WTO发展中成员待遇"特殊性"探析

WTO赋予了发展中成员诸多待遇优惠，我们应充分熟悉和掌握这些优惠待遇规定，并努力争取对其充分、有效的利用，以扩大广大发展中成员实际贸易利益的获取。     

论《SPS协定》中的科学证据原则

科学证据原则是《SPS协定》的核心原则之一。分析科学证据原则的核心条款第2．2奈和例外条款第5．7条是认识该原则的关键。在法律条款的适用上，应区分事实属性与法律适用两种情况，遵循先具体条款再原则务款的适用模式。争端解决机构对荷尔蒙案、鲑鱼案和品种测试案的裁决为理解这一原则提供了实践依据。     

1946年春反苏运动述评

半个多世纪以来，大陆民国史学界对发生在1946年奏的反苏运动及其性质的认识上，一直持否定态度或讳莫如深。在解读大量资料的基础上，本文在系统阐述这一运动的产生背景，发展过程及其影响，就以往学界认为国民党操纵运动，运动中的反共口号及《新华日报》被砸事件进行了具体分析，对反苏运动的性质及主流做出了重新评价。     

Internet上驰名商标特殊保护法律研究

Internet这一新兴技术给相对稳定的传统法律制度提出了极大的挑战。中国已加入WTO,Internet的迅猛发展影响着驰名商标在Internet上的地位及其保护;我国驰名商标在Internet上与网络域名发生冲突时驰名商标胜诉一案对我们启示颇多;我国的现状及国际趋势都要求对Internet上驰名商标进行特殊保护。     

对1946年—1949年间印尼抗荷战争史中两个问题的再认识

本文对印尼三年抗荷战争史中的两个重大问题予以重新评价。认为:印尼共和国与荷兰签定的三个协定,实际上反映了印尼抗荷战争各阶段中双方军事力量的对比,反映了当时在东南亚地区印尼民族主义与新老殖民主义间的政治力量对比,是其民族独立的必经道路;印尼共在抗荷战争中的行动路线,要害是放弃了民族主义旗帜,既脱离了当时印尼国情,也脱离了群众,因而最终丧失了对印尼局势的影响力。     

世界区域经济合作发展与我国的战略抉择

区域经济一体化是当今国际经济合作的一个趋势,我国作为发展中大国和世界贸易大国应把握好这一机遇,积极参与并合理规划,为我国经济发展赢得良好和稳定的外部空间。从世界区域经济合作的发展历程、发展动因分析,进而归纳我国在这方面正确的应对策略。     

Normal versus abnormal genital findings in children: How well do examiners agree?

In order to determine how well medical examiners agree on the significance of certain anogenital findings in children, preselected colposcopic photographs of the anogenital area of 16 patients were shown to 170 medical examiners (82% pediatricians) who were blinded as to the history on each patient. Findings rated most frequently as being suggestive or indicative of penetrating injury included immediate anal dilatation with no stool present (85%), hymenal transection (84%), marked narrowing of the hymenal rim with notching (81%), and a posterior fourchette scar (75%). The agreement between the participants and the experts on the abnormal cases (mean 81%) was significantly higher than on the normal cases (mean 71%, p < .001) and on genital findings (78%) than on anal findings (63%, p = .000). Higher experience level (more cases seen per month) was associated with significantly higher agreement between the participants and the experts on five of eight normal cases and two of four abnormal cases. Use of a colposcope was also associated with higher overall agreement with the experts (74% vs. 44%, p < .0001).     

红线协定:美国石油资本进驻海湾地区的起点

随着第一次世界大战的爆发,石油从一般性商品跃为战略性物质。美国借战争之机成为世界经济和军事大国,提出＂十四点原则＂意欲争霸世界,海湾丰富的石油资源引起美国的＂关注＂。战后,美国政府积极支持本国石油资本向海湾地区扩张,迫使中东霸主英国签订＂红线协定＂,插足伊拉克,打破了英国对海湾石油资源的垄断。     

法律激励理论视角下我国专利池的法律规制完善

专利池在我国正处于发展阶段,有必要加快完善有利于专利池共享平台建设的法律制度环境。通过对专利池的内涵与法律性质分析,运用法律激励理论对我国现行规制专利池的法律制度中的不足进行研究,提出在肯定专利池鼓励竞争与创新、提升质量的正向价值基础上,我国现行法律也应该进行适时调整,扩大专利池激励对象、激励范围与改变激励路径,进一步完善对专利池法律规制的具体规则,为科学发展和技术进步提供更加优良的法制环境。     

Reproducibility of the maximum accumulated oxygen deficit and run time to exhaustion during short-distance running

The aim of this study was to determine the reproducibility of the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit and the associated exercise time to exhaustion during short-distance running. Fifteen well-trained males (mean - s : VO 2max = 58.0 - 4.6 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ) performed the maximum accumulated oxygen deficit test at an exercise intensity equivalent to 125% VO 2max . The test was repeated at the same time of day on three occasions within 3 weeks. There was no significant systematic bias between trials for either maximum accumulated oxygen deficit (mean - s : trial 1 = 69.0 - 13.1; trial 2 = 71.4 - 12.5; trial 3 = 70.4 - 15.0 ml O 2 Eq.kg -1 ; ANOVA, F = 0.70, P = 0.51) or exercise time to exhaustion (trial 1 = 194 - 31.1; trial 2 = 198 - 33.2; trial 3 = 201 - 36.8 s; F = 1.49, P = 0.24). In addition, other traditional measures of reliability were also favourable. These included intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.91 and 0.87, and sample coefficients of variation of 6.8% and 5.0%, for maximum accumulated oxygen deficit and exercise time to exhaustion respectively. However, the '95% limits of agreement' were 0 - 15.1 ml O 2 Eq (1.01 2 / 1 1.26 as a ratio) and 0 - 33.5 s (1.0 2 / 1 1.18 as a ratio) for maximum accumulated oxygen deficit and exercise time to exhaustion respectively. We estimate that the sample sizes required to detect a 10% change in exercise time to exhaustion and maximum accumulated oxygen deficit after a repeated measures experiment are 10 and 20 respectively. Unlike the results of previous maximum accumulated oxygen deficit studies, we conclude that it is not a reliable measure.