Differential erythrocyte agglutination pattern in normal and cancer patients with Synadenium grantii root (Hook f) lectin

In the present study the property of lectin agglutination in blood on normal and different cancer patients has been observed. The purifiedSynadenium grantii root lectin was non blood group specific and its utility as a diagnostic tool in malignancy was studied. Hemagglutination (units/ml) of red blood cells of different types of cancer was compared with the normal control's red blood cells. Out of 113 total cancer patients, only a group of 29 breast cancer patients showed significant increase in titre value (P<0.05) compared to normal control.     

学龄前儿童食品的研究[Ⅰ]——婴儿食品的研究

阐述了学龄前儿童食品的特点.介绍了母乳的主要营养成分——蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、微量元素、维生素等,探讨了婴儿母乳的代用食品.概述了婴儿母乳代用食品的研究与开发.     

Association of hypomethylation of LINE-1 repetitive element in blood leukocyte DNA with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

Global DNA hypomethylation has been associated with increased risk for cancers of the colorectum, bladder, breast, head and neck, and testicular germ cells. The aim of this study was to examine whether global hypomethylation in blood leukocyte DNA is associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 315 HCC cases and 356 age-, sex- and HBsAg status-matched controls were included. Global methylation in blood leukocyte DNA was estimated by analyzing long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) repeats using bisulfite-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pyrosequencing. We observed that the median methylation level in HCC cases (percentage of 5-methylcytosine (5mC)=77.7%) was significantly lower than that in controls (79.5% 5mC) (P=0.004, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). The odds ratios (ORs) of HCC for individuals in the third, second, and first (lowest) quartiles of LINE-1 methylation were 1.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7–1.8), 1.4 (95% CI 0.8–2.2), and 2.6 (95% CI 1.7–4.1) (P for trend <0.001), respectively, compared to individuals in the fourth (highest) quartile. A 1.9-fold (95% CI 1.4–2.6) increased risk of HCC was observed among individuals with LINE-1 methylation below the median compared to individuals with higher (>median) LINE-1 methylation. Our results demonstrate for the first time that individuals with global hypomethylation measured in LINE-1 repeats in blood leukocyte DNA have an increased risk for HCC. Our data provide the evidence that global hypomethylation detected in the easily obtainable DNA source of blood leukocytes may help identify individuals at risk of HCC.     

乳腺癌中P53,nm23蛋白的表达及临床病理意义

目的探讨乳腺癌中P53,nm23蛋白表达水平及临床病理意义。方法采用免疫组化方法对原发乳腺癌标本进行P53和nm23蛋白检测,检测结果按照年龄、肿物大小、病理学分型、分化程度和淋巴结转移等分组统计分析,组间显著性差异采用x2检验。结果 P53蛋白阳性表达与患者年龄、肿物大小和淋巴结转移无关,但与乳腺癌病理学分型和分化程度关联密切;nm23蛋白表达与患者年龄、癌肿病理分型及分化程度无关,但与癌肿大小和转移有密切关联。结论根据nm23检测结果筛选具有转移危险的患者,早期实施化、放疗;根据P53检测结果,早期预测乳腺癌患者肿瘤细胞分化程度。综合二者检测结果对判断乳腺癌预后具有积极的临床价值。     

Science Letters: Vascular architecture: is it a helpful histopathological biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma?

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the major public health problems throughout the world. Although originally associated with tumorigenic processes, liver angiogenesis has also been observed in the context of different liver inflammatory, fibrotic, and ischemic conditions. Here we investigate the fractal dimension as a quantitator of non-Euclidean two-dimensional vascular geometry in a series of paired specimens of primary HCC and surrounding non-tumoral tissue, and discuss why this parameter might provide additional information regarding cancer behavior. The application of fractal geometry to the measurement of liver vascularity and the availability of a computer-aided quantitative method can eliminate errors in visual interpretation, and make it possible to obtain closer-to-reality numerals that are compulsory for any measurement process.     

Influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on intracellular pH and signal transduction in cancer cells

Object: The authors studied the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on intracellular pH and signal transduction arising from cancer cell multiplication in laparoscopic tumor operation. Method: They set up a simulation of pneumoperitoneum under different CO2 pressure, and then measured the variation of intracellular pH (pHi) at different time and the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) and protein phosphatase 2a (PP2a) at the end of the pneumoperitoneum. After 1 week, the concentration of cancer cells in the culture medium was calculated. Result: When the pressure of CO2 pneumoperitoneum was 0, 10, 20, 30 mmHg respectively, the average pHi was 7.273, 7.075, 6.783, 6.693 at the end of the pneumoperitoneum; PKC activity was 159.4, 168.5, 178.0, 181.6 nmol/(g-min) and PP2a was 4158.3,4066.9, 3984.0, 3878.5 nmol/(g-min) respectively. After 1 week, the cancer cells concentration was 2.15×105, 2.03×105, 2.20×105, 2.18×105 L-1. Conclusion: CO2 pneumoperitoneum could promote acidosis in cancer cells, inducing the activation of protein kinase C and deactivation of protein phosphatase 2a, but it could not accelerate the mitosis rate of the cancer cells.     

瘦素及其临床意义

瘦素是一种蛋白激素,对调节体重、新陈代谢、生育功能有重要影响,具有广泛的生物学意义.在临床上瘦素浓度还被发现和肥胖症、心血管疾病、Ⅱ型糖尿病、不育症、骨质疏松、肾脏病、骨关节炎、脂肪肝和乳腺癌等许多疾病有关联.     

卵巢上皮癌组织COX-2的表达及与MVD的关系

目的:探讨卵巢上皮癌组织中环氧合酶-2(COX-2)表达及其与微血管密度(MVD)的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学技术检测65例卵巢上皮癌组织和18例正常卵巢组织中COX-2的表达,并以抗CD34抗体标记微血管内皮细胞测定MVD。结果:卵巢上皮癌组织COX-2表达阳性的比例为73.8%,显著高于正常卵巢组织COX-2表达阳性的比例11.1%(P<0.01)。COX-2阳性表达的卵巢上皮癌组织中的MVD(57.8±18.6)明显高于阴性表达者(37.4±11.2)(P<0.01)。结论:COX-2在卵巢上皮癌组织中高表达,COX-2可促进肿瘤血管生成。     

基于深度学习网络的乳腺癌图片分类研究

利用深度学习网络对组织病理图片进行分类,以减少病理学家工作量,达到利用计算机辅助治疗的效果。提出利用在两种预训练好的框架下提取的特征进行训练,并研究了多级分类,该成果有利于癌症后期治疗,更加方便临床医学应用;利用迁移学习能够减少训练时间,并解决数据集不足的问题;通过数据增强的方法,可有效提高分类准确度。     

多媒体教学融入乳腺外科诊治教学中适用探究

乳腺外科是一门专业性和社会实践性很强的学科,并且对学生医学知识有很高要求。以往学生在传统乳腺外科学习中因为学科枯燥无味而提不起兴趣,而在乳腺外科诊治教学中融入多媒体可将枯燥的医学知识转化为形象生动的动画和音乐,从而提高学生的学习兴趣。本文主要对多媒体在乳腺外科诊治教学中进行探究。