“绩效雷达图”的设计及其在员工绩效能力考评中的应用

将财务分析中的雷达图分析法引入员工绩效能力考评,设计出对员工单个时期或多个时期绩效能力进行考评的绩效雷达图。这种考评方法,可以更加科学、公正地对员工的绩效能力进行评估,并将绩效能力评估的结果一目了然地表达出来,使评估者更直接地了解被评估者的绩效和能力,包括一个人单时期的绩效能力、一个人多时期的绩效能力、多人单时期的绩效能力情况和多人多时期的绩效能力情况。绩效雷达图还可以对员工进行长期的绩效能力跟踪,有助于企业进行科学的薪酬管理。     

Reduction in ground reaction force variables with instructed barefoot running

BackgoundBarefoot (BF) running has recently increased in popularity with claims that it is more natural and may result in fewer injuries due to a reduction in impact loading. However, novice BF runners do not necessarily immediately switch to a forefoot strike pattern. This may increase mechanical parameters such as loading rate, which has been associated with certain running-related injuries, specifically, tibial stress fractures, patellofemoral pain, and plantar fasciitis. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in loading parameters between typical shod running and instructed BF running with real-time force feedback.MethodsForty-nine patients seeking treatment for a lower extremity injury ran on a force-sensing treadmill in their typical shod condition and then BF at the same speed. While BF they received verbal instruction and real-time feedback of vertical ground reaction forces.ResultsWhile 92% of subjects (n = 45) demonstrated a rearfoot strike pattern when shod, only 2% (n = 1) did during the instructed BF run. Additionally, while BF 47% (n = 23) eliminated the vertical impact transient in all eight steps analyzed. All loading variables of interest were significantly reduced from the shod to instructed BF condition. These included maximum instantaneous and average vertical loading rates of the ground reaction force (p < 0.0001), stiffness during initial loading (p < 0.0001), and peak medial (p = 0.001) and lateral (p < 0.0001) ground reaction forces and impulses in the vertical (p < 0.0001), medial (p = 0.047), and lateral (p < 0.0001) directions.ConclusionAs impact loading has been associated with certain running-related injuries, instruction and feedback on the proper forefoot strike pattern may help reduce the injury risk associated with transitioning to BF running.     

Biomechanical loading in the triple jump

The triple jump is a demanding field event in which a jumper must tolerate extremely high impact forces while maintaining high horizontal speed. The present study was designed to clarify the mechanical loading characteristics and the role of neuromuscular function in the triple jump. Seven national triple jumpers (4 males, 3 females) volunteered to perform 3-6 jumps. The mean best performances were 14.32 - 0.45 m and 11.90 - 0.28 m for males and females, respectively. The three longest triple jumps for each jumper were selected for final analysis. The mean contact times were 0.139 s (hop), 0.157 s (step) and 0.177 s (jump). The largest ground reaction forces were observed in the step (15.2 times body weight), while the highest peak pressures were recorded under the heel and forefoot. The plantar pressure of the lateral side of the forefoot was highly related to the length of the triple jump ( P ? 0.05-0.01). In addition, electromyograms of both legs suggested that mechanical loading places high demands on the neuromuscular system, as characterized by the high rate of activation in the pre-activity phase followed by high eccentric activity. Thus, the high activities of the gastrocnemius, vastus lateralis and hip extensor muscles seem to play an important role in preventing unnecessary yielding of the jumper during the braking phase.     

木兰秋狝与“康乾盛世”

木兰秋狝在清代众多围猎活动中最具声势和政治特色,富有成效地实施了对蒙古部落的抚绥政策,整训了军队,巩固了边防,促进了当地经济开发,对当世和后世都有着深远的影响。     

某型警戒引导雷达典型故障检修与思考

针对某型警戒雷达在日常工作中出现的两起典型故障,通过对其系统设备的结构、性能、标准、参数、运行规律等进行细致对比,采用系统分析法分析了可能的故障原因和故障位置,再用隔离法、先易后难、逐级检修,完成了故障检修,在此基础上针对影响雷达工作状态的两种因素,给出了装备防御性维护的具体措施。     

Therapeutic efficiency of tissue-engineered human corneal endothelium transplants on rabbit primary corneal endotheliopathy

To evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of tissue-engineered human corneal endothelia (TE-HCEs) on rabbit primary corneal endotheliopathy (PCEP), TE-HCEs reconstructed with monoclonal human corneal endothelial cells (mcHCECs) and modified denuded amniotic membranes (mdAMs) were transplanted into PCEP models of New Zealand white rabbits using penetrating keratoplasty. The TE-HCEs were examined using diverse techniques including slit-lamp biomicroscopy observation and pachymeter and tonometer measurements in vivo, and fluorescent microscopy, alizarin red staining, paraffin sectioning, scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations in vitro. The corneas of transplanted eyes maintained transparency for as long as 200 d without obvious edema or immune rejection. The corneal thickness of transplanted eyes decreased gradually after transplanting, reaching almost the thickness of normal eyes after 156 d, while the TE-HCE non-transplanted eyes were turbid and showed obvious corneal edema. The polygonal corneal endothelial cells in the transplanted area originated from the TE-HCE transplant. An intact monolayer corneal endothelium had been reconstructed with the morphology, cell density and structure similar to those of normal rabbit corneal endothelium. In conclusion, the transplanted TE-HCE can reconstruct the integrality of corneal endothelium and restore corneal transparency and thickness in PCEP rabbits. The TE-HCE functions normally as an endothelial barrier and pump and promises to be an equivalent of HCE for clinical therapy of human PCEP.     

D-InSAR监测地面沉降的应用

InSAR是合成孔径雷达遥感成像与电磁波干涉融合的结果,是用遥感影像得到地表变化的一种新技术。InSAR在地面沉降监测中有很好的应用,特别是D-InSAR技术在地面沉降监测中的应用,它能够获得地表的形变信息,理论上可达到毫米级精度。本文分析了D-InSAR技术的基本原理,通过实验分别获取西安市相隔1个月和6个月的地面沉降结果。     

基于电弧模型的单相接地故障仿真及分析

针对配电网中单相电弧接地情况,本文建立了准确可靠的电弧模型。文章在弧隙能量平衡理论的动态电弧模型基础上,提出了电弧通用模型以及不同特点的经典电弧模型,并利用Matlab/Simulink仿真环境对10k V电网中的单相电弧接地故障进行了仿真分析。文章所提出的经典电弧模型能准确、有效的反映配电网电弧接地故障的实际情况以及电弧性质。     

Limiting GPR in a two-layer soil model via genetic algorithms

In this paper, an optimum grounding grid that provides the conditions of GPR<E_touch and minimum cost in the structures of two-layer soil model is designed and the length of total conductor and the quantity of ground rod are calculated via Genetic Algorithms (GA). A new approach is presented for the calculation of total conductor length. At the same time, the subject regarding in which layer the ground conductors and rods that form the grounding grid in a substation are to be placed in two-layer soil is analysed using GA. With this as the goal, the depth of optimum grid burial is determined. Our study is compared with the design study for a two-layer soil model in the literature. As a result, the high performance of optimum grid design that is achieved using GA is emphasized by varied applications.     

东北川岗地形区SRTM数据质量评价*

数字高程模型是支撑全球变化和区域可持续发展研究的重要基础数据。本文针对东北川岗地形特点,选取典型试验区,在ARCVIEW软件的支持下,对SRTM数据与1：5万、1：10万地形图建立的DEM进行了对比分析。认为SRTM数据能够较好地反映出缓坡地区的坡度变化和细小沟谷的形态特征,利用SRTM数据提取的地形指数能较好地体现水系的自然弯曲,展示谷地串珠状的沼泽洼地形态,与实际地貌形态更为接近,其数据描述精度略高于1：5万地形图DEM。