Calculating the blue economy: producing trust in numbers with business tools and reflexive objectivity

ABSTRACT

The ‘blue economy’ has in recent years become a leading concept for envisioning what may come after the fossil-based era. In efforts at calculating the potential economic value of the ocean, policy-oriented documents seek to unite diverse actors around common goals. Through the calculation of numbers, large-scale and long-term policy visions are being crystallized. But how do such numbers come into being in practice? This article interrogates this question with an example from the Norwegian context: the established policy goal of a so-called ‘five-fold increase’ in marine value creation in the year 2050. While powerful numbers are commonly expected to be produced through the procedures of ‘mechanical objectivity’ that involve strict quantification and scientific methods, our analysis shows a rather different route towards a powerful number: By loosely combining tools developed for business management, the number is calculated by, first, openly combining qualitative and narrative operations into the calculation and then, next, decoupling qualitative uncertainties from the quantified potential. The result is a calculative process that takes the form of what we suggest to call ‘reflexive objectivity’ and a policy-oriented number that encourages risk-taking and action over restraint and precaution.     

Requirements on Business Interpreters

On the whole, the requirements on business interpreters are almost the same with other interpreters. However, the characteristics of business activities requires that the interpreter should have wide knowledge of the business proper names and phrases, the sensitivity against numbers and the awareness of the different cultures in trade. To be an interpreter in business, one should pay special attention to these aspects.     

关于积分方法的探讨

针对各种积分的特点,本文给出计算积分的几种典型方法。这包括：初等函数的积分方法。挟元积分法,分部积分法,有理数积分法和其他几类函数的积分法等。     

不同游泳时间和次数对大鼠血乳酸、肌乳酸、肌糖元、肝糖元的影响

模拟水球比赛参数研究不同负重条件下,不同游泳时间、不同训练次数对SD大鼠BHL、MHL、肌糖元、肝糖元变化的影响。结果与结论:(1)在SD大鼠12%负重游泳1-2分钟的运动训练中,递增负荷运动后A、B、C组血清BHL含量与前一组相比上升明显,具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。表明:该运动的能量代谢以乳酸增加为代表,并随着运动次数的不断增加,血乳酸与肌乳酸值不断增加。(2)在SD大鼠6%负重游泳16分钟的运动训练中,随着运动次数的增加,血乳酸逐步上升(p<0.05),肌糖原逐步减少(p<0.01),肝糖原没有明显变化,血糖呈下降趋势。表明该运动的能量代谢以糖有氧供能为主,并随着运动次数的不断增加,能量代谢逐步转化为以有氧为基础,糖酵解逐步增加的过程。     

数字摭谈

论述了数字是科学决策与管理的依据,是统计工作的基础.     

爱舍尔花园建筑形式研究

本文以未确知数学理论为基础,对新型建筑形式进行评估。     

供应链知识共享绩效的模糊综合评价方法

针对供应链知识共享绩效难以评价的问题,结合供应链特点分析了影响知识共享绩效的主要因素,建立了一套包括知识获取能力、知识运用能力、知识共享能力等几个不同方面的多层次综合评价指标体系。在此基础上,基于三角模糊数和模糊层次分析法,评价供应链知识共享绩效并给出了方法的具体步骤。最后通过算例给出了方法的应用。     

基于文献统计分析法的专利计量分析研究

本文在介绍文献统计分析法的基础上,从专利数量统计分析的角度研究了文献统计分析方法在专利计量分析中的适用性和差异性,并从时序变化和国别分布两方面对雷达成像技术的科学论文和专利数量的统计结果进行了对比分析.     

关于Fibonacci行列式的性质

本文定义了Fibonacci行列式,并对其性质进行了讨论。     

古典诗词中的数字及其英译

全文两部分:第一部分介绍了中国古典诗词中数字的使用与分类,分析了数字在诗词中的修辞功能,提出了欣赏数字艺术功能的主要方法;第二部分从诗词英译实例中归纳出数字英译的四种基本方法,并对不同译法进行了比较和评析.