用批评语篇分析解读罗斯福的《珍珠港演讲》

批评语篇分析(CDA)是通过分析语篇的语言结构特点及其生成的社会历史背景来揭示语篇中含而不露的意识形态意义,并进而揭示语言、权力和意识形态之间复杂的关系。文章从物质过程、心理过程及存在过程,情态系统,转换系统等角度,运用批评语篇分析的方法——及物性、情态以及转换等对罗斯福的《珍珠港演讲》进行分析,进而揭示其演讲语篇中背后隐藏的意识形态意义。     

第二语言口语非流利产出研究述评

言语非流利是指在速率、韵律、词语序列上有标记的部分,包括各种非流利停顿、重复、填充语和自我修正。在二语习得中,大多数非流利现象都反映了言语计划压力,是二语水平欠佳的表现。近期研究发现,非流利现象并不都是由于言语困难所致,它还有可能是一种互动策略,以达到引人注意或引起听众的回应为目的。语法学家运用现有句法理论,甚至增加新的句法规则将非流利纳入语法可以解释的范围。语音学家认为话语的声学特征和音韵信息在非流利的检测和处理中起着重要作用。社会语言学家发现男性和女性、不同年龄的学习者在非流利出现的类别和频率上存在差异。语用学视角将非流利现象看成一种语用策略,涉及说话人和听话人双方的互动。对二语学习者来说,非流利的语用视角对其二语语用能力的发展有着积极意义。     

The professional role and exercise of the role of educational assistance professionals in schools with School Integration Programs in Chile

The incorporation of health professionals into inclusive schools is increasingly necessary. However, the work of these professionals has not yet been studied globally. This qualitative research analyses the perceptions of speech therapists, psychologists, physical therapists and occupational therapists on the role that educational policy defines for working in schools with School Integration Programmes in Chile. Through chain sampling, 52 professionals were interviewed. The data were analysed inductively through thematic analysis. The results show that the role defined by policies for professionals is not in line with the needs of schools and the aspirations of the inclusive approach. The exercise of the role emerges as a distinct entity from the defined role that seems to be more responsive to the needs of schools and students. Interviewees described tensions related to the role in schools, professional training, working conditions and contextual features that would permeate the role that the policy mandates them to play. The findings of the study promote new research horizons related to the role of professional assistants, where research is still incipient worldwide, and invite reflection on the importance of designing education policies with a bottom-up approach to capture the needs presented by learners and professional teams.     

Reconciling Political and Economic Goals in the Net Neutrality Debate

The net neutrality debate is one of several sites of struggles to adapt and redefine rights and obligations of stakeholders in the Internet-centric communications system. Its outcomes will shape the future of the Internet and influence the level and distribution of its benefits. We identify key values that drive the net neutrality discussion and examine the governance mechanisms proposed to achieve these objectives. We find that there is no single policy instrument that allows realization of the range of valued political and economic objectives simultaneously. Contrary to some of the claims advanced in the current debate, safeguarding multiple goals requires a combination of instruments that will likely involve government and nongovernment measures. Furthermore, promoting goals such as the freedom of speech, political participation, investment, and innovation calls for complementary policies.     

基于改进模糊集IFScom的λ-中介否定及应用

IFScom是一种区分矛盾否定关系、对立否定关系和中介否定关系的模糊集。针对模糊集IF-Scom在应用中的特点,对其中介否定算子作了进一步改进,使得中介否定集的λ-区间函数从[1-λ,1]扩充到[0,1],其分段比例函数的增减性更符合实际。在此基础上给出了λ-中介否定集在模糊入侵检测中的应用,仿真实验表明该中介否定集在模糊知识的"否定"区分、处理和推理上是有效的。     

入侵检测技术的研究

入侵检测系统是网络安全体系的重要组成部分,入侵检测技术采用主动的防护技术,弥补了传统的安全防御技术的不足。重点介绍了入侵检测常用的技术方法,并将各种检测技术有机地结合,进而降低入侵检测的误报率和漏报率,提高检测的效率。     

一种大储量罐车紧急切断阀失灵检测方法研究

为了提高大储量液化石油气罐车紧急切断阀失灵检测的精度和效率,提出了基于增强模糊支持向量机的罐车紧急切断阀失灵检测方法。首先通过对大储量液化石油气罐车紧急切断阀的常见失灵类型进行分析,将其样本数据进行训练集和测试集的训练。其次利用模糊支持向量机算法进行罐车紧急切断阀失灵检测模型建立。然后利用粒子群进化算法进行该模型的最优参数、惩罚系数和隶属度的确定,最后利用优化的参数进行支持向量机的分类。通过训练集和测试集对该模型进行仿真实验,仿真实验结果表明,该方法的失灵检测准确率均在95%以上,具有较高的鲁棒性和可靠性。     

内容耗散网络的缓存污染攻击命中率阈值控制

内容耗散网络的缓存污染攻击命中率高,难以检测。研究内容耗散网络缓存污染攻击的命中率与域间传输阈值的关系,对降低攻击命中率提供控制模型基础。提出一种基于零周期数相变自适应冗余信息抑制的内容耗散网络缓存污染攻击命中阈值分析模型,提高对缓存污染攻击的检测概率。设计内容耗散网络及缓存污染攻击系统模型,基于url内容块检测模型,得到缓存污染攻击命中判决准则,通过AS-BOOST使用并行的读写操作,进行零周期数相变自适应冗余信息抑制,得到优化阈值分布下的判决准则。实验结果表明,采用该算法能通过合理设定域间阈值,达到消除缓存污染攻击的效果,实现对内容耗散网络的安全控制。     

基于变化矢量分析和振荡指数的植被变化检测方法研究

以MODIS/NDVI作为研究植被变化的遥感数据,针对传统变化矢量分析方法无法较好反映植被变化方向性与波动性的不足,本文建立了修正的变化矢量分析公式,并提出了可描述NDVI年际变化波动性的振荡指数bz。为验证修正的变化矢量分析方法与振荡指数的有效性,选取长江上游青衣江流域为试验区,对不同的植被变化检测方法进行比较分析。研究表明:利用修正变化矢量分析方法得到的NDVI矢量变化强度不仅保留了NDVI变化的强度特征和结构特征,而且可以明确地指示每个像元上植被的变化趋势,从而在数量上和趋势上更好地刻画NDVI时空变化特征;基于振荡指数bz计算的振荡强度由于考虑了年内各时间维上NDVI的变化累积,可以有效地反映NDVI年际变化的波动性。     

建筑材料检测在建筑行业中的作用

随着建筑行业的快速发展,建筑材料的种类不断增多,而且性能各异。建筑材料是建筑的基础,建筑材料质量的好坏就决定着建筑工程质量的好坏,因此对建筑材料进行检测就显得尤为重要。加强对建筑材料的检测才能够保证建筑工程的安全以及人们的生命安全,对于提高建筑工程的质量具有重要的作用。