Digital platforms and transformational entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 crisis

There has been an increased usage and popularity of digital platforms during the COVID-19 crisis. This has resulted in many new types of digital platforms emerging that are tied to specific localities and based on emergent needs. This article presents the results of a study on the ClickforVic digital platform that was started during the first 2020 lockdown in Melbourne, Australia as a way for country farmers to connect with urban consumers. The study is premised on transformational entrepreneurship theory that enables a focus on the societal changes that have resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic. A semi-structured in-depth interview approach was utilised to understand how farm entrepreneurs perceived the digital platform and how this contributed to transformational entrepreneurship outcomes. The study is amongst the first to incorporate a digital platform, farm entrepreneurship, transformational entrepreneurship and COVID-19 perspective. The findings suggest that farm entrepreneurs are driven by financial, social and community goals during a crisis that influences their usage of digital platforms. As a consequence, the findings contribute to managerial practice and policy debate by highlighting the way digital platforms can be used in times of crisis to produce transformational entrepreneurship outcomes.     

降低创新创业的知识产权成本研究——基于佛山与主要城市比较视角

采用定性与定量相结合的方法,深入分析比较佛山与宁波、无锡、大连、长沙、东莞等先进城市的知识产权成本,认为佛山知识产权成本在6个城市中,大体处于中游水平,专利补助与无锡、大连并列第3;佛山知识产权运营服务走在全国前列,专利诉讼资助力度与长沙等先进城市还有一定差距;在知识产权保护方面,佛山还需要进一步增强,在处理知识产权侵权纠纷、提高公众的知识产权保护意识等方面不断改进和完善,努力降低知识产权成本,为佛山创新创业"保驾护航"。     

高校创业教育对新生代员工内部创业行为的滞后效应研究

以往针对高校创业教育效果评价的研究主要关注大学生毕业后的自主创业比率。然而,许多在大学期间接受过良好创业教育的学生毕业后并不会立即自主创业,而是在所就职企业工作一段时间后进行内部创业。可见,高校创业教育效果具有明显的滞后效应。本研究基于人力资本理论和成就动机理论,选取大学毕业后工作年限在5年以内的新生代员工作为研究对象,探讨了这类新生代员工所接受的高校创业教育对他们在所就职企业的内部创业行为的影响机制。基于280份有效样本的实证分析结果表明：高校创业教育对新生代员工的成就需要、内部创业行为具有显著正向影响;成就需要在高校创业教育和内部创业行为的关系之间起到了中介作用;公司创业导向对成就需要和内部创业行为之间的关系起到了正向调节作用。     

Innovation and strategy: Does it make a difference! A linear study of micro & SMEs

Innovation is known to be used by some businesses to help them differentiate their trading position within a specific locale. Research has also proven that by adopting a strategy, aims can be achieved and turnover increased. This study will endeavour to use these two key areas to evaluate how, they are used and to what extent they can improve business performance. The study was carried using 145 Micro and SME business, located within the rural county of Lincolnshire. The businesses were taken from specific locations on a random basis which included rural, remote rural and urban settings. Initial findings found that businesses situated within remote areas performed better than those within the other test areas, leading to the conclusion that they use innovation as a strategy to outperform their business rivals.     

创业环境对大学生创业行为影响研究——以海南省高校大学生为例

随着我国就业方式和就业结构的转变,自主创业逐渐成为大学生就业的重要方式之一。以海南省高校大学生为研究对象,发现海南省政府政策操作难度大、社会经济条件影响深、创业教育不足、资金支持缺乏和非资金支持不足等原因,严重影响了大学生创业行为。因此,制定可行创业政策、实施专业化创业教育、健全创业服务机制、拓宽融资渠道和完善创业制度体系是优化海南省大学生创业环境,促进大学生创业成功的重要举措。     

欧洲发展天使投资网络的经验与启示

欧洲天使投资网络对服务本国中小企业成长、促进区域创新创业发展、防范由信息不对称所引发的市场失灵等具有重要作用。通过对欧洲天使投资网络进行案例研究，分析其功能特点、内部组织架构、资金来源、经费使用、管理机制等运行情况，结合我国“大众创业万众创新”发展实际，提出我国政府需要在当前天使投资网络建设初期发挥主导作用，在全国范围内构建起“一国-多区-多类”的框架体系。在此基础上，持续提升天使投资网络的服务精细化水平、拓宽服务对象范围、完善内部管理机制，从而进一步引导天使投资向创新创业活动聚焦，推动“双创”纵深发展。     

温州大学生创业教育中企业家精神培育的实证研究——基于人格变量的视角

采用编制成册的量表和问卷对温州市三所高校在校大学生进行随机调查,结果表明,企业家精神在人口学变量上的差异不显著,大五人格中除神经质维度与企业家精神无显著相关外,其他四个维度均与企业家精神存在显著正相关;追求成功的动机和自尊正向预测企业家精神,避免失败的动机负向预测企业家精神;修正的结构方程模型显示,五种人格特质均能间接预测企业家精神,成就动机、自尊在大五人格和企业家精神中起中介作用。人格变量是大学生企业家精神的有效预测指标,创业教育应考虑学生的人格特质差异,因材施教。     

高水平大学创业教育发展策略——以剑桥大学为例

剑桥大学积淀的创业教育理念促使其经历了创业文化的转型与适应,建立了独特的创业教育体系框架,通过"剑桥创业中心"融入英国宏观创业教育体系,借助"创业学习中心"引领和推动多元化创业教育项目实施,依托"赫尔曼·豪瑟专家中心"创立了"中介运行方式"推进全校性创业教育发展。剑桥大学的创业教育发展策略值得深入分析、反思与借鉴。     

Demographic differences in learner response to entrepreneurial education programmes in Pakistan

Recent research on the benefits of entrepreneurship education has tended to ignore or “control out” possible demographic differences in outcomes for entrepreneurship graduates. This paper examines demographic differences in the perceived benefits of different components of entrepreneurship education programmes (EEPs), entrepreneurial cognitions and entrepreneurial intentions of EEP graduates. Data were collected by questionnaire from 348 university EEP graduates in Pakistan. All graduates had strong positive attitudes to becoming entrepreneurs and no demographic differences in entrepreneurial intentions were observed. Nonetheless, females in particular, and graduates with no work experience to a lesser extent, exited the EEPs with lower perceived benefits, particularly in terms of inspiration, and slightly weaker perceived control for entrepreneurship, than males and graduates with some experience. No substantial differences were associated with age or entrepreneurial family background. The authors suggest ways in which EEPs can be more inclusive of female students.     

Fostering entrepreneurship: Changing role of government and higher education governance in Hong Kong

The rise of the knowledge economy has generated new global infrastructures with information technology playing an increasingly important role in the global economy. The popularity and prominence of information technology not only changes the nature of knowledge but also restructures higher education, research and learning. It is in such a wider policy context that an increasing number of institutions of higher learning are being established with new missions and innovative configurations of training, serving populations that previously had little access to higher education. Apart from accommodating a larger number of students, higher education institutions are required to improve their administrative efficiency and accountability in response to the demands of different stakeholders like government, business, industry, and labour organizations, as well as students and parents. The present article sets out in this wider context to examine how and what strategies universities in Hong Kong have adopted to promote entrepreneurial spirit and practices by encouraging academic staff to venture in industrial, business and commercial fields. In addition, this article examines how universities in Hong Kong reform their curricula to make students more creative, innovative and international. More specifically, this article reflects upon the role of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR, hereafter) in promoting entrepreneurship, with particular reference to the interactions between the government, the private sector and the tertiary education sector in promoting a vibrant and dynamic economy.