Effect of Vitamin B<Subscript>12</Subscript> and Folate on Homocysteine levels in colorectal cancer

Folate and cobalamin (Vitamin B₁₂) are two essential micronutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism, which affects heart disease, neural tube defects and cancer. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, the key enzyme involved in one carbon metabolism produces methyl tetrahydrofolate from methylene tetrahydrofolate, which in turn donates methyl group to homocysteine to generate methionine. There exist two common low function polymorphic variants of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene involving nucleotides 677 C→T and 1298 A→C, which are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. These polymorphisms are also linked with increased risk for certain cancers such as breast cancer and at the same time providing a protective effect on colorectal cancer. In this case control study, we have evaluated levels of folic acid, vitamin B₁₂ and homocysteine in patients with colorectal cancer. Folate and homocysteine levels did not differ significantly between the two groups; however an increasing trend was noticed with increase in homocysteine levels. Vitamin B₁₂ levels were increased in cases compared to control group.     

Evaluation of immunohistochemistry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for HER-2/neu expression in breast carcinoma

HER-2 is overexpressed in approximately 20–30% of invasive Breast Cancer. ECD of the HER-2 protein is frequently cleaved and released into the circulation, where it can be detected by ELISA in up to 45% of patients with metastatic breast cancer. The objective of our study was to compare the current methods for the detection of HER-2 protein. Tissue HER-2 levels were studied in 100 breast cancer patients by IHC and compared with serum HER-2 levels by ELISA. IHC frequency was 29%. Serum HER-2 ECD was positive in 42% of patients. A statistically significant correlation was observed. HER-2 detected by IHC correlates significantly with serum HER-2 levels detected by ELISA. Thus, ELISA is a reliable and economical tool to assess the HER-2 status in tumors, when breast tissue sample is not available.     

SRB显色法用于抗癌药物敏感性试验的研究

采用ＳＲＢ显色法对９６孔培养板中短期培养的人大肠癌细胞株Ｃｏｌｏ２０５、人骨肉瘤细胞株ＯＳ７３２,人舌癌细胞株Ｔｃａ８１１３经５－ＦＵ,顺铂,蟾酥等药物处理后的活性进行了研究。结果表明,ＳＲＢ法对这些细胞株的体外抗癌药物敏感试验结果稳定,该法与其它细胞毒试验相比有一定优点,值得推广应用。     

乳腺癌骨转移患者社会支持、情绪状态和疼痛灾难化的关系

为了解乳腺癌骨转移患者疼痛灾难化状况及与社会支持、情绪状态的关系,采用方便抽样的方法对某医院乳腺癌骨转移患者82人进行调查分析.结果显示,乳腺癌骨转移患者PCS、SSRS、PANAS-PA和PANAS-NA 评分分别为(37.54± 10.37)分、(30.77± 12.54)分、(18.65±7.24)分和(35.55±6.92)分;SSRS总分、PANAS-PA与PCS总分及各维度间均存在显著负相关(P<0.05,P<0.01);情绪状态、社会支持进入对PCS预测的回归方程(R²=0.360,P<0.001);正性情绪的提升、同伴支持的增强对疼痛的积极应对、合理归因、降低灾难化水平有积极意义.     

Hyperinsulinemia and Hypoadiponectinemia are Associated with Increased Risk for Occurrence of Ovarian Cancer in Non-diabetic Women of North Indian Population

Ovarian cancer has been emerged as a most common and lethal gynecological malignancy in India. High serum insulin and low adiponectin have been associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer. But their role in development of ovarian cancer is conflicting and little evidence is available. We aimed to evaluate blood levels of insulin and adiponectin in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and their association with the risk to develop EOC. The study included following three groups; Group 1: fifty cases of cytohistopathologically confirmed cases of EOC, Group 2: fifty age matched cases of benign ovarian conditions and Group 3: fifty ages matched healthy controls with no evidence of any benign or malignant ovarian pathology as ruled out by clinical examination and relevant investigations. Cytohistopathologically confirmed and newly diagnosed cases of EOC and benign ovarian cancer were included in this study. The median value of fasting serum insulin was significantly high (15.0 µlU/ml, P = 0.02) and adiponectin were significantly low (5.1 µg/ml, P < 0.001) in ovarian cancer patients compared to benign ovarian tumors and healthy controls group. A significant increase risk of ovarian cancer was found in high tertile (≥ 18.7 µlU/ml) of serum insulin level (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.00–6.67, P = 0.04) and lower tertile (≤ 5.45 µg/ml) of adiponectin level (OR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.10–9.71, P = 0.03). High serum insulin level and low adiponectin levels were significantly associated with increased risk for development of ovarian cancer.     

抗癌食品与防癌机理综述

癌症是人类的一大疾患,严重地威胁着人体生命,对于癌症的发病机理、成因、预防措施、诊治技术等方面的研究是目前全世界十分关注的重大课题.对抗癌食品以及抗癌的原理和方法等进行论述.     

原发性胆囊癌28例诊治体会

目的提高原发性胆囊癌的治疗效果.方法对我院近10年来28例胆囊癌进行分析.结果外科手术是治疗胆囊癌的有效措施.结论早期诊断是提高治疗效果的关键.     

国内有关硒与癌症发生相关文献的评价

目的:通过对国内有关硒与癌症发生的相关文献进行循证医学评价来了解目前相关文献的质量现状.方法:在生物医学文献数据库中以"硒"和"癌症"为主题词检索建库至2014年6月的相关文献,对检出的文献进行筛选后,利用九级证据评价标准及M量表对所纳入的文献进行评价.结果:九级评价标准:纳入的376篇文献中系统评价/Meta分析的文献为0篇,随机对照试验(RCT)文献33篇,其他343篇.M量表:33篇RCT文献评价结果中4分的文献有3篇,未见大于4分的文献.结论:九级评价结果:目前国内有关硒与癌症关系的研究中,动物研究和体外研究占多数,RCT研究相对较少,系统评价/Meta分析文献未见.M量表评价结果:目前国内有关硒与癌症发生相关文献的质量整体水平不高,在实验研究设计中存在很多问题,有待进一步提高.高质量证据的研究表明硒具有防癌治癌的作用,硒制剂能够增强一些化疗药物的疗效,并且减少化疗或放疗对人体产生的副作用.     

热休克蛋白(HSP70、HSP27)在食管癌组织中表达的意义

目的 :探讨HSP70和HSP2 7在食管癌组织中的表达情况。方法 :采用SP免疫组织化学染色检测 5 9例食管癌组织中HSP70和HSP2 7。结果 :HSP70和HSP2 7的总阳性率分别为 6 4.4 1% (38/5 9)和 5 8.6 2 % (34/5 8) ,HSP70和HSP2 7的共同阳性率为 30 .0 0 % (9/30 )。结论 :在食管癌中HSP70和HSP2 7普遍表达。     

Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in cervical cancer patients

Cervical cancer (CaCx) is a global public health problem as it is the second most common cancer leading to the death of women worldwide. Many references revealed that the low levels of antioxidants induce the generation of free radicals leading to DNA damage and further mutations. In the present study attempt have been made to evaluate the levels of serum Lipid peroxide, Nitric Oxide (NO^.) Erythrocytic—Superoxide Dismutase (RBC-SOD), Vitamin-C, serum Copper (Cu) and serum Zinc (Zn). 120 patients were divided in 4 groups according to the increasing CaCx stages i.e. stage I, II, III & IV respectively. All the patients were around the age group of 25–65 years. 30 healthy women between the same age group were treated as controls. Highly significant increased values of MDA, NO^. and Cu were observed (p<0.001) whereas the activity of RBC-SOD, levels of Vitamin-C and Zn were significantly decreased in CaCx patients as compared with healthy controls (p<0.001). Cu/Zn ratio was found to be altered in CaCx patients. From our findings it can be concluded that the oxidative stress is induced among CaCx patients, which inturn increases the risk of CaCx.