hairs are present in the most species, seldom absent; the shape of pollen grains is relatively steady, elliptic or long-elliptic, with the polar view trifid- circular, the equatorial view elliptic or long elliptic, the aperture 3-colpate, exine reticular.      The type of genus Yinshania is changed.  Cochlearia acutangula O. E. Schulz was published in 1929, but Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao in 1979.  They are the same species and a new com- binetion, Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang, is made. Thus, the type of genus Yin- shania should be changed to Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang.      Besides, He Ye-qi 6121 (paratype, PE), which is different from Y. acutangula var. albif- lora, is separated from it and transferred the typical variety, Y. acutangula.      According to the characters of fruit shape the genus Yinshania is divided into two sections, namely, Sect.  Microcarpa and Sect. Yinshania, and then Sect. Yinshania is subdivided into two series.      Sect. 1. Microcarpa. Silicles widely ovoid or subglobose, 1-2.2 mm long, 0.8-2.2 mm wide, the ratio of length and width about 1.1.      Sect. 2. Yinshania. Silicles oblong, oblong-ovoid or long-lanceolate, ellipsoidal, 1.5-4.5 mm long, 0.3-1.5 mm wide, the ratio of length and width about 2.5-3.3.      Ser. 1. Henryanae. Raches flexuose; plants densely  hairy; leaves  3-5-foliolate,  seldom pinnatipartite or pinnatisect.      Ser. 2. Yinshania. Raches non flexuose; plants sparsely hairy; leaves pinnatisect or pinna- tipartite.      The genus Yinshania is a genus endemic to China, with their range from eastern Xizang to western Hubei from northern Guizhou to central Nei Monggol.  The taxa are mostly of a small area.  Sect. Microcarpa is concentrated in Sichuan and southern Gansu;  Sect.  Yinshania is spread from Xizang and Sichuan, nouthwards to Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei and Nei Mong- gol (Ser. Yinshania); and from Sichuan south-eastwards to Guizhou and Hebei (Ser. Henrya- nae).  There are five species in Sichuan.  The present paper conjectures that the distribution centre of the genus is in the Hengduan Mountains and its adjacent areas.     

中国羽枝藻属新资料

 One new species Coloniophora shanxiensis Y. J. Ling et S. L. Xie, is described,and one new record, C. spicata (Schmid.) Islam, is reported both from shanxi, China.     

中国假鹰爪属和皂帽花属植物叶的形态结构及其分类学意义

 利用扫描电镜技术、叶片离析法和石蜡切片法研究了假鹰爪属Desmos 4种植物和皂帽花属Dasy-maschalon 3种植物叶片的形态结构。结果表明：假鹰爪属植物叶片近轴面表皮具大型球状含晶簇细胞和不含晶簇的表皮细胞两种类型，远轴面表皮细胞均具一较小的晶簇；叶肉组织明显分化为栅栏组织细胞和海绵组织细胞，油细胞分布于第2层的栅栏组织和海绵组织内，单位毫米叶宽油细胞数为4～6个；主脉维管组织被薄壁细胞分隔成束状。皂帽花属植物叶片近轴面表皮细胞形状相同，均具一晶簇，远轴面表皮细胞的晶簇和近轴面表皮细胞的晶簇相似；靠近上、下表皮的叶肉组织均分化为栅栏组织细胞，在两层栅栏组织细胞之间分化为一至几层海绵组织细胞，油细胞分布于海绵组织内，单位毫米叶宽油细胞数为2～3个；主脉维管组织形成连续的环状。由此可见两属叶的结构具有明显的差异，因而支持假鹰爪属和皂帽花属为两个独立属的观点。     

薄鳞蕨属(中国蕨科)植物的孢子形态研究

对薄鳞蕨属5种3变种的孢子形态进行了光镜和扫描电镜观察。该属植物的孢子明显地分为两种类型：薄叶薄鳞蕨和杜氏薄鳞蕨的孢子为近球形，周壁为鸡冠状或拟网状纹饰；而华北薄鳞蕨、华西薄鳞蕨和绒毛薄鳞蕨的孢子为四面体状球形，周壁表面近光滑。第一种类型的孢子也存在于粉背蕨属，因此薄鳞蕨属和粉背蕨属的关系仍需进一步的研究。     

毛茛科金莲花族和升麻族细胞学的比较研究

对毛茛科金莲花族Trolliese和升麻族Cimicifugeae的细胞学进行了比较研究。发现驴蹄草Caltha palustris L．在云南西北部形成一个多倍体系列(2n=32，48，64)，四倍体细胞型(2n=4x=32)较为常见，其核型有明显的居群间变异。驴蹄草属Caltha、鸡爪草属Calathodes、Megaleranthis以及金莲花属Trollius的染色体在大小上基本相似，都属于中等大小的R-型染色体。细胞学和花粉学证据都支持鸡爪草属与Megaleranthis和金莲花属有较近的亲缘关系。铁破锣属Beesia、Anemonopsis、黄三七属Souliea、升麻属Cimicifuga以及类叶升麻属Actaea的核型彼此基本相似，在染色体大小和形态上都与驴蹄草属、鸡瓜草属、Megaleranthis以及金莲花属的核型明显有别。细胞学证据表明铁破锣属应是升麻族中的成员。     

沙参属10个种的染色体研究

 本文报道了我国黑龙江产桔梗科沙参属的10种1变种的染色体数目和核型，对其中     7种作了减数分裂行为的观察。  其中6种1变种为首次报道，并发现2n=68的4x种。该     属染色体基数多为17(x＝17)，但Adenophora trachelioides和A．remotiflora的基数为18     (x=18)，为该属独特基数。核型的共同特征是：小型，以中部(m)、近中部(sm)着丝点     染色体为主，至少具一对近端着丝点染色体和一对随体染色体。该属染色体的演化处于二种     水平：  数目变化(包括多倍化和非整倍体变化)和结构变异。  多倍化是该属物种形成的主要     途径之一。结合其它性状讨论了这些种的分类，并确立1个四倍体新种(A. amurica)和1个新组合(A．pereskiifolia ssp．alternifolia)。