优秀运动员皮艇K1-500 m加速阶段的速度构成研究

运用两台高速摄像机,对2005年全国皮划艇春季冠军赛中参加单人皮艇500m决赛的36名优秀男、女运动员的启航加速阶段进行跟踪扫描录像分析。结果显示:启航加速能力男子A(前1~9名)、B(前10~18名)2组无统计学意义,女子A、B组则有非常显著性差异;启航阶段男子A组的拉桨效果优于B组;女子A组桨频高于B组,B组启航时间和总成绩高度正相关;其余3组无统计相关意义。提示,启航阶段以提高每桨的划水效果获取艇速增加的技术更符合现代优秀运动员体能结构经济有效分配模式的技术要求。     

网球运动不同击球技术摄氧量和心率反应研究

目的:为研究网球运动不同击球技术的摄氧量和心率变化特点,为网球运动的发展、运动训练及其能量消耗的评估提供理论依据.方法:利用间接测热仪器(cosmedK4b2)对21名受试者分别在低球速(30 km/h)、高球速(60 km/h)各进行一次时常2分钟的原地正手击球、原地反手击球、侧向移动正手击球、侧向移动反手击球、上前正手击球(只在低速进行)、上前反手击球(只在低速进行)、侧向移动正反手交替击球,对其VO2和心率进行监测.结果:结果显示VO2值在25.8-37.4 mL·kg-1·min-1之间,HR在83.6-157.2次/min之间;结论:在没有移动和向侧移动时,正手击球的VO2明显低于反手击球;侧向移动击球的VO2明显高于向前移动击球和侧向移动正反手交替击球;高球速下击球比低球速下击球的VO2更高.     

国际大赛中男女皮艇运动员划桨节奏的比较研究

采用现场摄影法,比较世界杯赛中男女皮艇运动员的桨频和划桨节奏。结果显示：男桨手左右两侧的桨频比较和女桨手左右两侧的桨频比较均无差异;大赛中实际应用时两侧计算桨频无差异。动作节奏上．男桨手左右两侧和女桨手右侧无差异;只有女桨手左侧与前三者有差异,可能是女子两侧专项素质发展及技术完善的同步性不如男子。男桨手提高桨频可能靠减少回桨时间而女桨手靠减少拉桨时间获得;高桨频时男桨手容易保持水中效果而女桨手容易丢失效果。     

Study of clinical features of amyloid angiopathy hemorrhage and hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

Objective: The purpose of this study was to differentiate between cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and hypertension (HTN) based on hemorrhage pattern interpretation. Methods: From June 1994 to Oct., 2000, 83 patients admitted to our service with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were investigated retrospectively; 41 patients with histologically proven diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiography and 42 patients with clear history of hypertension were investigated. Results: Patients with a CAA-related ICH were significantly older than patients with a HTN-related ICH (74.0years vs 66.5 years, P＜0.05). There was a significantly higher number ofhematomas≥30 ml in CAA (85.3%) when compared with HTN (59.5%). No basal ganglional hemorrhage was seen in CAA, but in 40.5% in HTN. In CAA-related ICH, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was seen in 26 patients (63.4%) compared to only 11 patients (26.2%) in HTN-related ICH.Intraventricular hemorrhage was seen in 24.4% in CAA, and in 26.2% in HTN. Typical features of CAA-related ICH included lobar distribution affecting mainly the lobar superficial areas, lobulated appearance, rupture into the subarachnoid space, and secondary IVH from the lobar hemorrhage. More specifically, multiplicity of hemorrhage, bilaterality, and repeated episodes also strongly suggest the diagnosis of CAA. Multiple hemorrhages, defined as 2 or more separate hematomas in multiple lobes, accounted for 17.1% in CAA-related ICH. Conclusion: There are certain features in CAA on CT and MRI and in clinical settings. To some extent, these features may contribute to distinguishing CAA from HTN related ICH.     

汉字笔画数对中度智力落后学生字形识别影响的研究

通过实验探讨了汉字的笔画数对中度智力落后学生字形识别的影响,结果表明:在不同的实验条件下笔画数对中度智力落后学生汉字字形识别具有不同的影响;熟悉度对中度智力落后学生汉字字形识别具有影响。     

脑瘫儿童攻击性行为的个案研究

本研究以积极行为支持为理论基础,选取一名具有攻击性行为问题的脑瘫儿童作为研究对象,采用观察法和访谈法收集资料,使用功能评估的方法进行分析,并在此基础上对儿童的攻击性行为问题提出功能性假设,制定并实施初步的干预方案,最终取得了良好的干预效果。     

A deterministic model based on evidence for the associations between kinematic variables and sprint kayak performance

The aim of this narrative review was to propose a deterministic model based on a review of previous research documenting the evidence for the associations between average kayak velocity and kinematic variables in sprint kayaking. Literature was reviewed after searching electronic databases using key words ‘kayak,’ ‘biomechanics,’ ‘velocity,’ ‘kinematics,’ and ‘performance.’ Our kinematic deterministic model for sprint kayaking performance shows that the average kayak velocity is determined by kayak stroke displacement and stroke time. Stroke time had the strongest correlation with 200-m race time (r = 0.86, p < 0.001), and stroke rate (inversely proportional to stroke time) was strongly correlated with average horizontal velocity over two consecutive strokes at race pace (r = ? 0.83, p < 0.05). Increased stroke rate via decreased absolute water phase time and increased relative water phase time were indicative of more elite performance. There was no significant relationship between stroke displacement and velocity; however, a large decrease in stroke displacement may be detrimental to performance. Individual characteristics may be responsible for a paddlers’ ability to achieve and sustain a given stroke rate. Coaches should theoretically focus interventions on increasing stroke rate while maintaining stroke displacement; however this hypothesis should be confirmed with prospective studies.     

就《笔顺规范化问题研究》一文与易洪川先生商榷

针对易洪川先生《笔顺规范化问题研究》一文中提出的"强调‘一个汉字只有一种写字笔顺’,确实不大合时宜;对于有多种写字笔顺的汉字应该而且可以多开门"两个观点的论据逐一提出质疑和商榷。     

老年脑卒中患者生活质量的现状与康复护理干预

采用随机抽样法获取老年脑卒中患者80例作为研究对象,将其随机分为干预组与对照组。探讨老年脑卒中患者生活质量的现状与康复护理干预。结果表明,康复护理干预方法优于传统护理方法,有助于提高老年脑卒中患者本人和家属对健康的认识及健康价值水平,促进老年脑卒中患者掌握有效的康复训练方法,改善老年脑卒中患者的运动、语言、认知和其它受损的功能,使其在精神、心理和社会上再适应,提高生活质量。     

论油画笔触的嬗变与审美特征

笔触作为绘画形式语言,它承载色彩,塑造形象,是展现画家个性、气质、修养、内涵最直接的反映。界定概念和说明笔触在东西方油画艺术领域的发展演变是研究笔触独立审美价值的基础。笔触的审美特征具体表现为风格美、力度美、肌理美和精神美等。通过分析笔触发展嬗变与时代审美,及其艺术发展的自律性特征,研究笔触的价值和意义将促进油画语言的本体回归,兑现出笔触独立的审美内涵。