民事权利司法救济中的"审执分离"

“审执分离”是各国普遍奉行的司法原则。在我国,由于没有单独的民事强制执行立法、执行机构地位不明确、执行人员不独立和执行裁判权与执行实施权事实上不分等原因,造成“审执分离”改革不彻底。应制定民事强制执行法,奠定审执分离的立法基础;对执行机构进行改革,从执行体制上实行“审执分离”;要建立专业的执行队伍。     

教育政策执行难的利益分析--以北京市流动儿童义务教育政策实施为例

在北京市流动儿童义务教育政策执行过程中,不同政策执行主体存在着不同的利益选择。从地方政府来看,维护地方利益和部门利益是其政策行为的重要价值依据。从学校来看,保证优质生源、确保教学质量是其应对政策的基本立场。从家长来看,生存需要第一,教育需要第二是其考量政策的根本出发点。这些不同利益选择所造成的张力大大削弱了政策执行的力度和效果,不利于流动儿童就学问题的有效解决。     

Organization of biomedical data for collaborative scientific research: A research information management system

Biomedical researchers often work with massive, detailed and heterogeneous datasets. These datasets raise new challenges of information organization and management for scientific interpretation, as they demand much of the researchers’ time and attention. The current study investigated the nature of the problems that researchers face when dealing with such data. Four major problems identified with existing biomedical scientific information management methods were related to data organization, data sharing, collaboration, and publications. Therefore, there is a compelling need to develop an efficient and user-friendly information management system to handle the biomedical research data. This study evaluated the implementation of an information management system, which was introduced as part of the collaborative research to increase scientific productivity in a research laboratory. Laboratory members seemed to exhibit frustration during the implementation process. However, empirical findings revealed that they gained new knowledge and completed specified tasks while working together with the new system. Hence, researchers are urged to persist and persevere when dealing with any new technology, including an information management system in a research laboratory environment.     

Applying ‘what works’ in psychology to enhancing examination success in schools: The potential contribution of NLP

The strengths and weaknesses of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) are described with reference to its origins, previous research and comments from critics and supporters. A case is made for this allegedly theoretical approach to provide the kind of outcomes focused intervention that psychology and psychologists can offer to schools. In particular, NLP includes a range of techniques that can be “given away” to teachers and students faced with examination pressures. The implication of such techniques with sixth form (Year 13) students in one secondary school in the South West of England is described and evaluated in terms of student comments on their helpfulness. The case is made for NLP as empowering some students to overcome exam anxiety and other related difficulties. A cyclical eight stage model is proposed for the application of NLP which is considered to offer the most likely effective learning outcomes.     

综合档案馆知识服务及其实现策略研究

在知识经济时代,综合档案馆不应仅担负着保存档案、被动地向用户提供档案利用的职责,而应以满足用户知识需求为中心主动提供知识服务。文章从综合档案馆知识服务的相关概念出发,分析了开展知识服务的动因、依据以及面临的障碍和解决路径,最后基于档案馆知识服务的整体思路、知识服务系统结构模型以及知识服务流程阐述了档案馆知识服务的实现策略。     

动态插入数据在ASP.NET应用程序开发中的应用研究

动态插入数据是ASP.NET 应用程序开发人员经常遇到的问题,成功的关键在于设计正确的逻辑思路。文章结合实例在逻辑思路的设计与实现方面进行了研究。     

基于三维目标的“数字化学习”课程学习活动设计与实施研究

大学一年级是大学生在学习观念、学习方式等方面实现转变的关键期。帮助大学生顺利地实现过渡是后续课程教学效果的有利保障。文章在对大学生适应不良状况进行分析的基础上,以发展的视角,从知识和技能、过程和方法、情感态度价值观三个目标维度对本院教育技术学专业大一第二学期开设的"数字化学习"课程的学习活动进行了设计,并对学习活动的实施效果进行分析。     

教育政策执行中基层官员的决策困境——X省A小学撤并过程的案例研究

基层官员在政策执行过程中需要将抽象的政策文本或者指示转换为具体的行为。在这个过程中,基层官员需要在各种情景中与不同的政策利益相关者交互,政策执行其实成为政策＂再制定＂,当然此过程也充满了矛盾。本研究借助李普斯基及普罗塔斯提出的三种困境理论,分析了X省A小学被撤并过程中基层官员面临的决策困境。     

The importance of doing well in whatever you do: A commentary on the special section, “Implementation research in early childhood education”

This commentary on the special section, “Implementation research in early childhood education,” discusses 10 major conclusions drawn from implementation research and 7 additional issues needing clarification. Some major conclusions are that: (1) the level of implementation achieved can have a strong influence on program outcomes, (2) implementation is a multi-dimensional construct, (3) adaptation occurs frequently and may improve outcomes, and (4) many factors present across multiple ecological levels can affect the implementation process. Some of the major issues needing attention in future research involve determining what are the best ways to (1) measure the multiple aspects of implementation, (2) evaluate the relative importance of factors affecting implementation, and (3) clarify which participant characteristics may influence the relationship between implementation and different outcomes.     

Implementation fidelity of MyTeachingPartner literacy and language activities: Association with preschoolers’ language and literacy growth

There is surprisingly little empirical research examining issues of fidelity of implementation within the early childhood education literature. In the MyTeachingPartner project, 154 teachers were provided with materials to implement a supplemental classroom curriculum addressing six aspects of literacy and language development. The present study examines the degree of variability in three aspects of implementation fidelity – dosage, adherence, and quality of delivery – and whether these components of fidelity were associated with children's growth in language and literacy skills across the preschool year. Findings indicate that teachers reported using the curriculum fairly often (dosage) and that they were observed to generally follow curricular lesson plans (adherence). In contrast, the quality of delivery, defined as the use of evidence-based teacher–child interactions for teaching literacy and language, was much lower. Children in classrooms in which activities were observed to last for longer (dosage) and in which teachers exhibited higher quality of delivery of literacy lessons made significantly greater gains in early literacy skills across the preschool year. Also, teachers’ use of higher quality language interactions was associated with gains for children who did not speak English at home. Results have implications for teacher professional development and the supports provided to ensure that curricula are delivered most effectively.