Comparison of Haptic and Biometric Properties,Bacterial Load,and Student Perception of Fixative Solutions: Formaldehyde Versus Chilean Conservative Fixative Solution with and without Formaldehyde in Pig Kidneys

One of the most widely used solutions to fix and preserve organic tissues is formaldehyde, despite reservations regarding its toxicity and the fact that formaldehyde-embalmed bodies lose their original characteristics. Anatomy laboratories have been replacing formaldehyde with solutions that retain the characteristics of fresh tissue. For this purpose, alternative solutions with a very low concentration of formaldehyde or without any formaldehyde have been analyzed. The objective of this study was to compare biometry, coloration, haptic properties, and bacterial load on animal specimens (pig kidneys) embalmed with formaldehyde, and with Chilean Conservative Fixative Solution with and without formaldehyde (formaldehyde chCFS and formaldehyde-free chCFS). Also, the perception of health and biological science students toward specimens treated with different solutions was assessed. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in specimens’ retraction, or bacterial load. Students showed a preference for organs embalmed in formaldehyde chCFS and formaldehyde-free chCFS; indicating that with these treatments they could better visualize structures and that the prosections had greater flexibility and the colors were more similar to those of fresh tissue. Additionally, students recommended the material embalmed in formaldehyde chCFS and formaldehyde-free chCFS for anatomy learning. In contrast, students indicated that formaldehyde-fixation negatively affected their practical experience. In conclusion, embalming with formaldehyde chCFS or formaldehyde-free chCFS provides an advantageous practical experience over the use of formaldehyde and may be an alternative to replace the use of formaldehyde in anatomy laboratories.     

Statistical learning for OCR error correction

Modern OCR engines incorporate some form of error correction, typically based on dictionaries. However, there are still residual errors that decrease performance of natural language processing algorithms applied to OCR text. In this paper, we present a statistical learning model for post-processing OCR errors, either in a fully automatic manner or followed by minimal user interaction to further reduce error rate. Our model employs web-scale corpora and integrates a rich set of linguistic features. Through an interdependent learning pipeline, our model produces and continuously refines the error detection and suggestion of candidate corrections. Evaluated on a historical biology book with complex error patterns, our model outperforms various baseline methods in the automatic mode and shows an even greater advantage when involving minimal user interaction. Quantitative analysis of each computational step further suggests that our proposed model is well-suited for handling volatile and complex OCR error patterns, which are beyond the capabilities of error correction incorporated in OCR engines.     

Dissection in the Modern Medical Curriculum: An Exploration into Student Perception and Adaptions for the Future

For centuries cadaveric dissection has been a cornerstone of medical anatomy education. However, time and financial limitations in modern, compressed medical curricula, coupled with the abundance of alternate modalities, have raised questions about the role of dissection. This study was designed to explore student perceptions of the efficacy of a dissection program for learning musculoskeletal anatomy, and possible adaptations for appropriate inclusion of dissection in the modern medical curricula. A paper-based questionnaire was used to collect data from 174 medical students after completion of cadaveric dissections. Data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Students strongly believed that cadaver-based learning is essential to anatomy education and modern teaching modalities only complement this. Moreover, most students reported that dissection provided an additional, immersive learning experience that facilitated active learning and helped in developing manual competencies. Students with previous dissection experience or an interest in anatomy-related specialties were significantly more likely to attend dissection sessions. Students found that the procedural dissection components enhanced the knowledge of applied anatomy and is beneficial for the development of clinical skills. They welcomed the idea of implementing more procedure-based dissections alongside lectures and prosections-based practical (PBP) sessions. Cadaveric dissection plays an integral role in medical anatomy education. Time restraints and an increased focus on clinical significance, however, demand carefully considered adaptations of existing dissection protocols. The introduction of procedure-based dissection offers an innovative, highly engaging and clinically relevant package that would amalgamate skills essential to medical practice while retaining the benefits that have allowed dissection to stand the test of time.     

VB.NET中的异常处理技术研究

探讨VB6．0中采用On Error、Resume、Err对象等进行错误处理的技术以及VB．NET中采用Try… Catch… Finally语句块、Exception对象、创建自定义Exception类等进行异常处理的技术，对结构化和非结构化异常处理机制和技术进行比较，并对采用VB．NET语言开发应用软件时如何使用异常处理技术进行举例说明。     

Regression Models with Errors in the Predictor Variable

In this article Simon Day describes a computer simulation exploring one of the fundamental assumptions of regression analysis which causes students difficulties.     

错误分析理论在汉译英翻译教学中的应用

本文以错误分析理论为依据,探讨了大学生汉译英翻译中出现的一些问题,并得出一些对翻译教学的启示。     

基于Visual Basic软件的直线度误差精确评定

根据最小条件法求直线度得出结果具有唯一性和准确性的特点,基于Visual Basic软件,利用最小条件法编写直线度误差软件。该软件具有数据输入、数据处理和数据输出等功能。以实例表明其结果是正确和唯一的。     

H.264中差错掩盖算法

本文对视频新标准H.264中采用的两种典型差错掩盖算法进行了详尽的阐述,并对其适应环境以及它们对视频质量改进的性能作了简要分析。     

基于CDMA多用户检测的方法

本文主要给出了CDMA系统和CDMA多用户检测的一般模型，并列出了目前CDMA多用户检测的几种解决方案及其性能的比较，提出了CDMA多用户检测还有许多需要完善的方面。     

对消费函数的几点认识

一般把消费和收入的关系称为消费函数.长期消费函数公式为C=C0＋bY.消费函数和储蓄函数互为补函数.我国最终消费占GDP的比例偏低,居民人均消费和人均收入的比例也偏低.最终消费率和城乡人均消费率过低是制约经济发展的一个重大问题,应采取措施不断提高消费率,不断扩大消费需求,以促进国民经济快速健康发展.