高强度的环境规制能够促进国内大气科技创新吗？——以〖SO〗_2排放控制技术为例

从理论上来说,波特弱假说涉及双重外部性问题,即大气污染的负外部性和技术创新的正外部性,环境规制和知识产权保护合力才能予以切实彻底解决,而后者并没有得到普遍重视。本文认为,波特弱假说需要考虑知识产权保护强度。以SO_2排放控制技术为例,本文运采用2000-2013年省际省份面板数据,结合固定效应模型进行实证研究检验了知识产权保护对于波特弱假说的作用。结果发现,当知识产权保护较弱时,环境规制对大气科技创新具有呈现负向影响;。只有当知识产权保护较强时力度超过一定阈值时,环境规制才会对大气科技创新产生正向影响,波特弱假说成立。此外,环境规制和知识产权保护影响大气科技创新的交叉效应主要出现在企业,而非科研院所和个人,创新主体存在明显的差异性。     

The interplay of cognitive and relational social capital dimensions in university-industry collaboration: Overcoming the experience barrier

The use of university-industry collaboration in the innovation process is viewed as a major driver of firm competitiveness. The organizational dynamics underlying successful external relationships, however, remain poorly understood. Using longitudinal case studies of 15 innovation projects, we examine how firms with varying degrees of experience in collaborating with universities and public research organizations rely on different social capital dimensions to achieve successful collaborations. We find that experienced firms establish external collaborations on the basis of cognitive social capital, but this basis is reinforced by relational social capital over time. Conversely, less experienced firms initially base their university collaborations on relational social capital, which is reinforced by cognitive social capital over time. Based on these findings, we theorize on the interplay of different dimensions of social capital in university-industry collaborations over time. Our study has important implications for the management of collaborative innovation projects. In particular, it provides guidance to enable less experienced firms to develop successful collaborations with university partners.     

土地利用纹理样本数据库的建立

本文概述了多种数据源,多时相的所有类别的不同表现形式的土地利用纹理样本数据的采集、建库等一系列工作,介绍了土地利用纹理样本库德体系结构,主要功能以及设计方法,并分析了XML、OO4O等关键技术。     

P2P技术浅析

文章先将P2P模式与传统的C/S模式相比较,并论述了P2P技术应用的几个领域、技术分类及其存在的一些问题.     

Patenting and US academic research in the 20th century: The world before and after Bayh-Dole

The dramatic growth of patenting and licensing of publicly funded research by American research universities in the closing quarter of the 20th century has stimulated some of the highest-profile debates in science and technology policy today. The issue of what aspects of academic research should be public - and what private - lies at the heart of each of these debates. The movement of academic scientists into commercialisation of discoveries and inventions has been extolled by some as a new model of academic research, one which facilitates economic and social returns from universities. At the same time, this trend has been criticised by others as representing a socially inefficient ‘privatisation’ of academic research and as a threat to the ethos of science itself. This paper places these debates in historical context, with a review of changes in American universities’ patenting policies, procedures and practices throughout the 20th century, an assessment of the logic underlying the passage of the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, and an overview of its effects on economic returns from university research.     

城市化对家庭CO2排放影响的区域差异————基于中国省级面板数据的分析

随着中国城市化的快速发展,家庭部门成为CO₂排放的重要增长点.本文在计算2000-2012年30个省(直辖市,自治区,除港,澳,台,西藏外)家庭CO₂排放的基础上,构建面板模型分析了城市化对其影响的区域差异.结果表明:①城市化发展促进了30个省(直辖市,自治区)家庭CO₂排放的增加,但是区域差异较大.城市化水平对家庭直接CO₂排放影响程度高的省份,集中在东部和东北地区,如上海,黑龙江和吉林等;城市化水平对家庭间接CO₂排放影响程度高的省份,集中在东部地区,如上海,北京,浙江和广东等;影响程度中等和低的省份主要交错分布在中国中部,西部地区,如宁夏,贵州以及安徽;②进一步从消费支出弹性视角分析了区域差异的原因,发现城市化水平对家庭CO₂排放影响越高的区域,其CO₂排放的消费支出弹性越高.直接CO₂排放的弹性差异主要与汽油,电力消费的增加幅度有关,间接CO₂排放的弹性差异主要与来自工业部门的消费支出增加幅度有关.因此,在城市化水平对家庭直接CO₂排放影响程度高的区域,重点是发展公共交通并注重日常生活节能;在城市化水平对家庭间接CO₂排放影响程度高的区域,重点是提高工业部门的能源使用效率.     

浅议数据包捕获技术

根据文本内容实施相应的操作,实现基于内容的网页信息过滤功能,首要前提就是有良好的数据包捕获技术,分析了数据包捕获的主要关键技术,提出相应的系统实现基础,为以后的网络信息检索技术的具体实现奠定了基础.     

More is not always better: Effects of collaboration breadth and depth on radical and incremental innovation performance at the project level

This study investigates the effect of project-level collaboration breadth (i.e., the number of collaboration partner types) and collaboration depth (i.e., the intensity of the interactions with these partners) on the incremental and radical innovation performance of innovation projects. The econometric analyses, based on a Community Innovation Study sample of 218 innovation projects conducted in German manufacturing companies, reveal inverted U-shaped relationships between collaboration breadth and radical innovation performance and between collaboration depth and incremental innovation performance. These curvilinear effects speak to the high sensitivity of innovation projects to the extent of collaborative activity, which implies that practitioners should exert caution in managing collaborative innovation projects. This study contributes to the understanding of project-level open innovation and to the overall understanding of the performance effects of innovation collaboration, which, following recent assertions in the literature, could be flawed by analyses conducted at the organizational level.     

BitTorrent下载技术研究

BitTorrent是第四代网络下载技术,是一种多点下载、源码公开的p2p软件,通过构建覆盖网实现协作并发下载.BitTorrent协议是一种公开的P2P协议,分为节点问协议和节点与跟踪器协议.     

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and hsCRP in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital

PCOS is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder with diverse clinical presentation. Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of this disease. Serumhigh sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of chronic low grade inflammation, is indicative of future development of cardiovascular disease. Our aim is to evaluate the oxidant status and hsCRP levels in PCOS. The study involved 61 cases and 61 controls in the age group of 18–40 years diagnosed with PCOS. Erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum hsCRP, gonadotrophins, thyroid stimulating hormone, prolactin, glycemic status and lipid profile were estimated. Erythrocyte MDA (p < 0.001), SOD (p = 0.007) and serum hsCRP (p < 0.001) were significantly elevated in PCOS patients than controls. Oxidative stress is present in women with PCOS along with elevated hsCRP.