基于遗传算法的新建给水管网优化设计

遗传算法是一种较新的工程优化算法,将其引入给水管网优化设计,增强了管网设计方案的经济合理性。对给水管网优化设计的数学模型建立,遗传算法的基本原理、实数编码技术、评价函数的建立进行了分析,并用实例验证了其有效性。     

基于神经网络的监控数据智能处理方法

针对船用系泊缆绳安全智能报警系统中的表格试验数据，提出了应用神经网络技术的智能数据处理方法。该方法克服了传统数据处理方法一般难以找到合适的逼近函数、处理过程复杂的弱点，避免了传统数据处理方法上的不便性和局限性，实现了表格数据非线性输入输出的映射。通过样本学习而建立的网络可以提高数据的取用效率，具有很大的灵活性和适用性。这是一种很有应用价值的数据处理方法。     

模糊神经网络在故障诊断中的模型与应用

对一种基于模糊神经网络的故障诊断方法进行了研究，探讨了模糊神经网络诊断模型和模糊算子选择。以柴油机示功图作为特征信号，构造了船舶主机故障诊断仿真系统，并给出了系统知识学习和模糊推理结果。     

非正式网络对研发团队创造力的影响研究——以共享心智模型为中介变量

国内外学者迄今很少研究非正式网络与团队创造力的关系,对于团队外部非正式网络也没有给予足够的关注。以共享心智模型为中介变量,基于181个研发团队的数据,构建并验证了研发团队(内部和外部)非正式网络与团队创造力的关系。研究表明:团队内部、外部非正式网络与团队创造力均呈倒U函数关系;团队内部非正式网络与两类共享心智模型(任务式和协作式)均显著正相关,团队外部非正式网络与协作式共享心智模型显著正相关;团队内部非正式网络通过两类共享心智模型的中介作用影响团队创造力,团队外部非正式网络通过协作式共享心智模型的中介作用影响团队创造力。     

Governing software: networks,databases and algorithmic power in the digital governance of public education

This article examines the emergence of ‘digital governance’ in public education in England. Drawing on and combining concepts from software studies, policy and political studies, it identifies some specific approaches to digital governance facilitated by network-based communications and database-driven information processing software that are being discursively promoted in education by cross-sectoral intermediary organizations. Such intermediaries, including National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts, Demos, the Innovation Unit, the Education Foundation and the Nominet Trust, are increasingly seeking to participate in new digitally mediated forms of educational governance. Through their promotion of network-based pedagogies and database-driven analytics software, these organizations are seeking to delegate educational decision-making to socio-algorithmic forms of power that have the capacity to predict, govern and activate learners' capacities and subjectivities.     

基于清洁发展机制的碳减排投资机制设计研究

采用清洁发展机制下碳排放总量限制的减排政策时,企业吸引投资者对减排方面的相关技术和设备的投资非常重要。由于企业和投资者之间信息的不对称,投资者无法判断企业是高收益企业还是低收益企业。基于此,本文构建了企业和投资者之间的信号传递博弈模型,结果表明,企业用自身收益的一定比例换取投资者对新上项目的投资,对低收益企业的投资概率要大于高收益企业;在不区分企业收益情况下,进而研究了达到预期减排目标的企业和投资者之间的混同完美贝叶斯均衡策略,为投资者的投资决策提供了参考依据。     

How can science connect with and contribute to conservation? Recommendations and reflections

This paper reports the conclusions and recommendations of the working group that synthesized the discussions on ‘How can science connect with and be of greater benefit to conservation practice?’ during the ICCROM Forum on Conservation Science. The author reflects on these findings from her own perspective and experiences, and places them in the context of two major shifts in heritage research: the first, a shift in focus from conserving materials to managing meaning. The second, a shift in organizational structures from single, centrally funded heritage institutions towards diffuse networks which include new players who have no direct responsibility towards heritage. Both shifts are taking place in an environment of decreased funding and increased accountability to society. Science and conservation connect and contribute to each other most effectively if they together contribute to the societal benefits of heritage. In this regard, heritage science strategies can stimulate collaboration, and direct science and conservation towards innovative, applicable outcomes. Moreover, they can promote a transdisciplinary approach which connects social, economic and business sciences and stakeholders. They should also ensure the creation of sustainable nodes for consolidating knowledge within these dynamic networks.     

实时交通流条件下船舶航道航行风险预警模型

为提高航道内实时交通事故预警精度,基于长江下游两个水道内发生的交通事故数据和船舶检测器数据,运用随机森林(Random Forest,RF)模型对事故发生前20~40 min内的航道状态初始数据进行重要变量筛选,根据筛选出的4个最重要的变量结合高斯混合模型和最大期望算法构建新的事故预警贝叶斯网络(Bayesian Network,BN)模型.实例检验表明:新的BN模型优于直接利用初始数据建立的模型,事故预警正确率达到81.29%;可转移性测试中新的BN模型的事故预警正确率虽有所降低,但整体预警正确率和事故预警正确率仍高于利用初始数据建立的模型;新的BN模型用于实时船舶交通流航行风险预警是有效的.     

机会网络中节点协作的Epidemic路由算法

Epidemic路由算法是一种多副本路由算法,在资源受限的情况下,会由于无限制的洪泛使得网络中存有大量的消息副本,消耗大量网络资源,导致网络性能下降。针对Epidemic路由算法中存在的问题,提出一种基于节点协作的Epidemic路由算法,该算法通过节点间相互的协作和一定策略抑制网络中副本数多的消息的转发机会,提高副本数少的消息的转发机会,进而控制网络中总的消息副本的增长,以此保证消息转发公平性和较好的网络性能。仿真结果表明,与传统的Epidemic路由算法和Prophet路由算法相比,该路由算法能显著提高消息的交付率,减少消息传输延迟和路由开销,有效提高了网络总体性能。     

基于贝叶斯网络的航空维修差错致因分析

近年来事故分析显示,维修差错导致的航空事故在总事故中占较大的比重,精确分析维修差错的诱发因素有助于提高维修质量管理。在分析维修差错模式及诱发因素的基础上,基于贝叶斯网络建立了以维修任务为叶节点的差错致因分析网络,通过概率重要度分析和关键重要度分析对维修差错致因进行了定性、定量评估。通过对某航空事故的分析表明该方法切实可行。