国内外健康医学科学数据管理平台对比分析

基于科学数据管理生命周期理论与科学数据管理能力成熟度模型,从建设基础(政策、经费、技术、团队)及管理过程(数据管理计划、采集标准与流程、描述与元数据、存储与保存、共享与保护、应用与服务)两个维度对比国内外11个健康医学科学数据管理平台的建设实践。调查发现,国内健康医学科学数据管理政策不够完善,缺少保障健康医学数据安全及个人隐私的法规;平台提供的服务强调健康医学科学数据存储,而对数据管理与共享的支持不足。基于国外成熟经验,本文从完善激励机制与数据政策、扩大经费来源、增强技术创新、保护数据安全和促进数据共享、深化服务内容5个方面对国内健康医学科学数据管理平台提出建议。     

隐私保护自我效能对社交网络用户隐私行为的影响研究

[目的/意义]数据泄露事件频频发生,越来越多的社交网络用户对自己隐私保护行为的有效性产生了质疑,甚至因此放弃对隐私信息的保护策略。本文试图从隐私保护自我效能的角度,探寻社交网络用户放弃隐私保护行为的原因。[方法/过程]通过对自我效能相关文献的梳理,引入隐私疲劳作为中介变量,建立结构方程模型,通过问卷调查法获取数据进行分析。[结果/结论]社交网络用户的隐私保护自我效能并不能直接对其隐私保护脱离行为产生影响,需要通过完全中介变量隐私疲劳来产生间接影响。不同来源的隐私保护自我效能会产生不同的影响。     

Data management maturity assessment of public sector agencies

To determine how critical data assets are conceptualized and managed in the public sector, we conducted a large-scale empirical study at 15 government agencies. We use the Data Management Maturity (DMM) reference model framework to conduct a systematic multi-level analysis (inter-agency, intra-agency, and cross-case analysis). To aid the comparative assessment of multiple independent agencies, we propose and test the DMM Index. The study not only examines the maturity of data management practices in government agencies, but also provides guidance on how an enterprise-wide, systematic assessment may be conducted. The approach presented in the paper can be replicated at other large government entities and private conglomerates. Public and private sector agencies may apply the approach to develop custom roadmaps for data management improvements that align with the organization's business goals.     

Explaining Privacy Control on Instagram and Twitter: The Roles of Narcissism and Self-Esteem

A growing body of research examines the relationships between psychological traits and privacy behaviors on Social Networking Sites (SNSs) to understand why users control information about themselves. This study investigates how narcissism and self-esteem can explain tendencies to control privacy on two widely used platforms: Instagram and Twitter. Data from an online survey (n = 510) are analyzed using linear mixed models. The exhibitionism component of narcissism tends to be associated with less privacy control on SNSs, i.e., profiles that are publicly accessible. Conversely, the superiority component of narcissism and self-esteem are associated with more privacy control. Across platforms, as self-esteem increases, the likelihood of having public settings on Instagram is significantly lower than on Twitter. The findings are discussed in the context of the different affordances that the two platforms present users with. The results indicate that privacy behaviors may be tied to relatively stable personality traits, suggesting that even as technologies and social norms with regard to privacy change, behaviors that limit the number of people to which individuals disclose personal information may remain the same.     

数字校园中的数据交换平台设计

数字化校园建设是一个复杂的系统工程,面对的一个现实问题就是需要在不同业务系统之间实现数据集成与交换。本文基于海军工程大学网络综合应用平台项目的建设经验,提出了数字校园数据交换平台的体系结构,并对应用适配器、数据交换引擎、Web服务器等关键技术进行了设计和实现。     

Kinetic analysis of γ-glutamyltransferase reaction process for measuring activity via an integration strategy at low concentrations of γ-glutamyl p-nitroaniline

At 0.12 mmol/L γ-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. For the improved integrated method, an integrated rate equation, which used the predictor variable of reaction time and considered inhibitions by both GGPNA and products, was nonlinearly fit to GGT reaction processes. For the integration strategy, classical initial rates were estimated when GGPNA consumption percentages were below 50%; otherwise, maximal reaction rates of GGT were estimated by the improved integrated method and converted into initial rates according to the differential rate equation at 0.11 mmol/L GGPNA. The integration strategy was validated using optimized GGT kinetic parameters and 10-s intervals to record reaction curves within 8.0 min. By the integration strategy, there was a linear response from 0.9 to 32.0 U/L GGT, coefficients of variation were below 3.5% for GGT from 8.0 to 32.0 U/L (n=5), and GGT activities in clinical sera responded linearly to their classical initial rates at 2.00 mmol/L GGPNA with an expected slope. Therefore, the integration strategy was successful in measuring GGT at 0.12 mmol/L GGPNA.     

CAD与GIS数据的可视化转换方法研究

对CAD和GIS数据模型进行分析后,论述了如何高效构造可视化的转换模型。可视化转换模型可以在转换结果的准确性和工作效率间找到平衡点,是一种方便、快捷、高效的解决方案。     

数据挖掘技术在高校教学质量评价中的应用

针对高校教学质量评价,利用数据挖掘技术,运用多种数据挖掘方法对教学相关数据进行分析,以期达到改进教学方法,提高教学质量的目的。     

AHP和DEA相结合的高校绩效综合评价模型研究

基于投入／产出的DEA方法是高校绩效／效率评价的常用经典方法,但该方法在指标数量和原始数据方面有一定的限制。为了解决上述问题,文章将AHP和DEA相结合构建高校绩效综合评价模型。首先,将定性数据用AHP进行量化。其次,应用AHP计算二级指标权重,加权平均计算一级指标值作为输入输出数据,减少指标数量,使之符合DEA要求的较少的指标数目。最后,基于DEA基本模型和超效率模型评价高校绩效并加以分析。     

网络环境下SQL Server数据的备份与恢复

本文探讨了数据库管理中备份与恢复的概念,分析了在网络环境下SQL Server数据备份及恢复的工作过程,探讨如何在网络信息系统中实现完整的数据备份及恢复.