Numerical Calculation of Concrete Slab Response to Blast Loading

In the present paper, a dynamic plastic damage model for concrete has been employed to estimate responses of a reinforced concrete slab subjected to blast loading. The interaction between the blast wave and the concrete slab is considered in 3D simulation. In the first stage, the initial detonation and blast wave propagation is modelled in 2D simulation before the blast wave reaches the concrete slab, then the results obtained from 2D calculation are remapped to a 3D model. The calculated blast load is compared with that obtained from TM5-1300. Numerical results of the concrete slab response are compared with the explosive test carried out-in the Weapons System Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Department of Defence, Australia.     

医学院校开展“逆向工程与3D打印技术”项目化教学探讨

"逆向工程与3D打印技术"课程的开设,是为了培养医学院校学生的医工结合的能力。以项目为驱动将知识点融入项目中进行教学,采用计算机软件操作、实验设备操作等教学手段,使学生了解医学领域相关的逆向工程和3D打印技术的基本理论知识和实践应用技能,为现代医学培养医工结合的复合型应用人才。     

"十五"期间湖南省中等职业教育资源配置状况分析

“十五”期间,湖南省中等职业教育经费总投入虽有所提高,但增长速度缓慢,保持“个人和政府投入为主、社会投入为辅”的成本分担格局,“三个增长”和“两个比例”完成情况并不理想。因此,地方政府应提高对中等职业教育的认识,加大宣传力度,制定相应的政策和配套措施,进一步完善多元化职业教育投资体制。     

研发驱动内生增长模型中的企业研发行为与政府政策

在研发驱动的内生经济增长理论的框架内,对企业研发竞争行为和政府研发政策的最新研究进展进行了深入探讨,并结合我国产业现状指出政府为产业领先者提供补贴并对新的产业领先企业的利润征税能使社会福利达到最优。     

我国技术知识存量的构成与国际比较研究

根据国外技术知识存量的计算方法,确定了技术知识的陈腐化率和R＆D时间滞后．在此基础上,对我国以自主研究开发和技术引进为主的知识存量的构成进行了实证研究,并从中国技术知识的总量及其占GDP的比重等方面与美国和日本进行了比较分析,提出有效利用外溢技术是近期提高我国技术知识存量重要途径的政策建议。     

The innovative performance of in-house and contracted R&D in terms of patents and utility models

The standard empirical framework for analysing the R&D-patents relationship is widened both by examining the different role of in-house and contracted R&D in the innovative performance of firms, and by considering patents and utility models counts as measures of innovation output. Patents and utility models are considered to approximate for significant and incremental innovations, respectively. Applying count data econometrics to a panel data set of Spanish manufacturing firms surveyed in the period 1990-1996, a transcendental production function is estimated, which allows for non-constant elasticities of the R&D inputs. The results indicate that significant innovations are mainly gestated in-house, whereas contracted R&D seems more orientated towards innovations of incremental nature.     

R&D/产品问题模型对于价格竞争的包容性探讨——价格竞争也是一种数量竞争

R&D/产品问题的文献,都无一例外地在模型中采用了数量竞争(产量作为决策变量)的形式;而现实中市场往往以产品的价格作为第一操作变量进行竞争,或采取更为剧烈的“价格战”。从价格竞争的Cournot均衡模型出发,对模型中的变量进行替换得到产量竞争模型的形式,在这一变换中,并不改变竞争各方非对称的产品替代性和竞争优势,表明这种形式上的转化并没有使原来的产业特性在转变中发生相对改变。进一步对模型中的产品替代性进行讨论,可以说明Bertrand式的价格竞争也可以映射一种数量竞争。     

专利保护和加计扣除政策能够促进私人农业技术创新么？

摘要：专利保护和加计扣除政策是政府保护和激励私人技术创新的重要手段。本文利用2005-2015年间77家农业上市公司公开数据，研究了专利保护和加计扣除政策对私人农业研发投入与研发投入强度的影响。结果表明，专利保护政策并未促进私人农业研发投入或者提高私人研发投入强度，而加计扣除政策则显著提高了私人的研发投入和研发投入强度。通过设置专利保护和加计扣除政策的交互项，发现专利保护的增强削弱了加计扣除政策的溢入效应。本文结论验证了已有的部分研究结论，建议进一步完善专利保护政策，加强加计扣除政策的实施广度和强度，推动国家创新体系建设。     

Relative efficiency of R&D activities: A cross-country study accounting for environmental factors in the DEA approach

This paper applies the production framework associated with the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to evaluate the relative efficiency of R&D activities across countries. R&D capital stocks and manpower are treated as inputs while patents and academic publications are considered as outputs. A three-stage approach, which involves using DEA for evaluating efficiency and using Tobit regressions for controlling the external environment, is applied to 30 countries in recent years. The results show that less than one-half of the countries are fully efficient in R&D activities and that more than two-thirds are at the stage of increasing returns to scale. Most countries have a more significant advantage in producing SCI cum EI publications than in generating patents.