科研人员数据重用意愿的影响因素研究

文章基于计划行为理论和技术接受模型,结合科研数据重用的具体情境,构建了一个用于理解和解释科研人员数据重用意愿的影响因素及其关系的理论模型。利用结构方程模型对回收的有效问卷进行分析,结果表明,科研人员的数据重用意愿直接受到数据重用的主观规范,对数据重用的态度以及数据质量的影响。     

基于卢因行为模型的社交网络学术信息交流行为影响因素研究——以苏州地区高校科研人员为例

分析高校科研人员社交网络学术信息交流行为影响因素,有助于提高高校科研人员社交网络学术信息交流行为活跃度,拓宽群体知识面,实现组织内部工作模式创新。文章首先借鉴卢因行为理论构建高校科研人员社交网络学术信息交流行为影响因素模型,结合理性行为理论、顾客感知价值理论等提出八个假设,并采用问卷调查方法收集数据;然后对测量指标进行信度和效度检验,借助结构方程模型分析影响因素并验证假设;最后根据分析结论提出相应建议。通过分析得出行为意向、机会和激励对学术信息交流行为具有正向影响,并从学术社交平台建设、组织内部支持、加强个体学术信息交流意识等方面提出建议。     

The impact of adverse childhood experiences on an urban pediatric population

Objective

The goal of this study was to investigate the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in youth in a low-income, urban community.

Study design

Data from a retrospective chart review of 701 subjects from the Bayview Child Health Center in San Francisco are presented. Medical chart documentation of ACEs as defined in previous studies were coded and each ACE criterion endorsed by a traumatic event received a score of 1 (range = 0-9). This study reports on the prevalence of various ACE categories in this population, as well as the association between ACE score and two pediatric problems: learning/behavior problems and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85% (i.e., overweight or obese).

Results

The majority of subjects (67.2%, N = 471) had experienced 1 or more categories of adverse childhood experiences (ACE ≥ 1) and 12.0% (N = 84) had experienced 4 or more ACEs (ACE ≥ 4). Increased ACE scores correlated with increased risk of learning/behavior problems and obesity.

Conclusions

There was a significant prevalence of endorsed ACE categories in this urban population. Exposure to 4 or greater ACE categories was associated with increased risk for learning/behavior problems, as well as obesity.

Practice implications

Results from this study demonstrate the need both for screening of ACEs among youth in urban areas and for developing effective primary prevention and intervention models.     

Effective behavior management in preschool classrooms and children's task orientation: Enhancing emergent literacy and language development

This study investigated the relations among preschool teachers’ behavior management, children's task orientation, and children's emergent literacy and language development, as well as the extent to which task orientation moderated the relation between teachers’ behavior management and children's emergent literacy and language development. Participants included 398 children and 67 preschool teachers from preschool programs serving an at-risk population. Teachers’ behavior management was observationally assessed and children's task orientation was measured via teacher-report. Children's language and emergent literacy skills were directly assessed in the fall and in the spring of the preschool year. Hierarchical linear models were used to predict children's residualized gain in emergent literacy and language (i.e., Spring scores with Fall scores as covariates) from their task orientation and their teachers’ behavior management. Task orientation and behavior management each positively predicted children's emergent literacy development, but not language development. There was a significant interaction between teachers’ behavior management and children's task orientation in predicting children's language development, such that high scores on both variables were associated with the most optimal language outcomes. Implications for research and early education are discussed.     

Applicability of the Dual-Factor Model of Mental Health for College Students

This study explores the utility of a dual-factor model of mental health in which the concepts of mental illness and mental wellness are integrated. Life satisfaction, emotional symptoms, personal adjustment, and clinical symptoms were assessed with a sample of 240 college students. Participants were organized into four groups based on levels of life satisfaction and clinical symptoms. Results appear to be consistent with previous research suggesting that psychopathology and subjective well-being are not opposite ends of an illness--health continuum, but may be better conceptualized as separate and complementary constructs related to the full range of human functioning. Implications for prevention and intervention are discussed.     

教师人生哲学的教育影响力

人生哲学从哲学的角度出发，将人生问题提升到更高的层次，从而可为教育提供理想的构想。一个时代的人生哲学带有一定的价值导向性，往往首先从宏观层面影响教育的价值取向；而教师的人生哲学作为个性的体现，则更直接地影响着教师的教育观念和教育行为，而且这种影响更直接、更持久。     

基于光流计算的行为识别

论述了基于光流计算的行为识别方法。该方法采用选取序列图像中的光流特征,不需要预先获取图像背景,计算结果只依靠连续帧的相对运动,不受环境的影响,因而比较适用。     

中小学英语教师在线教学行为意向及影响因素

基于计划行为理论,采用问卷调查法探究中小学英语教师在线教学行为意向以及相关影响因素.通过相关分析和回归分析,得出以下结论:行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制与在线教学行为意向均存在正相关关系;行为态度、知觉行为控制均能显著预测在线教学行为意向;主观规范对在线教学行为意向的预测不显著.研究表明:当教师对在线教学持积极的态度...     

早期运动干预对改善智障儿童行为问题的探讨

近年来智障儿童行为问题日益得到社会的关注,智障儿童自身的特殊性,其行为问题更具严重性。本文在对文献资料梳理的基础上,探讨了智障儿童行为问题的研究与正常儿童的区别、智障儿童行为问题产生的主要因素以及当前的行为纠正技术上存在的问题等。在早期干预理论背景下,提出通过早期运动干预来预防和减少智障儿童问题行为的产生。同时,对早期运动干预在改善智障儿童行为问题的研究进行了展望。     

考虑OCB的重大工程项目成功的评估及提升策略研究

基于系统动力学理论,探究组织公民行为(Organizational Citizenship Behavior,OCB)对重大工程项目成功系统的影响,并提出有效的管理策略以提升重大工程项目成功的可能性.模拟结果表明,单项政策分析中,政治擢升的驱动效应比企业发展动机的驱动效应对OCB的提升以及项目成功的影响更大;而混合政策比单项政策对项目成功的提升效果更加显著,并且混合政策中通过对变量的数值组合设置更进一步揭示政治擢升的驱动效应对于项目成功的重要性.