广州市公务员心肺功能及BMI指数现状的分析

对公务员的体质进行监测与研究表明 :随着年龄的增长 ,肺活量呈下降的趋势 ,男女肺活量在 4 0岁以前的下降速度慢于 4 0岁以后的下降速度 ,女性公务员心血管机能水平的总体情况优于男性的水平 ;男性公务员在36岁以后BMI均值大于 2 4 ,并且 4 8.6 %的男性BMI在 2 4以上 ;建议注重平衡膳食———合理营养 ,提倡公务员进行中等强度的有氧健身运动 ,提高公务员的体质和健康水平。     

天水市秦州区初中学生肥胖现状调查与研究

本文以天水市秦州区初中肥胖学生为研究对象,采用问卷调查法、数理统计法进行初中学生肥胖现状的调查与研究。主要从饮食习惯、生活习惯及体育锻炼等三个方面进行了问卷调查与分析。通过本文的调查与研究希望中学生的肥胖现状能够引起学校、家长及肥胖学生对肥胖的关注,并且正确引导学生如何通过体育锻炼和合理的饮食及合理的生活习惯来解决自身的肥胖问题。     

有氧运动对肥胖人群BMI的影响

BMI是衡量人体肥瘦程度的常用指标之一。而肥胖已被世界卫生组织(WHO)列为慢性疾病,它不仅影响身体的曲线美,而且还是心血管病、高血压、癌症等疾病的危险因素。有氧运动能降低肥胖人群BMI,因此是预防和治疗肥胖的有效措施。     

肥胖女大学生的个性特征和SCL-90测试及其分析

采用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）对肥胖女大学生（BMI≥30）进行测试，结果表明：症状自评结果显示肥胖女大学生的9项因子分均值都远远高于国内常模。BMI与心理健康状况有着高度的相关性，BMI高者有着更严重的抑郁、焦虑。EPQ与SCL-90测试结果相吻合，肥胖女大学生存在较为严重的心理问题。由于运动可使脂肪储存量减少，因此建议让她们加强控制体重的理论知识学习，提高自我锻炼的能力，掌握锻炼身体的方法，平衡膳食，并进行适当的心理治疗，从而改善其体质，提高健康水平。     

2016-2018年武汉市洪山区高中生超重肥胖率变化特征

为了了解近三年来武汉市洪山区高中生肥胖率变化,收集武汉市洪山区高中生2016-2018年体质健康数据库的数据作为研究对象。运用文献资料法、数理统计法和对比研究法,以国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)为评价标准对学生BMI数据进行分析。结果:2016-2018年武汉市洪山区高中生超重肥胖检出率呈上升趋势。武汉市洪山区高中生肥胖率随着年龄的增长呈下降趋势。武汉市洪山区高中学段中男生肥胖检出率要高于女生肥胖检出率。建议:加强学生健康意识培养,合理优化膳食结构,加强学生适量体育锻炼。     

对评价大学生身体成分方法的研究

为研究在校大学生身体成分测量的最佳方法,采用皮褶法、生物电阻抗法(BAI)、身体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)和身高标准体重法,分别对随机抽取的220名大学生进行身体成分测试,并进行相关分析。结果发现:1.BAI、皮褶法、BMI和WHR可用来测量和评价大学生的身体成分,但其准确性依次是BAI>皮褶法>BMI>WHR;2.《标准》中身高标准体重不能客观有效地评价身体成分,故建议选用体脂百分比。     

Physical activity in the lifestyle of Czech university students: Meeting health recommendations

Abstract

The decline of physical activity (PA) in adults as well as children and youth is a worldwide phenomenon. The aim of this study is to analyse the amount of PA in Czech university students' daily lives. The research on university students was conducted as part of nationwide research on PA in the adult population of the Czech Republic. A total of 906 students at eight selected universities were asked to participate in this study. The response rate was 79.5%. We analysed data from 641 university students: 318 male [mean age 21.63±1.73; mean Body Mass Index (BMI) 23.50±1.91] and 323 female (mean age 21.08±1.53; mean BMI 21.23±2.20). The students wore Yamax SW-701 pedometers continuously for seven days. With respect to BMI, the recommendation of 10,000 steps per day on an average day was met by 76% of men and 68% of women of normal weight, 67% of male students who were overweight or obese and 85% of female students who were overweight or obese. Of all monitored days, in both females and males, the number of steps taken on Sunday was significantly lower (p<0.0001) in comparison to other days of a week. No significant differences were found in the number of steps taken among students of normal weight, students who were overweight and students who were obese on any of the monitored days. The majority of Czech male university students are of normal weight. Only 9% of students meet the criterion of 10,000 steps every day. Approximately two-thirds of students meet the 10,000 steps daily criterion on four or more days per week. The lowest number of steps is taken on Sundays; this finding supports the need for intervention programmes to enhance PA on weekends.     

The influence of 2 weeks of low-volume high-intensity interval training on health outcomes in adolescent boys

Abstract

The present study aimed to establish whether 2 weeks of high-intensity interval training would have a beneficial effect on aerobic fitness, fat oxidation, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) in healthy adolescent boys. Ten adolescent boys (15.1 ± 0.3 years, 1.3 ± 0.2 years post-estimated peak height velocity) completed six sessions of Wingate-style high-intensity interval training over a 2-week period. The first session consisted of four sprints with training progressed to seven sprints in the final session. High-intensity interval training had a beneficial effect on maximal O₂ uptake (mean change, ±90% confidence intervals: 0.19 L · min^?1, ±0.19, respectively), on the O₂ uptake at the gas exchange threshold (0.09 L · min^?1, ±0.13) and on the O₂ cost of sub-maximal exercise (–0.04 L · min^?1, ±0.04). A beneficial effect on the contribution of lipid (0.06 g · min^?1, ±0.06) and carbohydrate (–0.23 g · min^?1, ±0.14) oxidation was observed during sub-maximal exercise, but not for the maximal rate of fat oxidation (0.04 g · min^?1, ±0.08). Systolic blood pressure (1 mmHg, ±4) and BMI (0.1 kg · m², ±0.1) were not altered following training. These data demonstrate that meaningful changes in health outcomes are possible in healthy adolescent boys after just six sessions of high-intensity interval training over a 2-week period.     

不同家庭收入影响我国大学生肥胖与体质健康的相关性分析

以我国上海市大学学生为研究对象,分析了大学生的肥胖、血压及其与家庭经济因素之间的相互关系。结果显示,城市组大学生肥胖率显著性高于农村组大学生肥胖率;大学男生肥胖组家庭人均收入显著性高于正常组及偏瘦组,女生则不存在显著性差异;肥胖组大学生的血压显著性高于偏瘦组及正常组大学生的血压;随着体重变动率的逐渐增加,血压变动量也随之显著性增大。     

大学生体重指数与身体机能的相关研究

运用文献资料法、频数分析和相关性检验等方法对中北大学2003届大学生的体重指数（BMI）和身体机能指标进行分析研究。结果表明：BMI指数与肺活量／体重指数呈显著性负相关;与台阶指数、安静脉搏无显著性相关。