健美操对改善高校女生身心机能的积极作用与效果的实验研究

本实验通过对参加健美操选项班两年的120名高校女生进行身体形态、心率和肺活量及心理健康水平测试,表明经常参加有氧健美操锻炼能改善女生形态机能,提高心肺功能,并有较好的健心功效,十分有益于高校女生身心健康。     

穿越泥潭生理负荷分析与评价——最大生理负荷强度、强度分布对人体心肺功能的影响

本文以解放军体育学院体育系10名学员为研究对象,主要探讨了穿越泥潭过程的生理负荷强度及其分布、穿越泥潭训练的特点和对人体心肺功能的影响。从总体来看,生理负荷强度分布呈“双峰型”。穿越泥潭训练为短时间、短距离、高强度无氧运动,可引起心率、心输出量增大,呼吸频率、呼吸深度和肺通气量明显升高。     

"号外"报纵谈

论述“号外”报的概念、价值、简史及其开发利用。     

建筑陶瓷工业的粉尘危害及安全评价

建筑陶瓷工业几乎在其生产的全过程中都会产生粉尘，且在这些企业的作业环境中粉尘浓度存在严重的超标现象，粉尘严重危害着工厂作业人员的身体健康，因此，工人应当清楚意识到粉尘的危害，工厂应当改进工艺流程和设备，改善作业环境，这是当前急需解决的一个问题。运用LEC评价的方法评价粉尘的危害，可以比较客观得到建筑陶瓷工业的粉尘危害，对作业环境的改善有比较重要的参考价值。     

急性肺水肿5例经验教训

对于甲状腺及幼儿手术者,术中应注意病人可能发生肺水肿,抢救中除降压、强心、脱水、镇静及激素等治疗外,及时气管插管、正压给氧是抢救该并发症的有力措施．     

慢性肺心病患者血清TNF-α及IL-8改变及意义

探讨了慢性肺心病（ＣＰＨＤ）急性加重期及经治疗缓解后血清白细胞介素－８（ＩＬ－８）和肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）水平的变化．用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了３０例ＣＰＨＤ患者急性加重期及治疗缓解后血清ＩＬ－８和ＴＮＦ－α,并与相应年龄的健康对照组比较．结果发现ＣＰＨＤ患者急性加重期血清ＩＬ－８及ＴＮＦ－α水平显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,且治疗缓解后血清ＴＮＦ－α水平显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,而血清ＩＬ－８水平则基本不变（Ｐ＞０．０５）．说明ＩＬ－８、ＴＮＦ－α参与了ＣＰＨＤ的发生和发展,这为探求治疗新途径提供了依据．     

Preliminary study on circulating serum levels of tumor necrosis factor—Alpha in patients of tuberculosis

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several non-infectious and infectious diseases including tuberculosis. In a prospective longitudinal study, TNF-α level in blood was estimated by sandwich ELISA using anti human TNF-α antibody, in 22 patients with active pleuro-pulmonary and lymphnode tuberculosis before and after chemotherapy and 8 healthy controls. Six patients and six controls had detectable levels (> 5 pg/ml) of TNF-α in blood. The mean TNF-α levels in controls and cases before and after treatment were 182.4pg/ml, 896.7 pg/ml and 678.7pg/ml pg/ml respectively. Though not statistically significant, there was a trend towards younger age, shorter duration of symptoms, presence of fever and anorexia, and high ESR, in patient with high serum TNF-α levels.     

Direct diagnosis ofMycobacterium tuberculosis in blood samples of HIV infected patients by polymerase chain reaction

We have developed a simple, economical and reproducible method for processing blood samples from HIV infected patients for diagnosis of tuberculosis. The procedure was validated on 55 samples selected for tuberculosis based on clinical criteria. 52 patients had radiological changes indicative of pulmonary tuberculosis of which only 28 were positive for AFB in sputum (sensitivity 54%) and 27 for tuberculin (sensitivity 52%). 26 HIV positive patients who showed positive X-ray did not react to tuberculin. The genus PCR probe missed 3 samples (sensitivity 94%) compared to X-ray.M.tuberculosis was detected in the blood of all X-ray positive cases by PCR using TB400 probe (sensitivity 100%) and another probe forM. tuberculosis, IS6110, missed 6 of them (sensitivity 88% compared to X-ray and 89% compared to TB400). It is proposed that this simple sample processing method could be used to screen all blood samples quickly for mycobacteremia using the genus PCR and only those positive for mycobacteria need to be tested forM.tuberculosis. This would save the scarce resources and time by reducing significantly the number of samples to be screened for species confirmation.     

慢性阻塞性肺病传统康复运动处方的制定

目的：制定传统中医康复锻炼的规范化运动处方。方法：选择第一秒用力呼气容积（FEVI）／用力肺活最（FVC）〈70％．且30％〈FEVI占预计值的百分比（FEVI％）〈80％的慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）稳定期患者90例（最后完成的有85例）,按入组先后随机分为对照组、传统中医锻炼组（中医组）和传统中医锻炼运动处方组（处方组）,后2组进行为期8周的运动训练。处方组训练内容为按规范化运动处方要求制定的中医养生呼吸操。治疗前、后进行运动能力、呼吸困难评定。结果：锻炼后6min步行距离（6MWD）中医组从（337．68±59．18）m增加至（386．14±76．71）m．处方组从（348．00±55．94）m增加至（425．17±53．22）m,Borg计分中医组从（3．14±1．94）分降至（2．32±1．25）分,处方组从（3．45±1．84）分降至（1．72±0．70）分,差异均有统计学意义（P≤0．001）。且处方组的变化较中医组更为明显。结论：中医养生锻炼运动处方简单易行,能改善缓解期COPD患者的运动能力,减轻呼吸困难程度,且较传统中医康复锻炼方法更有效,具有可行性。     

简易肺通气机能测试法的设计与研究

运用气球、软尺等日常用品设计肺通气机能测试的方法,对实验设计进行详细解析,并提出改进的意见和建议,为生理学实验提供一定的素材,有利于学生对呼吸机能的掌握。