雷电损坏电视机的机理分析

本文运用电磁感应原理分析了雷电的电磁效应及产生原理,阐明了雷电感应具有大电流、高电压的特点和雷电所产生的电磁场具有高频电磁波的性质,论述了雷电损坏电视机的机理和避雷防雷措施。     

感性设备同名端的判断

本文介绍了一些常见感性设备同名端判断的方法,对其正确使用和维护有重要的实际意义。     

波普尔的反归纳主义及其失误

波普尔认为，科学知识即理论内容的增长是科学进步最为重要的标志。然而，科学理论的内容丰富程度与逻辑概率之间正好是反变关系。因此，科学的目标不是追求理论的高概率，而是追求理论的低概率；不是追求理论的可证实性，而是追求理论的可证伪性。既然归纳推理是确立结论真实性或概然性的推理，所以归纳推理是与科学目标背道而驰的，因而应当将它从科学方法论中清除出去。然而，当波普尔引入“逼真性”概念以后，他的验证方法便不可能是完全演绎的，而是或多或少地含有归纳的成分。此外，他把塔尔斯基的真理论作为逼真性概念的理论基础也是错误的。     

Direct - Torque, Neuro - Fuzzy Control of Induction Motor

Fuzzy systems are currently being used in a wide field of industrial and scientific applications. Since the design and especially the optimization process of fuzzy systems can be very time consuming, it is convenient to have algorithms which construct and optimize them automatically. In order to improve the system stability and raise the response speed, a new control scheme, direct - torque neuro - fuzzy control for induction motor drive, was put forward. The design and tuning procedure have been described. Also, the improved stator flux estimation algorithm, which guarantees eccentric estimated flux has been proposed.     

Novice teachers’ learning and knowledge building during the induction programme

This paper explores the Estonian novice teachers’ learning and knowledge building (LKB) practices in the extended professional community during the induction programme using well-known knowledge conversion model. The assumption in this study is that a teachers’ participation in the extended professional community facilitates their professional development. The survey was conducted with 101 novices after their induction programme. The patterns of novices’ LKB practices in the professional learning community during the induction programme were explored. The analysis showed to what extent extended professional community may be formed during the induction year. LKB practice patterns among the novices were identified. We discovered that many novices felt that there was insufficient support from other teachers and from university experts. It appears that it is challenging to develop a coherent induction programme as the extended professional community of educators, where different partners collaborate and share professional knowledge is challenging.     

关于正态总体抽样分布定理的证明和思考

用数学归纳法,对正态总体抽样分布中的两个定理给出了一种简单的证明,以期为概率论与数理统计的有效教学提供借鉴.     

Teaching about the importance of trees: a study with young children

This paper reports on a study undertaken with the primary aim of investigating the effect of the storytelling teaching approach on kindergarten children's retention of ideas about the importance of trees. The study also assessed the effect of storytelling on children's intention to participate in a tree planting activity that they had to select from a list of activities. The story that was created included such elements as binary opposites, mental images, mystery, and wonder, according to Kieran Egan's theory. The study utilized a two‐group design, was conducted in three phases (pre‐test, intervention, and post‐test), lasted 11 weeks, and its results provide evidence of the effectiveness of the storytelling approach when compared with the traditional method of expository teaching complemented with visual images (pictures) of trees and their importance to human beings. The pedagogical appropriateness of the story, which was based upon the binary pair of opposites ‘security–insecurity’, is also discussed in the paper.     

隐喻与象征：安徒生童话中“树”的意象分析

作为童话从民间走向文体自觉的标志性人物,安徒生的童话创作从民间文化中汲取了丰富的素材。树作为丹麦民间传说中具有代表性的意象,不仅丰富了安徒生的童年经验,也是他成年思悟的深刻表达。在安徒生的童话作品中,“树”成为作家对于自我生存的思考与回答。本文试图探索其童话中充满象征与隐喻的“树”的意象,以期寻求解读安徒生童话的新的角度和途径。     

Undergraduates and the development of argument

This article emphasizes the need to encourage undergraduate students to develop arguments, which involves enhancing their analytical skills and capacity for critical thinking, across disciplines regardless of level. It argues that these skills, required by the Quality Assurance Agency＇s （QAA） benchmarks, are developed not by instruction but by engaging with the philosophic process that leads to the deep learning. This process of learning is based on a dialectical approach, viewing dialogue with colleagues, primary texts and written assignments, as central to developing an inductive argument and a critical perspective. This article proposes an analytical framework to analyze the extent to which a tutor is facilitating the development of argument. It suggests that while, if required one must provide students with explicit guidelines about this process, nevertheless this practice is problematic because of the inherent tension between explicit teaching and deep learning, which facilitates the acquisition of these analytical skills.     

金背大红花瓣的组织培养方法

以菊花花瓣为外植体，在无菌条件下诱导愈伤组织，再由愈伤组织进行芽诱导．利用花瓣组织培养易变异的特性，以期培养出新品种．本实验中探讨了6-BA、NAA在诱导愈伤组织和芽诱导中的影响，并获得MS＋6-BA2mg／L＋NAA0．5mg／L为芽诱导的最佳培养方秦．