Social support within an on-line cancer community: an assessment of emotional support,perceptions of advantages and disadvantages,and motives for using the community from a communication perspective

This study investigated an on-line cancer support community emphasizing communication concerns important to the community administrators. The researcher conducted an on-line survey of participants (N v = v 103) focused on their on-line communication activities and social support. The results indicate a modest negative correlation between emotional support received on-line and perceived stress, differences in emotional support scores based on perceptions of disadvantages of on-line support groups, and different motives for using the community between people with cancer and family members. The study also describes suggestions based on the results that were made to community administrators and which could be used by other on-line support communities.     

Young Breast Cancer Survivors’ Experiences of Uncertainty

Evidence indicates recent increases in breast cancer diagnoses among young women. Research also suggests that younger women diagnosed with breast cancer may experience more psychological distress than older women. In-depth interviews with 25 breast cancer survivors age 40 and under were conducted to explore the uncertainties young women face throughout survivorship. Results indicate that young women experience unique sources of uncertainty and that communication may facilitate or hinder the management of uncertainty across the survivorship trajectory. Implications of these findings for theorizing on uncertainty, healthcare providers’ interactions with young women, and social networks’ communication with survivors are discussed. These data also have important implications for the practical treatment of young breast cancer survivors and applied, communicative recommendations for providers are proposed.     

Disclosure of a Cancer Diagnosis in Organizational Peer Relationships

The purpose of this study was to explore types of message content received by peers of cancer survivors (N = 126) during cancer disclosure in the workplace. Coworkers reported cancer disclosure interactions with female (65.5%) and male (34.5%) cancer patients. Based on organizational peer types reported in the literature, coworkers reported differences in specific message content received by informational (36.5%), collegial (52.3%), and special peers (11.1%). Coworker relationships were also examined for perceived interpersonal solidarity based on peer type. Results reveal that messages with a treatment focus were most common with all peer types, followed by nondisclosure. Nondisclosure of a cancer diagnosis between coworkers reinforces cancer patients' needs for privacy boundaries, even within close workplace relationships. Of the three peer types, special peers had the most perceived interpersonal solidarity after a cancer disclosure.     

消化道癌雌孕激素受体阴阳性细胞的超微结构比较

取大肠管状腺癌Ⅱ级,无淋巴结转移者新鲜标本14例,以酶联组化法证实雌激素与孕激素受体均阳性者或均阴性者各7例,进行透射电镜下的超微结构观察。结果表明:受体阳性细胞、核暗、常染色质增多,呈细颗粒状,核仁以细颗粒状物为主。受体阴性细胞浆内游离核糖体明显增多。超微结构的不同提示两类癌细胞在代谢类型上存在着差异。     

白茅根治疗癌症晚期发热109例分析

目的观察白茅根对癌症晚期患者发热的控制作用.方法将研究对象随机分成两组,一组口服白茅根煎剂,一组肌注柴胡注射液治疗.结果服白茅根煎剂且患者体温控制到正常者为76.2%,而肌注柴胡注射液者仅为26.1%.结论白茅根对癌症晚期发热具有良好的降温作用.     

nm23在食道癌、胃肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨nm23在食道癌、胃肠癌发展中的作用及其意义。方法:应用S-P免疫组织化学方法检测nm23基因在39例食道癌、39例胃癌、42例肠癌标本中的表达。结果:无淋巴结转移组nm23阳性表达率显著高于淋巴结转移组,且nm23低表达与癌的浸润深度有关;与患者的性别、癌的分化程度等生物学行为无关。结论:食道癌、胃肠癌nm23低表达者具有较强的浸润转移能力,nm23可作为预测食道癌、胃肠癌转移及预后的临床指标。     

乳腺癌的外科治疗及进展

通过对大量论著、综述、以及乳腺癌专科著作的阅读、理解和分析，回顾乳腺癌外科治疗历史及近期乳腺癌外科治疗的新进展，认为随着人们对乳腺癌的生物学特性的认识不断进步及早期病例的诊断技术的不断提高，乳腺癌的外科治疗正经历着一个从大范围的根治手术到改良根治术加全身综合治疗到保乳手术加全身综合治疗的转变过程。     

A data-mining approach to biomarker identification from protein profiles using discrete stationary wavelet transform

Objective: To develop a new bioinformatic tool based on a data-mining approach for extraction of the most infor-mative proteins that could be used to fred the potential biomarkers for the detection of cancer. Methods: Two independent datasets from serum samples of 253 ovarian cancer and 167 breast cancer patients were used. The samples were examined by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS). The datasets were used to extract the informative proteins using a data-mining method in the discrete stationary wavelet transform domain. As a dimensionality re-duction procedure, the hard threshoiding method was applied to reduce the number of wavelet coefficients. Also, a distance measure was used to select the most discriminative coefficients. To find the potential biomarkers using the selected wavelet coefficients, we applied the inverse discrete stationary wavelet transform combined with a two-sided t-test. Results: From the ovarian cancer dataset, a set of five proteins were detected as potential biomarkers that could be used to identify the cancer patients from the healthy cases with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 100%. Also, from the breast cancer dataset, a set of eight proteins were found as the potential biomarkers that could separate the healthy cases from the cancer patients with accuracy of 98.26%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 95.6%. Conclusion: The results have shown that the new bioinformatic tool can be used in combination with the high-throughput proteomic data such as SELDI-TOF MS to find the potential biomarkers with high discriminative power.     

中草药对治疗癌症恶病质动物模型有效性的系统性回顾（英文）

本综述总结利用中草药治疗癌症恶病质的临床前研究及其潜在的机制,是首个针对中草药治疗癌症恶病质动物模型成效进行系统性回顾评价的研究。本文通过检索PubMed、EMBASE、Allied and Complementary Medicine Database以及Web of Science四大代表性的资料库(检索时间至2016年12月),就中草药治疗癌症恶病质的随机对照动物试验进行系统性回顾分析,并采用CAMARADE评分清单进行质量评价。分析结果显示:在十四项中草药及其化合物中,除了姜黄素外其他如黄连、黄连素、病得灵、清暑益气汤、黄芩、补中益气汤、六君子汤、橙皮苷、苍术呋喃烃、十全大补汤、小柴胡汤、知母及黄柏等都已被证实可以通过抗炎、调节神经内分泌途径、调节泛素蛋白酶体系统或蛋白质合成来改善癌症恶病质的症状。因此,利用中草药治疗癌症恶病质是一种有效的方法。然而该结论尚需要有更详细的分子机制和活性化合物的实验研究验证。     

Review:On dendritic cell-based therapy for cancers

Dendritic cells(DCs),the most prevalent antigen-presenting cell in vivo,had been widely characterized in the lastthree decades.DCs are present in almost all tissues of the body and play cardinal roles in recognition of microbial agents,autoantigens,allergens and alloantigen.DCs process the microbial agents or their antigens and migrate to lymphoid tissues topresent the antigenic peptide to lymphocytes.This leads to activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes.Initially,it was assumedthat DCs are principally involved in the induction and maintenance of adaptive immune responses,but now it is evident that DCsalso have important roles in innate immunity.These features make DCs very good candidates for therapy against variouspathological conditions including malignancies.Initially,DC-based therapy was used in animal models of cancers.Data fromthese studies inspired considerable optimism and DC-based therapies was started in human cancers 8 years ago.In general,DC-based therapy has been found to be safe in pati