Creating a more inclusive journal: the Journal of the Medical Library Association's evolving process for selecting editorial board members

The Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) selects new editorial board members every year. In the spring of 2021, JMLA used a new process for reviewing and selecting applicants for the limited number of open editorial board positions. This reevaluation of the selection process was spurred by a desire to create a more diverse and representative board. Changes to the procedures for selecting new editorial board members included having an open call for editorial board members, creating an application form, creating a selection committee to screen applicants, creating a form for the selection committee to extract data from applications, and creating a two-step process for screening and then selecting board members. As part of construction of this new process, areas for continued improvement were also identified, such as refining the application form to allow more specific answers to areas of interest to the selection committee. The newly created selection process for editorial board members constitutes a significant change in JMLA processes; however, more can be done to build on this work by further refining the selection process and ensuring that new members are selected in a transparent and streamlined manner.     

In defence of white privilege: physical education teachers’ understandings of their work in culturally diverse schools

Research suggests that physical education (PE) in Western countries is not providing equitable experiences for non-white students. Responsibility for shortcomings has often been ascribed to white PE teachers. Scholars have claimed that teachers lack cultural competence and know little about how physical cultures or health are understood by the young people with whom they work. The objective of this investigation was to investigate this claim and generate an understanding of how white PE teachers in a culturally diverse high school make sense of their work with non-white students. Data with three Swedish teachers of varying experience were produced using semi-structured interviewing. A series of school visits provided a complementary line of data. Four themes emerged from the data. These related to: (1) differences between white and non-white values; (2) the knowledge and dispositions necessary for success in PE; (3) the broad purpose of PE, and; (4) the differences between boys’ and girls’ experiences of PE. Data were interpreted using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) perspective, with the notion of ‘whiteness’ providing a specific analytic concept. The general thesis developed in the second part of the paper is that problems result not from insensitivity or incompetence but from discourses of whiteness in which many teachers live and work. By building on critical research both in general education and physical education literature and by utilizing whiteness as an analytical concept, the investigation shows how three PE teachers draw extensively on the racial discourse of whiteness and how this disadvantages non-white students. The paper is concluded with a consideration of how racial disadvantage could be challenged or disrupted.     

Impacts of equity structure on audit fees: Evidence from Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai Stock Exchange

Based on the data of 923 Chinese listed companies in 2013 to 2014, we investigated the impact of company equity structure on audit fees from the perspective of cross section and period duration. It is found that there is a positive correlation between the proportion of state-owned shares in listed companies and audit fees. To be more specific, there is a U-shaped relation between audit fees and equity concentration which is represented by the proportion of the largest shareholder. And the equity restriction ratio, represented by the sum of the proportion of the second largest shareholder to the tenth, has a positive effect on audit fees.     

管理层持股、融资约束与创新绩效——基于融资约束中介作用的实证研究

本文以我国上市公司2012-2015的样本为对象，使用Hadlock等（2010）的SA指数构建了融资约束虚拟变量，通过递归模型实证研究了融资约束在管理层持股对公司研发投资和研发效率影响中的中介作用。结论显示管理层持股与融资约束是高度显著的U型关系，但与创新效率则是高度显著的倒U型关系，融资约束在管理层持股对创新效率的影响中显著地发挥了部分中介作用，而且管理层持股对公司融资约束和创新绩效的影响主要局限于非国有控股上市公司。本文的研究为明确我国公司管理层持股对公司创新的影响路径提供了新的证据，也为实施股权激励和提高公司创新绩效提供了有益的参考。     

股权激励对企业科技创新能力的影响

采用因子分析法,本文从科技创新的投入能力、科技创新的产出能力以及科技创新的成果转化能力构建了科技创新综合能力指标,研究不同终极控股股东特征环境中的管理层股权激励的实施对公司科技创新能力的影响效应。通过回归分析,本文发现,在终极控股股东两权匹配的环境中实施的管理层股权激励可以提升公司的科技创新能力;控股股东的控制权越大,股权激励对科技创新能力的促进作用越大。在终极控股股东两权分离的环境中实施的管理层股权激励会抑制公司的科技创新能力;控股股东的两权分离度越大,股权激励对公司科技创新能力的抑制效应越强;而且,国有控股股东与企业家型的民营控股股东环境中股权激励的实施对公司科技创新能力的影响并无显著性差异;但与企业家型民营终极控股股东相比,资本家型民营终极控股股东的两权分离程度对股权激励抑制科技创新能力的加剧作用更大。     

股权制衡影响企业价值的模型推导与解释

关于股权制衡对企业价值影响的研究结果不一,其原因在于没有考虑制衡股东的个数.在建立模型验证分析结果基础上,得出结论:"双核"结构是最优股权结构;第二大股东持股比例越接近第一大股东持股比例越有助于提升企业价值.     

论公平与效率的关系及其模式选择

在社会主义条件下,公平和效率虽然存在矛盾,但这种矛盾不是制度性的,二者都是社会主义的基本价值目标,在根本上是统一的。社会主义应保持公平与效率的均衡发展,而不能长期过于偏重一方。在当前贫富差距悬殊、社会不公问题突出的情况下,处理二者关系的正确方法是实行“公平与效率并重”的改革发展模式,为此要把建立完善社会公平的保障体系放在突出位置,在政策和措施上注重发展权利公平、机会公平、规则公平、效率公平、分配公平和社会保障公平。     

全民健身公平:内涵、评价与对策

分析了全民健身公平的内涵,从全民健身过程公平的资源配置(投入)和服务供给(产出)两个方面,构建了全民健身公平的评价指标体系,通过灰色关联评价模型对我国区域全民健身公平进行实证分析,进而有针对性地提出促进我国全民健身公平发展对策,即明确全民健身公平的法律地位;突出政府全民健身服务供给的主导职能;建立全民健身服务公平运行机制;建立全民健身服务公平评价机制。     

Something new: value and change in finance*

ABSTRACT

Ethnographic and social scientific accounts of the financiers that buy and sell companies for profit often homogenize the players in these social dramas, relying on blunt, totalizing definitions of culture or overly deterministic articulations of habitus. This article, drawing on a two-year study of private equity investors, offers an alternative analytic frame for making sense of how private equity people buy and sell companies. It explores the ways in which private equity people make arguments persuading one another and the larger public that an investment is worth making. Important to these arguments are not only substantive content, the evidence that investors marshal to support a thesis, but also reflective evaluation of what counts as good evidence, meta-commentary. It is in these split levels of analysis that we can appreciate the cultural diversity within finance, Wall Street, and investment banking. I will also suggest that understanding how investors are arguing substantively as well as meta-pragmatically begins to outline a useful theory of culture change within the world of investment banking.     

公平公正与和谐社会

公平公正是人类社会追求的终极价值,更是和谐社会的基础。在社会转型期,我国在各个领域出现了不公正不平等现象,而且日益侵蚀社会稳定和影响社会发展,我们要清醒地认识公平公正的现实和战略意义,在各方面进行纠正和改革,贯彻公平公正理念,构建和谐社会。