动物种群的进化策略

动物种群在自然选择过程中，经历长期对生态环境的适应，分别形成r-种和k-种，以及r-k策略连续系统，动物种群在消耗环境容量值K／2时，出现最大增长率，这一规律在现实生产、生活中的应用研究。     

基于投入产出法的制造业间R&D溢出效应测算及比较

通过产业间R&D溢出效应测算方法的比较,选择投入产出法对产业研发活动的总受益者效应、总贡献者效应和产业间溢出效应加以度量,利用2002年、2005年、2007年的投入产出系数和R&D经费支出统计数据测算了我国制造业间的R&D溢出效应,并对测算结果进行了比较分析,结果表明:从横向对比看,轻纺制造业和资源加工业的产业间受益者效应较为明显,机械电子业对其他产业贡献较大;在时序特征上,各制造业间的溢出效应在不断发生变化,但具有一定稳定性。上述结论有望为政府优化科研经费投向,动态调整科研经费投入结构提供理论依据。     

数学与企业创新

国家的创新发展与数学密不可分,其中应用数学的发展主要由国家需求驱动,具体体现在科学发现、国防建设和企业创新方面。现阶段我国经济已进入创新驱动发展时期,企业作为国家经济活动的主要参与者,其创新发展离不开数学的支持。对于如何通过数学来促进企业创新,文章提出了更好地"提出问题"、更好地"解决问题"、更好地"反馈效果"和更好地"评价成果"4个需要重视的方面。最后,对数学促进企业创新的前景和重要意义进行了展望。     

知识产权环境与区域创新——金融发展的调节作用

综合考虑知识产权制度体系、服务体系和知识产权意识等因素,探索从金融发展的视角研究知识产权环境与区域创新的关系。利用我国31个省份2012—2019年的面板数据,用固定效应模型开展直接效应、间接传导、异质性传导机制分析,实证探究知识产权环境对区域创新的影响路径。结果表明,知识产权环境的优劣与区域创新产出有明显的正相关性,金融发展在知识产权环境对区域创新的直接和中介效应中存在明显的调节效应,改善知识产权环境可以增强金融对研发投入的促进作用,同时抑制金融对实体经济的挤出效应;相较于中、西部地区,知识产权环境改善对东部地区创新产出水平的提升作用较小。根据研究结果,从完善知识产权制度和知识产权服务体系以及树立知识产权意识3个方面提出对策建议。     

The Seljuk Sultanate of Rūm and the Turkmen of the Byzantine frontier, 1206–1279*

This article examines the frontier between the Seljuk Sultanate of Rūm and its Byzantine neighbours in the thirteenth century, concentrating on the place of these frontier districts within the Seljuk state. Scholarship on the frontier, influenced by the ideas of Paul Wittek, has seen it as something of a “no man's land”, politically, economically, culturally and religiously distinct from the urban heartland of the Seljuk sultanate in central Anatolia, dominated by the nomadic Turks, the Turkmen, who operated largely beyond sultanic control. It is often thought that the Seljuk and Greek sides of the border shared more in common with each other than they did with the states of which they formed a part. In contrast, this article argues that in fact the western frontier regions were closely integrated into the Seljuk sultanate. Furthermore, with the Mongol domination of the Seljuk sultanate in the second half of the thirteenth century, the Seljuk and Mongol elites became increasingly involved in this frontier region, where some of the leading figures of the sultanate had estates and endowments.     

The Byzantines and Saladin: Some Further Arguments

This is the second of two articles by the same author arguing against the thesis that there was a conspiracy between the Byzantine emperors and Saladin, sultan of Egypt and Syria, against the crusader states and the Third Crusade in the 1180s. While the focus of the first article was primarily on the Latin sources, the present study shifts the focus to the Arabic primary material, hitherto largely neglected or inadequately treated by modern historians. Through a critical re-examination and re-interpretation of the Arabic sources, backed by the introduction and discussion of new Latin material when necessary, this article presents expanded arguments on the relations between the Byzantine Empire, the Sultanate of Konya and Saladin in the 1180s. The conclusions lend further support to the view that the Byzantine rulers and Saladin never concluded an alliance against the Latin settlers of Outremer and the Third Crusade.     

The De Kretser case: a note on Sri Lankan writing in English

Abstract

How is the content of a literary canon, or tradition to be configured? What counts as a literary archive? More than 25 years after Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978 Said, W. Edward. 1978. Orientalism, New York: Vintage.  [Google Scholar]), it seems reasonable to assume, that central to such traditions, would be the work of those who live and work in the society that gives rise to it. In this review, such a location of Michele de Kretser’s new novel, The Hamilton Case, is offered, as a caution to metropolitan literary critics who continue to approach Sri Lankan writing in English, as Christopher Columbus approached ‘America’. It is argued that the novel owes much to, and can be read as echoing and elaborating the detective fiction of S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike, who was, also, the fourth Prime Minister of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), 1956–59.     

The Will to Be Unveiled: Sufi Autobiographies in Classical Sufism

While autobiography as a special genre increasingly occupies an important position in modern scholarship, independent Sufi autobiographies still require additional and detailed examination. The current paper seeks to examine two spiritual autobiographies known very well in the history of Sufism: Al-?akīm al-Tirmidhī's Bad? sha?n, and Rūzbihān al-Baqlī's Kashf al-asrār. References to these works in modern research do not go beyond the assumption that they may represent visionary autobiographies, dreams, and mystical, extraordinary experiences and states. In the framework of this paper, we consider it essential to regard both texts as serious indicators of different realities, contexts, and mystic discourses.     

Application of the Levenshtein Distance Metric for the Construction of Longitudinal Data Files

The analysis of longitudinal data in education is becoming more prevalent given the nature of testing systems constructed for No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). However, constructing the longitudinal data files remains a significant challenge. Students move into new schools, but in many cases the unique identifiers (ID) that should remain constant for each student change. As a result, different students frequently share the same ID, and merging records for an ID that is erroneously assigned to different students clearly becomes problematic. In small data sets, quality assurance of the merge can proceed through human reviews of the data to ensure all merged records are properly joined. However, in data sets with hundreds of thousands of cases, quality assurance via human review is impossible. While the record linkage literature has many applications in other disciplines, the educational measurement literature lacks details of formal protocols that can be used for quality assurance procedures for longitudinal data files. This article presents an empirical quality assurance procedure that may be used to verify the integrity of the merges performed for longitudinal analysis. We also discuss possible extensions that would permit merges to occur even when unique identifiers are not available.