推理作图法在求相贯线特殊点中的运用探讨

本主要针对两基本几何体相交求画相贯线中特殊点的求解方法,阐述推理作图法的运用,其核心是三面共点法的推理运用。本中列举了利用圆球面及圆锥面作辅助面求特殊点的推理作图法,可供学生学习参考。     

Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Theories of Motivation from an Attributional Perspective

Two related attribution theories of motivation are examined. One, an intrapersonal theory, includes self-directed thoughts (particularly expectancy of success) and self-directed emotions (pride, guilt, and shame). The second is an interpersonal theory and includes beliefs about the responsibility of others and other-directed affects of anger and sympathy. These two theories are respectively guided by the disparate metaphors of the person as a scientist and the person as a judge. Some experimental evidence supporting the conceptions and the range of phenomena that they incorporate are examined.     

Mixed linear model approaches for analyzing genetic models of complex quantitative traits

New approaches based on general mixed linear models were presented for analyzing complex quantitative traits in animal models, seed models and QTL (quantitative trait locus) mapping models. Variances and covariances can be appropriately estimated by MINQUE (minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation) approaches. Random genetic effects can be predicted without bias by LUP (linear unbiased prediction) or AUP (adjusted unbiased prediction) methods. Mixed-model based composite interval mapping (MCIM) methods are suitable for efficiently searching QTLs along the whole genome. Bayesian methods and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods can be applied in analyzing parameters of random effects as well as their variances. Projects supported by NSFC (39670390, 39893350) and the NIH Grant GM32518     

基于机器学习的Web链接的抽取

互联网网页是通过超链接连接起来的,为人们的日常生活和商务用途提供了非常丰富的信息资源。链接结构分析在万维网的很多研究领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。然而存在着许多与主题无关的链接,造成了主题漂移。本文分析了链接本身的特点,介绍了一种有监督机器学习方法自动地抽取网页中的相关链接。试验结果表明该算法具有实用的价值。     

婴幼儿基于概念的归纳推理研究

近年来,关于婴幼儿归纳推理能力的发展研究受到国际心理学界的重视,其中婴幼儿是否能够基于概念进行归纳推理是一个焦点问题。Mandler等人利用概括化模仿技术对婴儿的归纳推理进行了研究,发现:9-20个月的婴儿的归纳推理受到领域水平的概念类别所限制,是一个基于概念的过程;Gelman等人探讨了类别成员关系、语言标签、心理本质主义在幼儿的归纳推理中的作用,发现:2-4岁幼儿的归纳推理受基本水平的类别成员关系所限制,也是一个基于概念的过程。二者的分歧可以用语言的作用加以解释。     

贝叶斯分析在情报分析中的应用

在阐述贝叶斯分析在情报分析中应用的现状、贝叶斯分析基本原理的基础上,以案例研究为主线,着重研究贝叶斯分析在情报分析中的应用,其应用步骤包括：建立假设群、估算初始概率、建立证据列表、估计似然比、通过贝叶斯公式计算后验概率、持续监控等。     

刑事司法与人权保障

保障人权是现代刑事司法文明、民主的逻辑起点,只有确认无罪推定原则,建立符合我国国情的沉默权制度,强化重实物证据的办案观念,才能使人权保障在我国的刑事司法中得以落实,使我国在人权方面的国际斗争中争取主动。     

Digital Module 11: Bayesian Psychometric Modeling https://ncme.elevate.commpartners.com

In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Roy Levy describes Bayesian approaches to psychometric modeling. He discusses how Bayesian inference is a mechanism for reasoning in a probability-modeling framework and is well-suited to core problems in educational measurement: reasoning from student performances on an assessment to make inferences about their capabilities more broadly conceived, as well as fitting models to characterize the psychometric properties of tasks. The approach is first developed in the context of estimating a mean and variance of a normal distribution before turning to the context of unidimensional item response theory (IRT) models for dichotomously scored data. Dr. Levy illustrates the process of fitting Bayesian models using the JAGS software facilitated through the R statistical environment. The module is designed to be relevant for students, researchers, and data scientists in various disciplines such as education, psychology, sociology, political science, business, health, and other social sciences. It contains audio-narrated slides, diagnostic quiz questions, and data-based activities with video solutions as well as curated resources and a glossary.     

建立课程考试常模统一评分参照标准之研究

运用标准化考试的理论，采用教育测量和数理统计的方法，研究和讨论建立常模，导出标准分，统一评分参照标准的方法，结果表明，采用观察多年稳定的课程考试成绩，建立常模，确定评价考试分数合理性临界值，统一评分参照标准，可为今后考试提供评价的依据     

论命题推理前提假值的先舍后取——兼及命题推理有效必然性的理论阐释

推理的目的在于使前提的真传递到结论，因而必须舍去前提中的假值。结论是以扩大断定范围的方式必然地保有前提的真。在验证推理是否有效时，将前提的真与假值均考虑在内，看结论是否完全包含了前提断定的事态(真)，以确定推理是否必然有效。