论汉民族成为世界第一大民族的因素

汉民族成为世界第一大民族的因素颇多,其中最主要的因素是：巩固的地域和稳定的经济生活：强烈的民族意识和强大的民族凝聚力：悠久发达的历史文化。     

我国商业银行存款业务内部控制的经验分析

存款业务是商业银行的一项重要业务,特别对我国商业银行而言更具有重要的现实意义,因此,存款业务的内部控制是我国商业银行内部控制的一项重要内容。因子分析可以对我国商业银行的存款业务内部控制体系给予实证检验,从而揭示了我国商业银行存款业务内部控制过程中存在的若干现实性问题。     

企业管理会计变革理论模型研究综述

对当前国外有关企业管理会计变革的理论模型进行了回顾,并将这些理论模型概括为过程模型、要素模型和路径模型三类,它们从不同的角度揭示了企业管理会计变革的本质和过程。在回顾的基础上还进行了评述,指出了研究中的一致性结论及当前研究受到的局限。     

运用“PDCA”循环法提高外语教学质量

影响外语教学质量的五大因素:人的因素、教学设备的因素、教材的因素、方法的因素,环境的因素。运用"PDCA"循环法,是提高外语教学质量的有效途径。     

Testing Measurement Invariance Across Unobserved Groups: The Role of Covariates in Factor Mixture Modeling

Factor mixture modeling (FMM) has been increasingly used to investigate unobserved population heterogeneity. This study examined the issue of covariate effects with FMM in the context of measurement invariance testing. Specifically, the impact of excluding and misspecifying covariate effects on measurement invariance testing and class enumeration was investigated via Monte Carlo simulations. Data were generated based on FMM models with (1) a zero covariate effect, (2) a covariate effect on the latent class variable, and (3) covariate effects on both the latent class variable and the factor. For each population model, different analysis models that excluded or misspecified covariate effects were fitted. Results highlighted the importance of including proper covariates in measurement invariance testing and evidenced the utility of a model comparison approach in searching for the correct specification of covariate effects and the level of measurement invariance. This approach was demonstrated using an empirical data set. Implications for methodological and applied research are discussed.     

Incorporating Uncertainty Into Parallel Analysis for Choosing the Number of Factors via Bayesian Methods

A number of psychometricians have suggested that parallel analysis (PA) tends to yield more accurate results in determining the number of factors in comparison with other statistical methods. Nevertheless, all too often PA can suggest an incorrect number of factors, particularly in statistically unfavorable conditions (e.g., small sample sizes and low factor loadings). Because of this, researchers have recommended using multiple methods to make judgments about the number of factors to extract. Implicit in this recommendation is that, when the number of factors is chosen based on PA, uncertainty nevertheless exists. We propose a Bayesian parallel analysis (B-PA) method to incorporate the uncertainty with decisions about the number of factors. B-PA yields a probability distribution for the various possible numbers of factors. We implement and compare B-PA with a frequentist approach, revised parallel analysis (R-PA), in the contexts of real and simulated data. Results show that B-PA provides relevant information regarding the uncertainty in determining the number of factors, particularly under conditions with small sample sizes, low factor loadings, and less distinguishable factors. Even if the indicated number of factors with the highest probability is incorrect, B-PA can show a sizable probability of retaining the correct number of factors. Interestingly, when the mode of the distribution of the probabilities associated with different numbers of factors was treated as the number of factors to retain, B-PA was somewhat more accurate than R-PA in a majority of the conditions.     

Measuring children’s perceived cost of school science: Instrument development and psychometric evaluation

This investigation addresses the need for valid and reliable instruments that contribute to understanding the factors that lead to the rejection of science-related studies. We discuss the theoretical and methodological limitations of published attitudes toward science questionnaires and describe the development and validation of a short instrument rooted in the cost construct of the expectancy-value model of achievement motivation. We collected data from a sample of six hundred thirty-two 5^th and 6^th (M_age = 10.87; SD = .76) elementary students in Spain. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a parsimonious structure measuring loss of valued alternatives and task effort ​cost. Further psychometric evaluation displayed evidence for convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Likewise, the reliability was acceptable for both three-item scales. These findings support the proposed instrument to measure barriers experienced by Spanish children when studying school science.     

关于我国企业成长影响因素的实证分析

2006年夏我们对近200家企业进行了问卷调查。调查发现,在影响我国企业成长的诸多因素中,组织与管理水平、政策与环境、人力资源与企业文化建设、技术创新四者的影响在不同所有制、不同行业、不同成长阶段、不同规模的企业中,既皆是不可轻视的,但又是极不相同的。     

我国企业竞争情报系统运作的影响因素分析

本文在实践调查的基础上，按照其发展中不同的典型表现和特点，从系统的完备程度和受关注程度两个方面划分了我国企业竞争情报系统运作的三个阶段，进而探讨了每个阶段中影响系统运作效果的因素。     

基于熵权的大型项目决策影响因素模糊分析

在分析大型社会公共项目决策影响因素的基础上，我们建立了基于熵权的模糊决策分析模型。结合模糊数学和熵的思想，运用多属性决策分析中的双基点法，该模型对大型社会公共项目决策的影响因素进行模糊分析，可为项目开发商分析关键影响因素提供决策参考，有一定的实际应用指导意义。