试论环境会计

本文分析了环境会计的产生、概念及目标。并在此基础上，探讨了建立一个微观与宏观核算模式相衔接，跨学科研究的大环境会计体系的设想，以及在我国开展环境会计核算工作的相关建议。     

PEMFC分散发电系统的压力控制研究

NomenclatureA-area ( m2)Dw-membrane water diffusivity ( m2/s)F-=96 487I-current (A)M-molecule mass (kg/mol)T-temperature (K)W-mass flowrate (kg/s)cw-water concentration in membrane ( mol/m3)m-mass (kg)n-cell numbernd-electro-osmotic drag coefficientp-pres…     

乡镇工业企业发展、区划与环境、资源

我国乡镇工业企业的发展与环境、资源的协调问题已经成为我国发展与环境、资源关系方面的大问题。实际工农相对分离，组建乡村工业区，是提高乡镇工业企业素质、效益、强化乡镇工业企业优化组合、规模经营的有效途径；是保护环境，实现资源有效利用的基础工作之一；是提高农业劳动生产率，实现农业规模经营的基础工作之一。     

Undesirable economic growth via agents’ self-protection against environmental degradation

Our model analyzes the effects of the interplay between environmental degradation and consumption choices on economic growth dynamics and on economic agents’ welfare. We show that if private goods can be consumed as substitutes for environmental goods, then economic growth may be fueled by environmental deterioration. In this context, undesirable economic growth may occur, characterized by an inverse correlation between aggregate capital accumulation and economic agents’ welfare.     

企业绿色创新驱动因素研究——基于资源型企业的实证

侧重于外部商业环境对企业绿色创新的影响,提出了企业绿色创新的5个驱动因素。以资源型企业为样本,在137份有效问卷的基础上,运用SPSS17.0软件及逐步多元回归方法实证检验了驱动效果。结果表明利益相关者的压力、外部网络支撑、创新的不确定性、政策预期和管理者的机会感知会渐次影响到企业的绿色创新,共解释了绿色创新变动的58.1%。将绿色创新划分为产品、过程和管理3种表现,按照驱动难度由小到大依次为管理、产品和过程。     

On the relationship between environmental management, environmental innovation and patenting: Evidence from German manufacturing firms

This paper analyses empirically the relationship between environmental innovations, environmental management and patenting. In particular it tests a number of propositions on how environmental management systems and the interaction with environmentally more or less concerned stakeholders are associated with the probability of firms to pursue innovation in general (measured as patenting behaviour) and specifically environmental innovation (measured based on firm self-assessment and through patent data). In applying a negative binomial as well as binary discrete choice models the relationship is studied using data on German manufacturing firms. As a novel and important insight, the study finds that environmental innovation can be meaningfully identified using patent data and that environmental innovation defined this way is less ubiquitous than self-reported environmental innovation. It also reveals that the implementation level of environmental management systems has a positive effect exclusively on environmental process innovation, whereas it is negatively associated with the level of a firms’ general patenting activities. For environmental product innovation and patented environmental innovations a positive relationship with environmentally concerned and a negative link with environmentally neutral stakeholders is found.     

饱和土体中半封闭压力隧洞的应力和位移场

基于Biot固结理论，研究分析了饱和土体中半封闭压力隧洞问题，建立了压力隧洞的半封闭边界条件．通过对控制方程的解耦，得到了孔隙水压力的消散方程．在Laplace变换域中得到隧洞边界上作用轴对称荷载和流体压力条件下的应力、位移和孔隙水压力解答，考虑了土体和孔隙流体的压缩性，运用Laplace数值逆变换得到时域中的解．文末给出了算例，分析了隧洞的半封闭特性对应力、位移和孔隙水压力的影响。     

层次分析法在高校实验室压力容器安全评价中的应用

采用安全分析法和专家调查法,以事故致因理论进行系统安全分析,建立了高校实验室压力容器使用管理系统的安全评价体系;应用层次分析法,确定了压力容器使用该评价体系中各子系统及各指标的权重;结合实际经验,根据安全规范构造各指标隶属度,进而根据评价集构造了隶属度函数,采用模糊综合评价法并得到各指标对评价集的最终隶属度、模糊矩阵和综合评价,求得压力容器使用管理系统安全状况的综合得分,进而划分安全评价等级,评价结论可为压力容器安全使用管理提供科学依据。     

一种高压条件下测定吸附剂静态吸附容量的装置

采用静态容量法研制开发了适于高压条件下的静态吸附仪,阐述了仪器的工作原理和功能结构,并采用该仪器测定了活性炭对CO2、CH4和N2的吸附量,获得了吸附剂在不同高压条件下对各气体的吸附容量数据。该吸附仪能直观地分析吸附剂对气体的吸附特性,对吸附剂的工程应用有着重要的指导作用。此外,该仪器能够与上位计算机通过串口进行通讯,实现测量数据的实时显示与存储。     

氢原子光谱同位素谱线位移实验的参数优化

讨论了氢原子光谱实验中狭缝宽度、采集次数和负高压对氢原子光谱同位素位移谱线的影响,优化了氢原子光谱同位素位移实验的工作参数,获得了清晰的氢原子同位素位移光谱。通过该实验让学生掌握实验中多参数优化的方法,有利于加深学生对光谱理论的理解,有利于提高学生分析问题解决问题的能力。