Educational Research for Policy and Practice in Japan – With Particular Reference to Youth Education

Based upon the Fundamental Law of Education, Japanese school education system has long been a source of pride for the country as a result of the high school participation rate, the homogeneity of compulsory education throughout the country. However, the confidence of the people in its schools is now showing severe signs of strain and fatigue. In recent years, there have been many reports about the growing seriousness of a number of educational problems having to do with young people in their childhood and adolescence. Since the mid-1970s, a number of problems have been highlighted. They include violent behavior, juvenile crimes, bullying, refusal to attend school, dropping out at secondary level of education, and corporal punishment. Against the above background, based on recommendations from such advisory bodies as the Central Council for Education and the National Commission on Education Reform, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) has adopted a range of policies and launched a series of educational reform programmes. For instance, what is called “Rainbow Plan”, based on the final report submitted by the National Commission on Education Reform, provides the country with basic guidelines for the educational reform in the near future. Roles of educational research for making policies have been of significance. Research initiated by the National Institute for Educational Policy Research (NIER) and the National Federation of Educational Policy Research Institutes (NFERI) is an example of contributions to the development of educational qualities in the country. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

呼叫中心在远程教育中的应用——以阿萨巴斯卡大学和中央广播电视大学为例

呼叫中心不仅在电信业、银行业、保险业以及新兴的信息技术产业中有着广泛的应用,在远程教育中利用呼叫中心也能提高学生支持服务的质量。本重点介绍了阿萨巴斯卡大学的呼叫中心与中央广播电视大学远程接待中心,试图为我国远程教育呼叫中心的建设提供一些启示。     

基于空间认知的“丝绸之路经济带”耕地利用模式

通过耕地利用模式的遥感动态监测,认知丝绸之路核心带中亚五国与我国新疆地区的农业发展现状,同时结合两地水资源禀赋特征,总结耕地扩张过快、农业结构失衡是该地区农业发展存在的主要问题,也是区域生态环境恶化的主要根源。结合中亚与新疆水资源禀赋不足且空间分布不均、但天然草场丰富的特点,提出以流域为单元,水资源约束下的控制耕地规模、调整种植结构、积极发展高端畜牧业与精品瓜果业的发展思路,从而为"丝绸之路经济带"核心区的发展提供宝贵的水资源支撑。     

Three universities in Georgia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan: the struggle against corruption and for social cohesion

Universities may contribute to a nation’s social cohesion through both direct and indirect means. In their syllabi they may include techniques necessary for understanding complex social problems. Faculty may model good behaviour in terms of listening and understanding points of view that may contradict their own. University administrators may illustrate ways to lead honourably, which can enhance the chances for achieving consensus with respect to future dilemmas. This project assessed typical areas of university tension, including academic freedom, equity of participation and academic honesty. Three different universities were chosen as sites for faculty interviews—a foreign private university in Kyrgyzstan, a flagship state university in Georgia, and a regional teacher training college recently upgraded to university status in Northeast Kazakhstan. Results suggest that the single most important arena wherein universities can influence social cohesion in these countries is the manner by which they address education corruption. The paper reproduces the statements of those faculty members who participate in corruption as well as those who refuse to participate. It concludes with some predictions about the future of the relationship of higher education to social cohesion.

2010年中亚五国外交新变化

2010年中亚地缘政治形势主要有三大变化:俄美在中亚再次出现协调一致的情况;中国与中亚国家之间的经济联系达到历史最高点;中亚国家的分化趋势越来越明显.2010年中亚五国各自寻求加强与大国、特别是加强与西方国家之间的关系,以平衡俄罗斯在中亚的影响.与此同时,中亚国家在对俄方向上继续维持双边关系的稳定发展.在对华关系上,中亚五国积极发展双边经济合作,寻求中国的经济支持.大部分中亚国家之间的关系不但没有改善,反而进一步恶化.文章聚焦于2010年中亚五国外交,通过分析中亚地缘政治形势以及中亚五国外交的变化,旨在探寻中亚五国外交变化的内在规律,并对2011年中亚五国外交的走向做出预测.     

论中国中亚经贸合作与我国地缘经济安全的关系

中国与中亚的经贸合作能够对地缘经济安全产生正反两方面影响,并将通过传导作用影响我国整体经济安全。在经济全球化的背景下,文章深入分析中国与中亚经贸合作的总量问题与结构问题,全面认识中国中亚经贸合作与我国地缘经济安全的关系,对于加强双方的经贸合作、维护国家经济安全具有较强的现实意义。     

中原文化与高校校园文化建设

在新的社会形势下,我国高校校园文化建设面临诸多问题和挑战,中原文化作为中国传统文化的代表,对大学生民族精神的重塑、爱国主义情怀及高尚道德修养的培养发挥着重要作用。因此,今后我国高校校园文化建设可以以中原文化为引领,在把握校园文化思想内涵的基础上,从物质文化、制度文化和精神文化三方面加以重视和引导。     

Indigenizing Education and the Phenomenology of Place

In this essay Justin Pack responds to Vine Deloria, Jr., and Daniel Wildcat's call to “indigenize education” by exploring what that entails both in his own life and for his teaching. Recognizing the power of place in Native American metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics is essential to the project of indigenizing education, according to Pack. He recounts how reading Deloria and Wildcat's Power and Place: Indian Education in America as a graduate student radically changed his perception of and relation to place, instilling in him the insight that knowing the history of a place is key to gaining a sense of one's connection to place. This realization, in turn, influenced Pack's approach to teaching. He came to understand that passing his changed perception and experience of place along to his students helped their development of critical thinking skills by exposing them to a metaphysics radically different from Western epistemology and ethics and by opening a path for them to recover a deeper sense of what it means to be in a place. Ultimately, Pack's aim in the essay is to demonstrate the potential for teaching Native American philosophy to function as a disruptive force in the classroom.     

中共八大前后党对农业发展道路的探索

中国共产党第八次全国代表大会前后,以毛泽东为核心的党中央领导集体,在深刻总结建国以来我国农业生产实践,并以苏联等东欧国家农业发展经验教训为镜鉴的基础上,对我国农业发展道路进行了多方面探索。具体包括:对以粮棉为主导、兼顾副业的农业发展模式的探索,对生产资料所有制与生产责任制问题的探索,对利用经济规律发展农业的探索,及对工农业关系的积极探索等。这些理论与实践极大地推动了当时农业经济的发展。     

中央苏区时期毛泽东的民生思想探源

中央苏区时期毛泽东对民生问题的思考、有关论述以及践行蕴含了极为丰富的民生思想。尽管这一思想是以后才明确丰富起来的,但在中央苏区时期就显出其雏形。它的产生有着深厚的历史、理论和实践渊源：以我国传统文化中的民本思想为历史之源;以马克思主义唯物史观为理论之源;以科学总结我国革命斗争经验为实践之源。