The relationships between step count and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events: A dose–response meta-analysis

BackgroundA goal of 10,000 steps per day is widely advocated, but there is little evidence to support that goal. Our purpose was to examine the dose–response relationships between step count and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease risk.MethodsCochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, OVID, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published before July 9, 2021, that evaluated the association between daily steps and at least 1 outcome.ResultsSixteen publications (12 related to all-cause mortality, 5 related to cardiovascular disease; and 1 article contained 2 outcomes: both all-cause death and cardiovascular events) were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. There was evidence of a nonlinear dose–response relationship between step count and risk of all-cause mortality or cardiovascular disease (p = 0.002 and p = 0.014 for nonlinearity, respectively). When we restricted the analyses to accelerometer-based studies, the third quartile had a 40.36% lower risk of all-cause mortality and a 35.05% lower risk of cardiovascular event than the first quartile (all-cause mortality: Q1 = 4183 steps/day, Q3 = 8959 steps/day; cardiovascular event: Q1 = 3500 steps/day, Q3 = 9500 steps/day; respectively).ConclusionOur meta-analysis suggests inverse associations between higher step count and risk of premature death and cardiovascular events in middle-aged and older adults, with nonlinear dose–response patterns.     

从《龙阳日报》的停刊看印尼华文报业的沧桑

复办一年多的印尼泗水《龙阳日报》因经费拮据已停刊。印尼华人从 2 0世纪初办华文报 ,1 958年达 1 8家 ,此后在当地政府干预下日趋式微 ,1 966年被全部取缔。 1 999年才开始复苏 ,目前有近 1 0家 ,它们的生存发展仍受经费、读者和编辑记者短缺等条件的制约。     

优生素对生长肥育猪饲喂效果的影响

试验分成两个阶段,分别采用32日龄和80日龄的大约克夏猪,设对照组和优生素组,优生素设2个重复,观察记录每组猪的初始重、末重、采食量、腹泻和气喘次数,最后算出日增重、饲料报酬、气喘率和腹泻率.结果表明添加优生素能明显提高猪的生产性能.第Ⅰ阶段两个优生素组的结束平均体重分别比对照组高12.3%和7.7%(P＜0.01),日增重分别比对照组高出12.6%和19.4%(P＜0.01),第Ⅱ阶段两个优生素组平均结束体重分别比对照组提高9.87%和11.20%(P＜0.01),日增重分别提高了11.11%和14.29%(P＜0.05);饲料报酬分别提高了10.27%和14.07%(P＜0.01).     

日粮添加脱毒菜粕对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

将200只1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分成5组,分别饲喂含脱毒菜粕0、5％、10％、15％、20％的日粮进行为期21天的饲养试验。结果表明:在脱毒菜粕的添加量小于15％的情况下,鸡的平均日增重、饲料转化率与对照组(Ⅰ组)相比差异不显著(P>0.05),且生长状况无明显异常;当添加量超过15％时,仔鸡的生产性能比对照组有所下降(P<0.05)。     

民国时期的民营报业--以上海《新闻报》为中心的考察

在民国时期,由于社会的变迁和进步,中国新闻事业有了长足发展,尽管其不平衡性和畸形性也很明显。报纸已成为相当规模的新兴产业,成为金融资本和产业资本的一个投资领域;报业资本家和新闻从业人员已是社会中一个非常重要的群体。文章试图从报业经济学、新闻学、社会史学等方面对其进行考察,力求发现其存在的特点和基本变迁规律。     

电大英语形成性考核存在的问题及解决方案

形成性考核是对学习者学习过程的测评,对学习者的课程学习进行的阶段性考核.本文就电大开放教育英语本科《高级日常英语》形成性考核存在的问题及其相应的解决方案,提出了自己的一些看法,使形成性考核发挥真正的监督、调控教学的作用.     

《南宁日报》广告运营现状分析

本文就《南宁日报》广告运营现状进行了分析。     

明清苏州妇女日常生活变化探析

妇女在传统的封建社会中往往扮演着“足不出户”,“相夫教子”的角色。但是在明清苏州地区的商品经济日益发展的大背景下,她们在日常生活(包括经济生活、社会交往、文化生活)中扮演的角色开始多元化,她们积极参与商业活动,对外的社会交往进一步扩大,文化生活也变得丰富,由此逐步的迈出闺门,跨入社会。     

用"微笑"赢得读者--地州市党报增强亲和力的对策初探

增强亲和力是地州市党报应对媒体竞争的必然选择，也是媒体不断增强核心竞争力的客观要求。作为一个完整的系统来考察，增强地州市党报的亲和力当在理念更新、技术创新和管理升级上作出全面的调适，在确保公信力和影响力的前提下，实现亲和力的最大化。     

A critical review of the Daily Mile programme as a contributor to lifelong physical activity

ABSTRACT

This critical paper investigates one influential post-millennial initiative – the Daily Mile programme – which is designed to promote the multifarious lifelong enhancing benefits of running-based experiences. A textually orientated discourse analysis of the language used in media, policy and research-related documentary sources of evidence are used to critically review the role stakeholders, academics, researchers, civil servants and key individuals played in the development of the Daily Mile programme. Analysis revealed that the Daily Mile is experiencing some difficulty in being in control of its position and development due to the complex influences of multiple stakeholders. In this light, it is recommended that future research studies of the Daily Mile programme need to have the capacity to report their findings in a context where the full range of evidence are presented and where new findings are not re-contextualised and re-positioned in order to satisfy either the research funders’ or the views of politicians associated with the policy making process.