上海硅酸盐研究所

中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所是一个从事新型无机非金属材料和材料科学研究的专业研究单位。其前身是中国科学院冶金陶瓷研究所硅酸盐研究室,1960年3月单独建所。现任所长郭景坤教授,中国科学院副院长、著名化学家严东生教授为名誉所长。该所现有10个研究室,4 个技术室及情报研究室,还有1个综合工厂和1个中试基地。其主要研究方向是解决新技术所需要的新型无机非金属材料,包括人工晶体、特种玻璃及非晶态     

反应等离子熔覆高铬铁基金属陶瓷增强耐磨涂层组织与性能

利用反应等离子熔覆技术、以Fe-Cr-C-W-Ni合金粉末为原料,在Q235钢表面制得了Cr7C3高铬铁基金属陶瓷增强耐磨复合涂层。利用SEM、EDS和X射线衍射分析了涂层的显微组织,在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性。结果表明:反应等离子熔覆Cr7C3高铬铁基金属陶瓷增强耐磨复合涂层硬度高、组织均匀、与基材之间为完全冶金结合;涂层在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下表现出优异的耐磨性,涂层磨损的质量损失随载荷增加十分缓慢,涂层具有优异的载荷特性。     

Tribology Performance and Adhesive Strength Evaluation of TiAlSiN Coating

Scratch test and friction test were performed to evaluate the internal and external interface behaviors of TiAlSiN coating, respectively. The critical compressive and shearing stress of coating failure during scratch test were calculated and the values are 30.84 MPa and 4.98 MPa respectively. The average friction coefficients of TiAlSiN coating against 2Cr12Ni4Mo3VNbN steel are 0.70 (sliding speed 50 m/min), 0.63 (sliding speed 100 m/min), and 0.81 (sliding speed 150 m/min). The elements diffusion was analyzed by EDS. Al and Si element of coating material diffuse to the steel disc, except Ti element. The oxidation decreases with the increase of sliding speed, but the adhesion increases with the increase of sliding speed. More Al element diffuses to the steel disc at the high sliding speed, but the diffusion of Si element keeps almost constant at different sliding speeds.     

Experimental and FEM Study of Coated and Uncoated Tools Used for Dry Milling of Compacted Graphite Cast Iron

Compacted graphite cast iron (CGI) has been the material for high-power diesel engines recently, but its increased strength causes poor machinability. In this study, coated and uncoated carbide tools were used in dry milling experiment and FEM simulation to study the machinability of CGI and wear behaviour of tools. The experimental and FEM simulation results show that coated tool has great advantage in dry milling of CGI. SEM and EDS analysis of tool wear indicate the wear morphology and wear mechanism. Adhesive wear is the main mechanism to cause un-coated tool wear, while abrasive wear and delamination wear are the main mechanism to cause coated tool wear. Stress and temperature distribution in FEM simulation help to understand the wear mechanism including the reason for coating peeled off.     

冷喷银涂层在多晶硅生产中的应用研究

主要介绍冷喷银涂层在高纯多晶硅低消耗生产技术中的应用,阐述多晶硅生产用西门子法钟罩式化学气相沉积反应器的能量损失和银涂层节能机理,分析冷喷银涂层对红外反射、反应器能量消耗及多晶硅生长的影响,总结冷喷银涂层在应用中存在的问题。以24对棒多晶硅化学气相沉积反应器为例,当其内壁含有冷喷银涂层时,与非喷涂反应器相比,可至少降低5%的能量消耗,最高增加11.2%的多晶硅产量。     

远红外定向加热器导电涂层的研制

本文从４个方面研究了涂料型远红外定向加热器的导电涂层，使加热器在节约能源，提高热效率方面获得了显著效果。     

高速钢刀具材料的发展趋势与应用

高速钢仍然是最重要的刀具材料之一,本文着重分析了和介绍粉末冶金高速钢及涂层高速钢两种新型高速钢的发展趋势和应用。     

铝合金车体防腐涂层耐腐蚀性研究

本文主要研究了动车组用酸性清洗剂(TKDX-12)对防腐涂层的腐蚀情况,并考察了几种不同的表面处理工艺对防腐涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响.     

奏响切削刀具行业新乐章——记2014年度中国机械工业科学技术奖一等奖项目“难加工零件高效精密切削刀具设计、制备与应用”

<正>切削刀具是决定数控加工效率和质量的关键因素之一,随着科技的发展,刀具正在向高效、高精度、高可靠性和专用化方向发展。目前,我国切削刀具制造行业机遇与挑战并存。尽管我国机床和刀具消费量连续多年居世界第一,但在航空航天、能源和汽车等领域难加工零件加工中,高效精密刀具存在刀具设计缺乏理论指导、批量制备质量一致性差、缺乏应用工艺技术支撑等重大瓶颈问题,导致其严重依赖进口(80%以上),数