大学生Bruce方案运动中气体代谢特征的实验研究

以Bruce运动方案，测定了56名体院与普通大学学生运动中潮气量(Vt)、通气量(VE)、呼吸频率(RR)及潮气末CO2分压(PetCO2)等气体代谢指标，结果显示前三项指标随负荷增加呈非线性增长特征。结果还表明，AT值前Vt上升幅度大于RR，AT值后VE进一步增大，则更多依赖于RR的增加。运动极限时PetCO2升至最高，两组实验者不具差异。     

我国优秀赛艇运动员肺通气机能及其与成绩相关性调查研究

研究目的:了解我国优秀赛艇运动员肺通气机能及其与成绩的相关性,以期发现问题,指导训练。研究方法:以国家赛艇集训队112名运动员为研究对象。利用独立样本T检验、方差分析和Pearson相关进行统计分析。结果:1)赛艇运动员肺功能特点FEV1%(T)为76.5%,显著低于正常成人83%的标准,但FEV1%(G)却达到了93.29%,FEV3%达到了99.98%,超出了普通成年人的水平。说明赛艇运动员吸气不充分,呼气功能相对好于吸气功能。2)赛艇运动员肺通气功能与2 000m测功仪成绩相关性研究发现2 000m测功仪成绩与多数肺功能指标间存在中度甚至高度负相关,即肺功能越好,测功仪上2000m用时越短,成绩越好。结论:赛艇运动员肺通气机能良好,但呼气机能相对好于吸气机能。赛艇运动员肺通气机能与运动成绩之间存在中、高度相关,肺通气机能越好,比赛成绩越好。     

Teacher Access and Mentoring Abilities: Predicting the Outcome Value of Extra Class Communication

Reasoning from Sunnafrank's theory of predicted outcome value (POV), this investigation examined how students' assessments of their teachers' accessibility and mentoring abilities influenced their perceptions of the predicted value of engaging in extra class communication (ECC). Student perceptions of teacher physical and social accessibility, along with teacher mentoring abilities (including career, course, and psychosocial), were all substantially and positively related to students' ratings of the POV of ECC. However, only social accessibility, course mentoring, and career mentoring emerged as significant predictors of POV in the regression model. These findings validate POV theory by confirming that students readily assess what they have to gain (or lose) from potential ECC encounters based on what their teachers can offer them. These findings are discussed with regard to understanding how students may be motivated to realize the benefits of ECC.     

大理州2011年网络直报肺结核／疑似肺结核患者转诊及追踪结果分析

目的：分析阆络直报肺结核／疑似肺结核患者转诊及追踪情况,为制定强化措施提供依据。方法：查阅大理州肺结核管理资料,对转诊及追踪结果进行统计分析。结果：大理州2011年网络直报肺结核／疑似肺结核4127例,转诊及追踪总体到位率为92．82％,未到位的主要原因是拒绝就诊、外出务工、查无此人等。结论：在实施肺结核／疑似肺结核转诊及追踪工作中,要进一步强化医疗机构与结核病防治机构间协作机制。     

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis infection in the dialysis patients with end stage renal diseases: case reports and literature review

The diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) seems relatively difficult due to the absence of specific symptoms and signs in patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis.We report four cases of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis on dialysis,with two cases on peritoneal dialysis and two cases on hemodialysis.The presentations,therapy,and outcomes of TB infection in these patients were reviewed.Otherwise,the English literature published in the PubMed database associating extra-pulmonary tuberculosis on dialysis over the last three decades is reviewed.A total of 61 studies containing 70 cases were included.The most common primary disease was diabetic nephropathy(22.86%,16/70).The peritoneum(31.42%,22/70),bone(21.42%,15/70),and lymph node(20%,14/70) were the most frequently infected.Single organ infection was common(90%,63/70).Fever(58.57%,41/70),pain(35.71%,25/70),and enlarged lymph node(20%,14/70) were the most common symptoms.Biopsy(67.14%,47/70) and culture(40%,28/70) provided most reliable methods for clear diagnosis of tuberculosis.The combined treatment of isoniazid,rifampicin,pyrazinamide,and ethambutol(44.29%,31/70) was the most common therapy.The majority of patients improved(82.86%,58/70);however,12 cases got worse(17.14%),with 10 of them dying(14.29%).Physicians should be aware of the non-specific symptoms and location of infection,and consider tuberculosis in their differential diagnoses in dialysis patients presenting with symptoms such as fever,pain,and weight loss.     

Physiological and Anatomical Characteristics Of Outstanding Female Junior Tennis Players

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological adaptations of resistance training (RT) in prepubertal boys. Methods: Eighteen healthy boys were divided into RT (n = 9, M_age = 10.4 ± 0.5 years) and control (CTR; n = 9, M_age = 10.9 ± 0.7 years) groups. The RT group underwent a resistance training during 12 weeks, 3 times per week, performing 3 sets of 6 to 15 repetitions at intensities ranging from 60% to 80% of maximal dynamic strength (1-repetition maximum [1-RM] values). Before and after the training, the groups were assessed in their body mass and composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), isokinetic dynamometry, 1-RM, and ergoespirometry. Moreover, force per unit of muscle volume was calculated by the quotient between 1-RM and lean mass. Results: Both groups presented statistically significant (p < .05) increases in the 1-RM and force per unit of muscle volume in the knee extension and elbow flexion, but these strength increases were statistically significantly greater in the RT group (effect size [ES] = 2.83–9.00) than in the CTR group (ES = 0.72–1.00). Moreover, both groups statistically significantly increased in lean body mass variables (ES = 0.12–0.38). However, increases in the fat mass variables occurred only in the CTR group (ES = ? 0.01–0.50), whereas no changes were observed in the RT group. Furthermore, there were statistically significant increases in all bone mineral content variables (ES = 0.13–0.43), without differences between groups. No cardiorespiratory changes were observed. Conclusion: Twelve weeks of RT was effective in improving strength and force per unit of muscle volume and prevented fat mass increases in boys.     

体育锻炼对老年人肺功能的影响

本文研究比较了西安市180位体育锻炼老年人肺功能变化特征,结果表明:西安地区老年人肺活量、时间肺功量和最大通气量等肺功能指标均值比北京、广州等地区老年人均值低;体育锻炼可明显提高老年人肺功能水平,其中最大通气量提高幅度最大;同时,体育锻炼可使老年人身体素质全面提高,这对预防呼吸系统疾病的发生和延缓肺功能的减退起着“标本兼顾”的作用。建议西安地区老年人应加强和重视通过体育锻炼提高肺功能水平。     

运用多普勒超声显示技术对优秀举重、摔跤运动员右心室功能的研究

利用多普勒超声显示技术对10名举重运动员、10名摔跤运动员和10名健康人的右心室进行了研究，分别测量了受试者安静时的三尖瓣血流频谱、肺动脉血流频谱，结果发现，经专项训练的优秀举重、摔跤运动员的右心室心肌活动协调能力提高，举重、摔跤运动员的右心室收缩、舒张功能均优于对照组，但亦显示反映舒张功能的参数E峰加速时间、E峰减速度的变化和病理性心脏的变化相似，提示举重、摔跤运动员右心室的发展过程中可能存在生理性向病理性变化的潜在因素。同时，也提示了摔跤运动员对右心功能方面的变化优于举重运动员。本研究使我们能够进一步了解力量训练对运动员心脏功能的影响，并为力量项目运动员心脏的研究提供新的参数。     

运动训练对心血管功能和肺通气功能的影响

从四方面论述了急、慢性运动对机体心血管功能和肺通气功能的影响 ,并对研究心肺功能变化的仪器、方法及存在问题作了系统的分析。