通过实验教学培养学生的观察能力

感觉是学生认识的起点,要让学生学会思维就必须培养学生敏锐的观察能力,观察能力不是单一的知觉感知,而是诸多因素综合性的智力过程.在中学化学实验中,实验、观察和思维始终是紧密相联的.化学实验中学生的观察能力是指学生观察实验过程及现象,获得生动的感性认识,然后积极思维,把观察到的感性材料进行分析、概括、归纳,上升为理性认识,可见观察能力对发展学生智力起着重大作用.本文谈谈在实验教学中是如何培养学生观察能力的.     

Assessment methods in medical education

Since the 1950s, there has been rapid and extensive change in the way assessment is conducted in medical education. Several new methods of assessment have been developed and implemented over this time and they have focused on clinical skills (taking a history from a patient and performing a physical examination), communication skills, procedural skills, and professionalism. In this paper, we provide examples of performance-based assessments in medical education, detailing the benefits and challenges associated with different approaches. While advances in psychometric theory and technology have been paralleled by the development of assessment instruments that improve the evaluation of these skills, additional research is needed, particularly if the assessment is used to make high stake decisions (e.g., promotion and licensure).     

提高数学教学的有效性——基于教研组的课堂观察行动研究

教师个体的教学反思往往很难全面.以教研组为载体,通过"课堂观察"行动研究的实践探索,运用课前会议、课中观察、课后会议,借助观察点、观察量表定量反馈等具体措施,改进教学设计,提出走向专业研课、提高课堂教学有效性的途径.     

培养学生看图写话能力的措施探讨

在语文教学中,教师要重视看图写话训练,通过看图写话训练培养学生的观察能力、想象能力和语言表达能力等。有效开展看图写话训练的策略包括:让学生在看图写话训练中学会观察,学会联想,学会表达自己的感想,培养学生的语言文字运用能力,看图写话训练必须贴近学生的生活实际,必须与教材相结合。     

Assessment of pedagogical practices and processes in low and middle income countries: Findings from secondary school classrooms in Uganda

This article outlines the development and validation of a classroom observation instrument for use in low and middle income countries. The Teacher Instructional Practices and Processes Systemⓒ (TIPPS) was designed to be a rigorous research instrument as well as a practical feedback tool. Based on data from 197 Ugandan secondary schools, we were successful in assessing the quality of instructional practices and classroom processes in this context. The results reveal a 3-factor structure, good rater reliability, and concurrent validity with in biology, English, and mathematics scores. Strengths and limitations as well as future directions of the study are discussed.     

“临床技能学”国家精品资源共享课建设的探索与实践

国家精品资源共享课是对原有国家精品课程的转型与升级。课程通过现代信息技术构建适合于网络椽笔的共享系统,向高校师生和社会学习者提供优质教育资源服务。文章结合“临床技能学”资源共享课的建设经验,从课程沿革、课程建设目标、课程内容及资源建设、师资队伍建设以及课程管理建设几方面探讨国家精品资源共享课的有效途径。     

中医药治疗CAG癌前病变临床研究进展

目前临床及病理研究报道证实,中医药可以逆转或阻断胃癌癌前病变,使中药预防胃癌成为可能。文章从中医病因病机、辨证论治、实验模型研究、中医药治疗机制的研究以及分子水平研究方面论述了近10年来中医药治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变的研究进展。     

影响“亚洲水塔”的水汽输送过程

青藏高原及其周边区域被誉为"亚洲水塔",过去50年的全球变暖加速了整个"亚洲水塔"的水循环过程。文章从气候态、长期变化和年际变率的角度,总结了当前对影响"亚洲水塔"的关键水汽输送过程及其机理的理解。在此基础上,指出要厘清影响"亚洲水塔"的水循环过程,亟待深入理解水塔的水汽输送过程的时空变化特征和机制及其影响。为此,需要从观测、诊断、动力学机理、检测归因和数值模拟5个方面加强未来的研究工作。     

整体护理教学中音乐疗法的双重效应

随着医疗护理模式的转变,高等护理教育模式也要发生相应的改变,音乐疗法作为心理护理的重要手段,与护理教学相结合,拓宽教师和学生的护理视野,使学生在提高音乐素养的基础上将音乐疗法应用于临床护理,提高护理的质量、品味、效能.