融合课堂教学与生物医学统计软件提升生物医学统计课程的教学质量

生物医学统计是高校生命科学类专业的一门专业基础课程,为改善本科教育教学质量,培养学生终身学习的习惯,有必要在生物医学统计课堂教学中引入新的教学模式。5E教学模式是一种应用于探究性学习的教学模式,它包含"参与、探索、解释、迁移和评价"五个学习环节。将5E教学模式与生物医学统计软件紧密结合在一起应用于课堂教学,有利于学生自学习惯的培养;从而实现学生自主学习与教师主导知识传授的有机结合、生物医学统计理论与生物医学实践的相互交融,进而提升生物医学统计的教学质量。     

Modes of organizing biomedical innovation in the UK and US and the role of integrative and relational capabilities

Given that biomedical innovation involves intense collaboration across disciplines, occupations and organizations, a nation's integrative capabilities (the ability to move between basic science and clinical development) and relational capabilities (the ability to collaborate with diverse organizations) have been identified as crucial. This paper deploys qualitative analysis of biomedical innovation in the UK and US to identify mechanisms influencing innovation at the project level through which these macro level capabilities may have effects. From this a propositional framework is developed that helps explain the likely impact of such capabilities for characteristically different kinds of innovation projects at the micro level.     

Robust adaptive control for prescribed performance tracking of constrained uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper proposes a robust adaptive control strategy for a class of state-constrained uncertain nonlinear systems with prescribed transient and steady-state behavior. The prescribed tracking performance can be characterized by constraints on an output tracking error. Both state and output constraints are achieved by bounding integral barrier Lyapunov functions in the backstepping procedure. A robust adaptive term is designed to compress auxiliary system uncertainties without the knowledge of their bounds. The satisfaction of control constraints and tracking error convergence are verified by theoretical analysis and are illustrated by simulation results.     

Resolving ambiguity in biomedical text to improve summarization

Access to the vast body of research literature that is now available on biomedicine and related fields can be improved with automatic summarization. This paper describes a summarization system for the biomedical domain that represents documents as graphs formed from concepts and relations in the UMLS Metathesaurus. This system has to deal with the ambiguities that occur in biomedical documents. We describe a variety of strategies that make use of MetaMap and Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) to accurately map biomedical documents onto UMLS Metathesaurus concepts. Evaluation is carried out using a collection of 150 biomedical scientific articles from the BioMed Central corpus. We find that using WSD improves the quality of the summaries generated.     

香辛料药物数字图书馆——从视觉、嗅觉认识生物医学

香辛料药物资料展（Medicinal Spices Exhibit,MSE）是一个以收集展览香辛料相关资料为主的生物医学数字图书馆,作为网上展览库,该馆利用文字和图片为读者提供最早的香料历史纪录及资料,以支持医学和生物学的学习和研究。文章重点从资源组织、技术特征、界面设计、服务特点等方面对香辛料药物在线资料展作了评述。     

An empirical study of gene synonym query expansion in biomedical information retrieval

Due to the heavy use of gene synonyms in biomedical text, people have tried many query expansion techniques using synonyms in order to improve performance in biomedical information retrieval. However, mixed results have been reported. The main challenge is that it is not trivial to assign appropriate weights to the added gene synonyms in the expanded query; under-weighting of synonyms would not bring much benefit, while overweighting some unreliable synonyms can hurt performance significantly. So far, there has been no systematic evaluation of various synonym query expansion strategies for biomedical text. In this work, we propose two different strategies to extend a standard language modeling approach for gene synonym query expansion and conduct a systematic evaluation of these methods on all the available TREC biomedical text collections for ad hoc document retrieval. Our experiment results show that synonym expansion can significantly improve the retrieval accuracy. However, different query types require different synonym expansion methods, and appropriate weighting of gene names and synonym terms is critical for improving performance.

生物医用金属材料的研究进展

介绍了医用金属材料目前的研究现状、性能和应用,指出了医用金属材料应用中目前存在的主要问题,阐述了近年来生物医用金属材料的新进展,提出镁及镁合金材料的应用是生物医用金属材料的发展方向。     

Deformation of red blood cells using acoustic radiation forces

Acoustic radiation forces have been used to manipulate cells and bacteria in a number of recent microfluidic applications. The net force on a cell has been subject to careful investigation over a number of decades. We demonstrate that the radiation forces also act to deform cells. An ultrasonic standing wave field is created in a 0.1 mm glass capillary at a frequency of 7.9 MHz. Using osmotically swollen red-blood cells, we show observable deformations up to an aspect ratio of 1.35, comparable to deformations created by optical tweezing. In contrast to optical technologies, ultrasonic devices are potentially capable of deforming thousands of cells simultaneously. We create a finite element model that includes both the acoustic environment of the cell, and a model of the cell membrane subject to forces resulting from the non-linear aspects of the acoustic field. The model is found to give reasonable agreement with the experimental results, and shows that the deformation is the result of variation in an acoustic force that is directed outwards at all points on the cell membrane. We foresee applications in diagnostic devices, and in the possibility of mechanically stimulating cells to promote differentiation and physiological effects.     

“生物医学信号分析和处理”课程中采用双语教学的探索与实践

培养具有良好国际交流能力和能够紧跟学科发展最新趋势的高素质优秀人才成为高等院校的一个重点培养要求。为了达到这个要求,双语教学应运而生。本文阐述了实行双语教学的必要性,介绍了以学生为主体的课堂双语教学方法,同时根据笔者在＂生物医学信号分析和处理＂课程中采用双语教学得到的经验提几点建议。