Serodiagnosis of tuberculosis using two ELISA systems

Serodiagnosis by ELISA has been widely explored over the years, in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Two ELISA systems were evaluated for detection of mycobacterial antibodies in pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis. The two test assays explored were ERBA LISA (TB IgG) test (Anda Biologicals) which uses A60 antigen complex found in the cytosol of typical and atypical mycobacteria, and SEVA TB (IgG) ELISA, which uses a 31 kDa, glycoprotein antigen purified fromM. tb H₃₇Ra culture filtrate. Sera from 98 proven tuberculosis [pulmonary TB (48), tuberculous lymphadenopathy (30), tuberculous meningitis (15) & genitourinary TB (5)] were studied along with 32 healthy controls. The overall positivity obtained using ERBA LISA (TB IgG) test and SEVA TB (IgG) ELISA test was 72.9% and 91.6% in pulmonary tuberculosis, 43.3% and 76.6% in tuberculous lymphadenopathy respectively. The sensitivity of ERBA LISA test in tuberculous meningitis and genito-urinary TB was significantly low (26.6% & 40% respectively) compared to sensitivity obtained using SEVA TB ELISA (86.6% & 60% respectively) with overall specificity of 60% and 87.5%. Thus SEVA TB IgG ELISA test was found to be more sensitive than ERBA LISA in detecting IgG antibodies in tuberculous sera, in particular in extra pulmonary tuberculosis cases.     

Evaluation of the effect and profitability of gene-assisted selection in pig breeding system

Objective:To evaluate the effect and profitability of using the quantitative trait loci (QTL)-linked direct marker (DR marker) in gene-assisted selection (GAS). Methods: Three populations (100, 200, or 300 sows plus 10 boars within each group) with segregating QTL were simulated stochastically. Five economic traits were investigated, including number of born alive (NBA), average daily gain to 100 kg body weight (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), back fat at 100 kg body weight (BF) and intramuscular fat (IMF). Selection was based on the estimated breeding value (EBV) of each trait. The starting frequencies of the QTL's favorable allele were 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5, respectively. The economic return was calculated by gene flow method. Results: The selection efficiency was higher than 100% when DR markers were used in GAS for 5 traits. The selection efficiency for NBA was the highest, and the lowest was for ADG whose QTL had the lowest variance. The mixed model applied DR markers and obtained higher extra genetic gain and extra economic returns. We also found that the lower the frequency of the favorable allele of the QTL, the higher the extra return obtained. Conclusion: GAS is an effective selection scheme to increase the genetic gain and the eco- nomic returns in pig breeding.     

阅读档案袋在英语专业学生课外阅读中的应用

以元认知策略作为理论基础的阅读档案袋应用于英语专业学生课外阅读,可以客观地记录学生在学业上的表现,有利于培养学生的自主学习、自主监督、自主评价以及自主反思能力。利用阅读档案袋指导英语专业学生进行课外阅读,对提高学生的阅读能力具有一定的积极作用。     

运动项目与运动频度对心肺功能影响的相关性研究

[目的]为探讨运动项目与运动频度对心肺功能的影响.[方法]作者利用问卷对大连大学2003级(2001级)公共体育课学生健康状况进行调查.[结果]不同项目、不同活动频度对肺活量、台阶测试指数的影响不同.[结论]对提高学生体质健康水平有较好效果的项目是健美操、足球等有氧运动;1周参加3~4次时间在30 m in以上有氧运动的学生心肺功能在一学期中提高的最明显.     

Decrease in pulmonary diffusion capacity after maximal exercise

Oppression of the chest, cough and orthopnea are well known to occur in some athletes after competitions, maybe reflecting an increase in lung water. In order to indicate if lung water increases after maximal exercise we measured pulmonary diffusion capacity before and 2.1 h after a short maximal arm exercise bout in 11 canoeists and showed a decrease of 6.7%. The result may be explained by a calculated 17% increase in alveolar interstitial volume.     

EFFECT OF NEBULIZED NITROGLYCERIN ON CHILDREN WITH VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT AND PULMONARY HYPERTENSION

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＰｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ(ＰＨ)ｉｓｖｅｒｙｃｏｍｍｏｎａｎｄａｐｒｉｍａｒｙｃａｕｓｅｏｆｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｉｎｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎｗｉｔｈｓｏｍｅｃｏｎｇｅｎｉｔａｌａｎｄａｃｑｕｉｒｅｄｈｅａｒｔａｎｄｌｕｎｇｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ(Ｈｏｆｆｍａｎｅｔａｌ.,1981;Ｂｕｓｈｅｔａｌ.,1988).Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｕｐｔｏｎｏｗ,ｎｏｓａｆｅ,ｓｉｍｐｌｅ,ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅａｎｄｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｖａｓｏｄｉｌａｔｏｒｈａｓｂｅｅｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄ.Ｓｉ…     

体院各专项男生血液动力流变学和肺通气机能的比较研究

研究结果表明 :通过长期运动训练可使血液动力流变学和肺通气机能产生良好适应性变化 ;田径组、篮球组和武术组的大多数参数无明显的组间差异 ,可能与专项训练年限较短、训练水平较低有关。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭应用无创呼吸机的舒适护理效果观察研究

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭应用无创呼吸机的临床护理方法及其疗效。方法:随机选择2012年1月~2014年2月广西中医药大学第一附属医院收治的100例慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭使用无创呼吸机进行治疗的患者,将所有患者随机分为研究组与对照组,每组50例患者。研究组患者给予舒适护理治疗,对照组患者给予常规护理治疗,分析两组的最终护理效果。结果:研究组患者在治疗积极配合率、并发症发生率以及不良情绪发生率上明显优于对照组,研究组患者的PaO2、PH与对照组对比,都明显高于对照组,PaCO2明显低于对照组,两组对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭应用无创呼吸机患者给予舒适护理治疗,可有效改善症状,提高临床疗效,值得推广。     

科技助力结核病防控：现状、进展与对策

结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)导致的结核病(Tuberculosis,TB)这一长期困扰人类的慢性传染病至今依然是全球面临的重大公共卫生问题之一,也是单一传染性病原体致死的主要原因。目前距世界卫生组织(WHO)和联合国(UN)提出的TB控制目标尚有很大差距,如不采取紧急行动并争取尽快实现防控科技上的突破(如获得新疫苗和新药)从而快速降低TB发病率,全球TB防治目标很可能无法实现。文章总结了全球及我国TB发展态势,并分析了科技在TB防治中的贡献。基于以上分析,针对TB科技防治对策进行了思考并提出了建议,包括加强TB的基础研究、研发新型TB疫苗和药物、发展新型TB诊断技术手段、健全体系支撑并加强保障措施等,以期推进我国科技防治TB的政策布局与实践创新,最终促进WHO提出的《终止结核病战略》目标的实现。