我国双创教育研究主题演变轨迹及对民族地区的启示

运用可视化分析方法,以1998—2018年CSSCI学术期刊中的文献为数据来源绘制我国创新创业教育主题演进图谱,研究发现,首先,创新创业教育、大学生、高校等代表该领域主要的研究热点以及主要的学术扩散点和连接点.其次,我国创新创业教育研究主题大致经过理念探索与初步聚焦(1998—2007年)和聚焦发展与深入推进(2008...     

Contextualizing entrepreneurial innovation: A narrative perspective

We review literatures that inform entrepreneurial innovation, paying particular attention to different conceptualizations of contexts. Early research explored micro and macro approaches with some scholars taking an actor-centric perspective and others a context-centric perspective. Bridging these perspectives, different scholars proposed multilevel approaches, arguing that opportunities are “found” or “made” by entrepreneurs whose efforts are moderated by contexts. More recent constitutive approaches, such as those informed by structuration, complexity and disequilibrium theories, have viewed entrepreneurial innovation as a process wherein actors and contexts are co-created. We add to constitutive approaches by examining how entrepreneurs contextualize innovation through narratives. A narrative perspective considers entrepreneurial innovation as an ongoing process involving embedded actors who contextualize innovation through performative efforts. We discuss the implications of this perspective for policy, entrepreneurs, and research.     

创业失败恐惧会影响大学生的创业意向吗

创业失败恐惧对大学生创业意向有显著的抑制作用。然而,尚不清楚这种抑制作用是如何发生的,以及大学创业支持能否削弱这种抑制作用。为此,本研究基于陕西省 5468 名 2019 届大学毕业生的调查数据,运用偏最小二乘结构方程模型考察了创业失败恐惧对大学生创业意向的影响,以及创业态度、创业自我效能的中介效应和大学创业支持的调节作用。研究发现：（1）创业失败恐惧对大学生创业意向、创业态度、创业自我效能有显著的消极影响;（2）创业态度、创业自我效能对大学生创业意向有显著的积极影响;（3）创业态度、创业自我效能在创业失败恐惧与大学生创业意向的关系中发挥中介作用;（4）大学创业支持对创业失败恐惧与大学生创业意向的关系具有调节效应,但未能调节创业失败恐惧对创业态度、创业自我效能的影响。     

创新生态系统理论下众创空间生成机理研究

创新生态系统理论将生态学理论引入到创新发展中,突出强调创新发展中联动、开放、协同、共生、演化等生态特征,实现了创新范式的变革;众创空间在主体结构、内在属性、组织等方面与创新生态系统具有较高的拟合性,将创新生态系统理论作为众创空间研究的理论基础具有合理性。以创新生态系统理论为理论依据探索得出众创空间四大作用机理:内生竞合是众创空间生成的需求牵引机理;开放协同是众创空间成长的资源集聚机理;系统多样是众创空间共生的功能聚合机理;动态演化是众创空间形成的系统优化机理。     

平台型组织视角下科研院所衍生创业机制研究 ——基于扎根理论的单案例探索

基于资源编排理论,从平台型组织视角对西光所案例进行扎根理论剖析,探索科研院所平台型组织的组织结构和运行机制及其对衍生创业的作用机理.研究表明,科研院所以开放的组织边界为基础,形成多个子平台相互耦合的平台核心以及具有多元异质性主体和产业链创新链融合特征的平台边缘,并依据自上而下授权赋能、自下而上资源倒逼、人才管理模式优化和协同竞争互动的机制运行,以上特点将促使内外部资源的有效编排,从而促进衍生创业.研究进一步拓展平台型组织理论的边界,从而为科研院所转型提供参考借鉴.     

Mobilizing for change: A study of research units in emerging scientific fields

Local research units, this article argues, play a very important role for the scientific field they belong to, for example by mobilizing financial support, offering job opportunities, attracting talented recruits, and providing adequate training. Little is known, however, about such units, at least in the fields under study here, i.e., studies of innovation, entrepreneurship and related phenomena. This article focuses - with the help of a survey of 136 research units worldwide supplemented by a number of case-studies - on the factors that influence the extent to which local mobilization efforts succeed. The research shows that universities provide the most fertile grounds for such research units, and that external support and support from the leadership of the university are important factors behind their establishment. In the longer term, however, attracting core (basic) finance is essential for the unit's ability to maintain cognitive control of its research program. Units that develop their own Master and PhD programs appear more likely than others to achieve these aims.     

What do growing early-stage digital start-ups look like? A mixed-methods approach

Digital entrepreneurship is one of the most important and impactful forms of entrepreneurship. However, the majority of digital start-ups fail to scale, despite their potential to achieve growth. Moreover, what constitutes growth is significantly different for start-ups as compared with established firms: they have limited financial performance, and their growth cannot be accurately measured by metrics such as customers, revenues, profits, and turnover at the early stages of the new venture creation process or before the start-up has reached sustainability. Therefore, the first objective of this research is to contribute to the definition of growth by examining less tangible dimensions of growth. Moreover, the second objective is to identify the characteristics of early-stage digital start-ups experiencing growth. Based on a mixed-methods approach, which combines an adapted Delphi study, a questionnaire-based survey, and a comparative case study, our results suggest that growing digital start-ups exhibit a set of characteristics that include: an agile culture combining clan with adhocracy; the ability to nurture their absorptive, innovative, and adaptive capabilities effectively; and a human capital with adequate entrepreneurial skills, emotional attachment to and fitness with the start-up.     

What do business models do?: Innovation devices in technology entrepreneurship

Building on a case study of an entrepreneurial venture, we investigate the role played by business models in the innovation process. Rather than debating their accuracy and efficiency, we adopt a pragmatic approach to business models — we examine them as market devices, focusing on their materiality, use and dynamics. Taking into account the variety of its forms, which range from corporate presentations to business plans, we show that the business model is a narrative and calculative device that allows entrepreneurs to explore a market and plays a performative role by contributing to the construction of the techno-economic network of an innovation.