“十四五”时期公共文化服务高质量发展思考:破解老问题,应对新挑战

文章论述"十四五"时期公共文化服务高质量发展面临的挑战,包括:国家重大区域协调发展战略深入推进带来的新挑战,推动公共文化服务高质量发展面临的目标挑战,公共文化服务体系发展存在的挑战,公共文化形成软实力助力区域(城市)发展的挑战;分析"十四五"时期公共文化服务高质量发展面临的历史新机遇,包括:党中央把文化建设提升到了新的历史高度,各级党委政府大力抓文化建设已成为自觉行动,重大国家战略布局带来区域全方位发展新机遇,公共文化服务体系建设站上了历史发展新起点。面临新挑战,基于新机遇,"十四五"时期公共文化服务高质量发展可从7个方面着手,包括:提高运用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指导公共文化实践的能力水平;抢抓历史机遇,建设升级版的公共文化设施网络;做强数字化,推动公共文化服务均等化、一体化发展;繁荣群众文艺创作,加强公共文化软实力建设;打好"组合拳",推进"社会化",激发基层公共文化服务活力;以推进民族民间文化创新发展为抓手,推进文广旅公共服务深度融合;向科学管理要效益,提升公共文化服务能力水平。     

以七大结构优化提升“十四五”时期公共图书馆服务水平

文章论述了以结构优化来创新并提升公共图书馆服务水平的命题,从7个方面进行具体阐述,包括:更加优化公共图书馆服务的整体框架结构、文化传承结构、空间布局结构、时间长宽结构、读者活动结构、人才资源结构、信息技术结构,从而使结构优化与高质量发展的主题相统一相促进。     

广州图书馆“十四五”规划的重点问题

编制发展规划首先要抓住重点问题。文章梳理广州图书馆“十四五”发展规划编制过程中的九个重点问题,包括:时代主题的基本判断、推动体系建设、提升知识服务、强化阅读推广、落实国家战略《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》、完成功能转型、拓展服务领域、推动管理变革和强化人才支撑等,为图书馆界的“十四五”规划编制提供借鉴。     

宇宙热寂说新解

宇宙热寂说新解摒弃了以前教科书持批判观点的思想,作者运用现代自然科学关于宇宙起源和形成的最新研究成果,对宇宙热寂说进行了重新评价和解读．作者还认为所谓的“大爆炸”是宇宙轮回的开始,和所谓的局域宇宙说并不矛盾。     

Recovering potential: factors associated with success in engaging challenging students with alternative pre-16 provision

This short report describes the extent to which sociometric test results are validated by observations of children's social behaviour during playtimes. The sociometric terms ‘star’ and ‘isolate’, in particular, are examined in the light of measurements of the social interactions of children thus labelled.     

Local partnerships: blowing in the wind of national policy changes

Drawing on data from a three‐year study (2008–2011) of partnerships of schools and colleges delivering the 14–19 Diplomas in England, this article examines how the dynamics of local partnerships were shaped by a contradictory policy landscape in which some policies strongly promoted collaborative working whilst others reinforced competition between institutions. Semi‐structured interviews with 136 Diploma consortium leads and case studies of 30 Diploma consortia were undertaken. Most partnerships founded in direct response to government demands for collaboration were strategically and operationally less effective than those that had been formed earlier as a positive, dynamic response to locally identified interests/needs and had evolved over time. When key levers towards collaboration were removed by the new UK Coalition government (2010) and new policies restated the arguments for institutional autonomy and competition between institutions, the fragility of the ‘enacted’ partnerships became immediately apparent. Although members of Diploma consortia with a history of effective partnership working remained committed to the principle of collaboration, other policy developments such as the introduction of the English Baccalaureate and the recommendations of the Wolf Review on vocational education contributed to uncertainty about whether partnership working could, or indeed should, be sustained.     

“十三五”时期考试招生制度改革分析与“十四五”规划建议

深化考试招生综合改革是“十四五”时期深化教育改革的重要议题。基于政策工具理论视角,从“政策主题-政策环节-政策工具”三个维度构建分析框架,以“十三五”时期中共中央、国务院以及各部委颁布的考试招生相关的政策文本为分析对象析理其特点经验,并以此为基点探寻“十四五”时期我国考试招生制度改革所需的着力点。研究发现,“十三五”期间考试招生制度改革具有政策工具涵盖主题全面、内部环节比例均衡、政策工具种类多元、发文机构规格高、政策等级效力强等显著特点,保障和促进了该政策的稳步推进;但同时也呈现出不同政策主题的政策工具供给比例不均、外部环节关注度低、不同类型政策工具使用比例不平衡、发文主体单一、政策协同力低等问题。面向“十四五”,考试招生制度改革政策需着重推进高职院校分类考试改革,加强监督管理环节政策工具供给,优化调整不同类型政策工具的使用结构,促进部门协同提升政策合力。     

On the green and innovative side of trade competitiveness? The impact of environmental policies and innovation on EU exports

This paper aims at exploring how the export competitiveness of the European Union has been affected by environmental regulation and innovation. Starting from the Porter idea that environmental policies may foster international competitiveness by inducing technological innovation. We test both the strong and narrowly strong versions of the Porter hypothesis, in order to understand if such a virtuous cycle is confined into the environmental goods sector (respecting the narrow criterion) or it spreads out through the whole economic system. For this purpose we adopt a theoretically based gravity model applied to the export dynamics of five aggregated manufacturing sectors classified by their technological or environmental content.When testing the strong version, the overall effect of environmental policies does not seem to be harmful for export competitiveness of the manufacturing sector, whereas specific energy tax policies and innovation efforts positively influence export flows dynamics, revealing a Porter-like mechanism. When testing the narrowly strong version, environmental policies, but more incisively environmental innovation efforts, foster green exports. These results show that public policies and private innovation patterns both trigger higher efficiency in the production process through various complementarity mechanisms, thus turning the perception of environmental protection actions as a production cost into a net benefit.     

从第14届世界游泳锦标赛看世界泳坛格局及中国国家游泳队的定位

采用文献资料调研、数理统计、逻辑分析等方法对在上海举行的第14届世界游泳锦标赛室内游泳成绩进行分析,并与北京奥运会和第13届世界游泳锦标赛成绩进行比较。结果显示:第14届世界游泳锦标赛比赛成绩平稳中稍有下降,只破了2项世界纪录;美国队优势明显,明星运动员成绩斐然;欧洲军团冲击对抗美国队;中国队成绩崛起成为亚洲领军;澳大利亚队成绩持续低迷;非洲队重在参与。中国队新老结合,项目上有突破,成绩上有差距。结合区域经济规律和世界游泳锦标赛奖牌分布情况,分析得出中国队的蝶泳在游泳项目中有较强竞争优势;自由泳、个人混合和团体接力竞争力一般;蛙泳、仰泳是劣势项目。