Enacting Informal Science Learning: Exploring the Battle for Informal Learning

Informal Science Learning (ISL) is a policy narrative of interest in the United Kingdom and abroad. This paper explores how a group of English secondary school science teachers, enacted ISL science clubs through employing the Periodic Table of Videos. It examines how these teachers ‘battled’ to enact ISL policy in performative conditions at the micro-scale, and how this battle reflected macro-scale epistemological and political considerations. Data from the study suggests that for some, ISL was low stakes as it was seen to have negligible impact upon performance data. As a result, there was some resistance towards enacting ISL and conflict between the formal and informal curriculum processes. Nonetheless, analysis indicates that the informants highly valued ISL despite the requirement for them to justify it over more formal and ‘effective’ approaches to learning science.     

The scholarship of teaching: A comparison of conceptions held by experts and regular academic staff

Over the past decade the scholarship ofteaching has received considerable attention inthe higher education literature as a reactionto the widely cited Carnegie Foundation'sreport ``Scholarship Reconsidered'; however, theconcept has remained devoid of a unifieddefinition. A recent Delphi study conductedwith a selective group of scholars whoseexpertise lies in the area of universityteaching and learning indicated the extent towhich these ``experts' agreed with each other onimportant features and unresolved issues theyassociate with the scholarship of teaching. Building on the results of the Delphi study,the present article discusses the results of asecond survey comparing these ``experts' 'conceptions with those of a larger group ofscholars whose expertise lies in a differentacademic field (``regular academic staff'), inorder to identify the similarities anddifferences in the conceptions of thescholarship of teaching held by each of the twogroups. While regular academic staff werefound to associate the scholarship of teachingmore with good or effectiveteaching ``experts' pointed to notions such aspeer review and scholarly standards. Thediscussion of the results focuses on the notionof consensus reached within and betweenthe two groups. It is argued that in order topromote changes in policy with respect to whatis to count as scholarship, identifying andreporting ``experts' ' conceptions, thoughclearly necessary for promoting moreenlightened discussions on the issue, willremain insufficient. Policy change in academeis more likely to ensue as a result of thewider academic community reaching consensus onthe meaning, and nature, of the scholarship ofteaching. The wider academic community includes``experts', as well as colleagues in departmentsand disciplinary associations. The articleconcludes by exploring the notion of consensusthrough the lens of critical social theory.     

小学科学课程:国际趋势与政策建议——基于10国课程标准的比较

我国小学科学课程标准实验稿颁布十余年来,纷争一直不断.研读国外小学科学课程标准文本,总结国外小学科学课程改革经验与发展趋势,有助于为我国标准的修订与完善提供借镜.综观国际经验,有关我国小学科学课程标准完善的建议主要为:完善课程目标维度,增加具体化的纵向目标;优化课程内容领域,合理设置课程模块;优化课程内容选择与组织,认真对待科学知识;优化课程内容呈现,指导教材编制;细化课程实施建议,为教师提供切实帮助;改进课程评价,制订具体可行的评价标准.     

七元素调控宏观经济

经济哲学与宏观经济调控方略在经济发展中的重要性显而易见．回顾经济学流派的各种经济政策展示了调控的显著性，在当今国际经济一体化过程中，宏观经济政策的贫乏越加显现出来．创新是首要任务．以宏观经济指标理论，政策性和阶段性的宏观调控策略．宏观经济良性循环三大任务为综合目标的七元素调控宏观经济的数学模型是三率调控宏观经济的进一步深入和细致，我们分析了税收，存款利率，贷款利率，汇率，货币发行量，国债发行量，财政预算七元素与30个宏观经济指标变量间的经验关系，并由此建立粗略的阶段性的效益矩阵作为决策的基础．利用宏观经济指标对经济的贡献率确定加权系数，并建立线性的目标函数并求出离散组合优化值，为中国宏观经济的发展献一点调控策略。供政府部门的决策者参考．     

略论甲午战后清政府工商政策的转变

后发展国家干预经济近代化的方式首先都是直接从干预经济开始的。自 1 9世纪 60年代起 ,清政府选择了“官为控制”近代工业的政策目标模式。甲午战争后 ,改“官督商办”为“纵商为之” ,颁布了大量新的工商政策法规。但由于缺乏有效的宏观管理体制 ,以致于大大影响了经济改革的深度和力度。     

“放蒋出笼”:50年代的美国远东新战略

本文阐述了50年代美国远东新战略的形成及其结果,认为它是冷战前提下美国遏制中国政策的产物,这种政策不变,则中美两国关系的僵局就无法打破。     

高校就业指导课堂教学方法的实践与探讨

加强对大学生的就业指导是《教育法》赋予高校的责任和义务,加强对就业指导课堂教学指导原则和教学方法的研究、实践,将促进就业指导水平提高。高校大学生就业指导课程要突出指导性、体现教育性、强调针对性、注重实践性等原则,多思考、勤尝试、重研究多种行之有效的教学方法,把就业指导课建成大学生普遍欢迎的一门精品课。     

中国南亚战略中的克什米尔问题

克什米尔问题,是印巴关系的核心问题。其战略地位和重要性决定了它与大国,尤其是中国有直接利害关系。因此,中国在实施南亚战略过程中给予该问题以密切关注。以历史分析法阐释历史时期中国在克什米尔问题上的政策演化,阐述了中国在实施南亚战略过程中如何对该问题进行考量,并对中国的克什米尔政策给予了简要评析。     

新时期海峡两岸高校开放招生问题探讨

海峡两岸高校开放招生是新时期推进海峡两岸高等教育交流与合作的重要尝试。系统梳理改革开放以来两岸招生政策与就学人数发展变化的历史进程,可发现促进两岸高校开放招生的积极因素,如开放的政策、共同的文化传承、各自高校专业优势、生源与教育资源互补等。但两岸高校扩大开放招生在高校知名度、大陆学生赴台就读经费、两岸学子深入交流沟通等方面也存在不利因素,可针对这些不足推出减少歧视性条款、加强院校宣传、扩大招生规模、建立交流事务常设机构等举措,从而开创两岸招生工作的新局面。     

低碳经济与水能资源开发

水能资源作为中国发展低碳经济突出的优势资源之一,其开发需要国家的政策支持：出台支持水能资源开发的具体政策,改变对水电的不公正待遇,建立和实施环境税制度,建立移民分享工程收益机制。