对农业科研项目内部审计的思考

随着市场经济的发展,农业科研单位经营业务规模日趋复杂、经营方式多样化、管理层次多级化。项目审计工作已成为从事内部审计工作的一项新课题。本文通过对经营业务规模日趋复杂的农业科研项目内部审计职能作用的分析,针对存在的问题,就如何强化科研项目内部审计做了一些思考。     

试析明后期财政危机的根源

以财政流失为切入点分析明后期财政危机的根源,着重剖析明朝中后期实物财政向货币财政体制的转变.明政府未能建立相应的财政制度,导致财政管理纰漏丛生,财政流失严重,由此引发了财政危机,加速了明王朝的灭亡.     

Stimulating the imaginative capacities of agricultural extension students

Purpose: To address the dynamic challenges associated with developing a globally sustainable society, numerous scholars have stressed the need to cultivate the imagination of agricultural students. This study aimed to explore how pictorial representations stimulate the imaginative capacities of agricultural extension students. Design/methodology/approach: We adopted a focus group method that enabled in-depth discussions amongst selected participants. Three focus group discussions were held with 15 student participants in Taiwan. Regarding the pictorial representations, a series of works from three great artists were selected, namely Jean-François Millet, Pablo Picasso and Joan Miró. The works were chosen. Findings: The results indicated that different indicators of imaginative capacities were stimulated by different types or combinations of pictorial representations. For example, realistic visual stimuli were beneficial for cultivating student intuition of problem solving. The atmosphere and colour of visual stimuli affected student sensibilities. The abstract stimuli and remote analogues were beneficial in generating original ideas and breaking design fixations. These stimulations occurred largely according to encountering problems and project needs. Practical implications: These findings can assist agricultural educators in developing imaginative curricula and instructional strategies and might increase students’ creative performance. Originality/value: This research provides intriguing insights into the complexities of human imagination. First, the present study developed a novel approach to assess how pictorial representations stimulate the imaginative-capacity indicators of agricultural extension students. Our results indicated that various indicators were stimulated by various types or combinations of pictorial representations, and how and why these stimulations occurred largely depended on design problems and project needs.     

新疆农业旅游的市场定位及开发思路

新疆农业旅游开发主要以观光类、务农采摘类、民俗风情类、高科技农业技术类和休闲农业类旅游产品为主。新疆发展农业旅游应该增强农业旅游的文化内涵,保持田园特色,避免城市化倾向,市场定位应以新疆区内市民为主。应树立可持续发展的理念,改善农村基础设施和旅游服务设施条件,打造新疆特色品牌、加强宣传促销。     

Knowledge codification and the geography of innovation: the case of Brescia mechanical cluster

The paper re-examines the twin concepts of knowledge “tacitness” and “codification”, which both the literature on (broadly defined) industrial districts, and some recent econometric literature on “localized knowledge spillovers” have possibly mis-handled. Even within specialized local small and medium enterprises (SMEs) clusters, knowledge may be highly codified and firm-specific. The case study on Brescia mechanical firms shows that knowledge, rather than flowing freely within the cluster boundaries, circulates within a few smaller “epistemic communities”, each centered around the mechanical engineers of individual machine producers, and spanning to a selected number of suppliers’ and customers’ technicians. Physical distance among members of each community vary a lot, but even local messages may be highly codified.     

试论农业信息资源网络化建设与开发

本文论述了农业信息资源网络化建设的必要性，分析了当前我国在农业信息资源网络化建设中存在的主要问题，提出了加强农业信息资源网络化建设的措施，并就推进网络化信息开发与服务提出了建议。     

农产品-农业资源平衡表体系建立的理论与方法探讨

加入WTO后 ,中国农业将面对国际、国内两种资源、两个市场 ,意味着今后中国农产品供求将处于不断的变化过程中 ,由此也决定了未来中国农业资源配置也处于不断变动之中 ,建立农产品 -农业资源平衡表体系 ,对保障农业产品有效供给 ,实现农业资源的科学管理具有重要意义。该文系统地分析了不同农产品平衡表和不同农业资源的基本结构模式 ,及其之间的相互关系 ;农产品 -农业资源平衡表研究方法的基本特点 ;并通过实例分析 ,初步探讨了农产品与农业资源之间的相互关联关系     

基于大数据的农产品现代冷链物流发展模式研究

系统梳理农产品加工企业主导型、零售企业主导型、批发市场主导型、第三方物流型、平台型、租赁型、中央厨房型、全链条型冷链物流发展模式并进行比较。在互联网背景下,依托大数据技术构建现代信息共享平台,建立一种“城市大库”与“个人微库”通过大数据串接的“网络化、严标准、可追溯、高效率”的全链条式现代农产品冷链物流发展模式。     

四川省农业科技创新发展的金融支持现状与模式探析

农业科技创新与金融支持的有机结合是解决“三农”问题的重要手段。四川是农业大省，近年来农业科技发展较快，融资需求呈增长趋势，区域金融对四川农业科技创新的支持力度不断加大，但依然存在金融支持不足，投入结构有待调整；市场融资不活跃，供需关系失衡；风险分担机制不健全等问题。因此，针对四川农业科技创新金融支持发展的现状和问题，提出相关对策建议，探析四川农业科技创新金融支持发展模式，即：“政策投入引导+金融机构联盟”多元化主体投入模式；“政府+担保+保险+政策+金融机构”全方位风险保障模式；“金融工具+服务+平台+多重融资”一体化灵活资本市场模式。     

学术期刊微信公众平台的传播特点及适宜应用形式分析

【目的】 了解学术期刊微信公众平台的传播特点及采用适宜形式,以促进传播效果最大化。 【方法】 以农业工程学报微信公众平台为案例,基于后台统计数据,分析平台用户关注和图文阅读情况。 【结果】 科研论文写作指导类、学报自身宣传类消息的图文转化率较高,根据论文内容所撰写的新闻通讯类消息以综合、土地和争鸣栏目的图文转化率较高;图文阅读渠道按阅读次数比例排序是：会话>朋友圈>其他>好友转发>历史消息。 【结论】 学术期刊微信平台较适宜的传播形式与措施主要有：将专业性强的学术内容以科普文章的形式传播;采用多图文发布形式;发布科研论文写作指导类消息,以及具有创新性、针对当前研究热点的科技消息等。