基于空间光调制器和CCD的衍射光学实验系统

开发了基于空间光调制器(SLM)和数码摄像机(CCD)的新型衍射光学实验系统。用SLM取代掩模板,用AutoCAD、Matlab等绘图软件,在PC机屏幕上绘制小孔、狭缝以及复杂的几何图形,再通过接口电路传输到SLM。用扩束准直后的激光束照射SLM,通过透镜在其后方借助CCD实时观察各图案的衍射图像,可对其菲涅耳与夫琅和费衍射特性进行观察和在线测量分析。该系统能够完成典型几何图案、小孔狭缝、多种形状随机分布孔等三类对象的衍射实验。系统实时性好,衍射图像可存储和处理,灵活方便。     

单片机综合实验箱的研制

介绍了一种新型单片机综合实验箱的研制目的,阐述该装置的基本设计思想、总体设计方案和结构特点,介绍了该装置基本模块的功能。     

Mathematica互交功能在物理教学中的应用

数学软件Mathematica是一款功能强大的软件,有着广泛的应用。通过机械波的干涉和光栅衍射的实例,简单介绍了如何利用Mathematica来制作互动应用。以此来加强课堂教学效果,激发学生的兴趣,加深他们的理解。     

不等长双缝夫琅禾费衍射光强分布

根据夫琅禾费衍射与傅立叶变换的关系,数值计算了由宽度相同而长度不同双缝组成衍射平面的夫琅禾费衍射光强分布,结果表明双缝长度之比是影响干涉条纹的可见度的主要因素。     

单扫描示波极谱法测定皮蛋中微量铅的方法研究

在0.01g/mL碘化钾,0.016g/mL酒石酸钾钠,0.001g/mL抗坏血酸,0.24mol/L盐酸底液中,采用单扫描示波极谱法获得铅和碘络合物吸附波,用于皮蛋中微量铅的测量。文中讨论了碘化钾、酒石酸钾钠、抗坏血酸、盐酸的加入量及静止时间对反应的影响从而确定了适宜的实验条件。实验表明,铅在此底液中峰电位在-520mV,峰电流与铅离子的浓度在0.2～1.0μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为:Iy=2 492.2Cx+332.1,相关系数r2=0.999 4。回收率为98.4%～103.9%。此方法测定皮蛋中微量铅,仪器简单,操作快速、简便,准确度高,测定结果令人满意。     

基于GPS技术的多功能户外安全仪设计

以低功耗单片机MSP430F247为控制核心,通过对GPS模块、大气压传感器、湿度传感器(SHT71)与时钟芯片(DS1302)采集的信息进行处理,文中设计了一个能测量和显示经度、纬度和海拔高度、大气压力、温度、湿度、速度和移动方向的系统.该系统具有电子指南针、电子导航、路点轨迹描绘、天气预测、秒表、万年历、时钟、闹钟、音乐播放和自动校正时间的功能.     

环的极大理想的判别法及其性质

素理想和极大理想是环的理想中的两种重要理想,文章探讨了极大理想的判别法和它的性质.     

Single lithium-ion channel polymer binder for stabilizing sulfur cathodes

Lithium–sulfur batteries have great potential for high-performance energy-storage devices, yet the severe diffusion of soluble polysulfide to electrolyte greatly limits their practical applications. To address the above issues, herein we design and synthesize a novel polymer binder with single lithium-ion channels allowing fast lithium-ion transport while blocking the shuttle of unnecessary polysulfide anions. In situ UV–vis spectroscopy measurements reveal that the prepared polymer binder has effective immobilization to polysulfide intermediates. As expected, the resultant sulfur cathode achieves an excellent specific capacity of 1310 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.2 C, high Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% at 0.5 C after 100 cycles and stable cycling performance for 300 cycles at 1 C (1 C = 1675 mA g⁻¹). This study reports a new avenue to assemble a polymer binder with a single lithium-ion channel for solving the serious problem of energy attenuation of lithium–sulfur batteries.     

Regulating surface wrinkles using light

Regulating existing micro and nano wrinkle structures into desired configurations is urgently necessary yet remains challenging, especially modulating wrinkle direction and location on demand. In this work, we propose a novel light-controlled strategy for surface wrinkles, which can dynamically and precisely regulate all basic characteristics of wrinkles, including wavelength, amplitude, direction and location (λ, A, θ and L_c), and arbitrarily tune wrinkle topographies in two dimensions (2D). By considering the bidirectional Poisson''s effect and soft boundary conditions, a modified theoretical model depicting the relation between stress distributions and the basic characteristics was developed to reveal the mechanical mechanism of the regulation strategy. Furthermore, the resulting 2D ordered wrinkles can be used as a dynamic optical grating and a smart template to reversibly regulate the morphology of various functional materials. This study will pave the way for wrinkle regulation and guide fabrication technology for functional wrinkled surfaces.     

YBa2Cu3-x GdxO7-δ的X射线衍射研究

用传统的固相反应法制备了掺杂稀土元素Gd的YBa2Cu3-xGdxO7-δ多晶粉末样品,并对YBa2Cu3-xGdxO7-δ结构进行X射线衍射研究。详细研究了Gd掺杂对YBa2Cu3O7-δ(Y-123)的结构与输运性质的影响。借助Rietveld方法,对不同掺杂的样品进行了细致的结构分析,并从结构的变化分析了掺杂对自旋隙产生的影响。对Gd3 离子磁掺杂自旋隙特征的研究说明自旋隙温度很大程度地依赖平面间的反铁磁关联配对的加强。