滞胀风险下我国宏观经济调控的政策选择

近期我国经济呈增速趋缓、物价攀升的边际滞胀态势。阻碍我国经济高速增长的因素主要是人口红利减少、储蓄—投资转化率低和制度不完善,引致我国通货膨胀的因素主要是政府宽松的财政货币政策、企业成本上涨和公众的高通胀预期。借鉴国内外有关滞胀治理的理论研究,我国应调整计划生育政策,提高劳动的收入份额,增加教育、医疗卫生和社保投入,实行结构性减税,完善科技投入体制,完善产权、户籍、社保和行政法律制度,明确货币政策的币值稳定目标,合理引导通胀预期。     

登上领奖台：加拿大冬奥备战的治理经验及其启示

为备战2010年温哥华冬奥会,加拿大联邦政府设计了“登上领奖台”战略,委托OTP组织负责财政援助的划拨和绩效管理。OTP组织采用“决策层—执行层”的双层治理架构,以“奖牌至上”为原则,创建了由“项目文化”“以往成绩”“夺牌潜力”“领先优势的可持续性”4个一级指标的协会分层分类资助制度,邀请国家奥委会和残奥委、国家运动项目协会、体育科研院所等利益相关者组成协同治理网络。通过梳理加拿大治理经验,建议我国当前的备战2022年北京冬奥工作,应重视“一臂之距”理念,明确政府在冬奥备战中的职责;尊重专业自治准则,锻炼社会力量成为竞技体育治理主体;改进绩效管理模式,优化冬奥备战财政资金的申请和使用程序;重视科学创新,促进体育智库组织网络化。     

How can experts help governments think?: inaugural lecture

Britain’s exit from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism in 1992 and the Second Iraq War in 2003 are two infamous examples of disastrous policy, but governments blunder all the time – whatever party is in power. Infrastructure projects overrun. The aims and techniques of different departments clash. Scandals erupt among officials and politicians. Controversies stymie attempts at agreement and consensus. But why exactly do these failures happen? Are they more or less widespread than in the private sector? And can studying British governments’ decision-making across the twentieth century improve it in the future? In his May 2018 inaugural lecture, Professor O'Hara recommended a slow, deliberative, transparent, democratic and above all humble and sensitive approach in order to avoid another Black Wednesday or ruinous war – an approach in contrast to the populist tone of much recent debate.     

拥抱大数据:大数据时代中国高端体育智库建设研究

受惠于大数据技术的迅猛发展,体育智库的高端化建设不仅迎来新的契机,也在客观上形成了智库研究的学术新机遇,带来了智库研究范式的革命性转型。通过对大数据和高端体育智库内涵的解读,透析大数据对高端体育智库治理决策科学化的推动、多元主体合作的加强和理性辨析能力的提升,提出以大数据思维引领高端体育智库发展方向、以大数据平台保障高端体育智库稳定运行,以大数据技术提升高端体育智库治理效能,以大数据人才推动高端体育智库可持续发展的建设策略。     

Animals,Governance and Ecology: Managing the Menace of Venomous Snakes in Colonial India

During the nineteenth century, the British Raj launched a campaign to reduce the number of people killed annually by venomous snakes on the Indian subcontinent. Unlike its successful effort to cull large mammals, the colonial government was forced to abolish its bounty scheme in 1890 and instead seek to use sanitation to reduce interactions between humans and snakes. This article will assess this transition in policy as a means to understand how attitudes towards the governance of animals were shaped by cultural and ecological factors. It will be shown that during its inception, discourses of scientific governance statistically augmented perceptions of the threat posed by snakes, presenting them as a direct yet manageable danger within an anthropocentric cultural model. However, financial and practical limitations forced the government to recognise that the behaviour, seasonal patterns and territorial movements of snakes influenced the rate of mortality, and thus adjust its policy to acknowledge the experience of cohabitation in India’s diverse ecological contexts.     

交换视角下体育公共服务治理中的问题与对策分析

基于交换理论,以交换理性、交换结构、交换的不确定性为切入点,结合相关治理案例,对体育公共服务治理中的公共性偏移、合作性缺失、多元化不足等问题进行解释。研究认为,在体育公共服务治理中,当经济理性超过社会理性,各主体将形成损公利私的扭曲行为;资源状况的差异导致主体结构失衡,进而导致主体间形成控制与依附的关系,阻碍了以平等、协作为特征的主体间合作形成;不确定性影响了“体制外”组织的参与,导致“多元化”的不足。最后,以培育社会理性、平衡主体结构、降低不确定性三个角度出发,以规范各主体行为为抓手提出治理策略与建议。     

国家治理现代化背景下美国职业体育的制度治理及启示

在推进国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的新时代背景下,从制度视角对美国职业体育治理体系进行了剖析。研究认为美国注重运用制度手段对职业体育进行规制,具有健全的职业体育体制机制和不断完善的法规制度,形成了一套系统的制度治理体系。美国职业体育的体制机制治理层包括联盟体制主导的分权治理、横向一体化的多元协同治理、合作性均衡的网络化治理、互利共生的扁平化治理和高度自治的内生式公司治理;法规制度治理层包括劳工制度的协调性治理、联赛制度的均衡性治理、联邦法律的保障性治理和特殊制度的补偿性治理。提出完善我国职业体育体制机制,推动政府支持、协会主导、市场自主的扁平化协同治理;协调职业体育多元主体的关系,实施横向一体化的网络化联动治理;健全职业体育法规制度,推进监管、评估、仲裁、保障等体系化法治治理。     

体育信息产业的现状与对策研究

通过对实际数据和文献资料的调查和分析,归纳了体育信息产业的现状和基本特征,并从体育信息产业的真正内涵出发,阐述了影响体育信息产业发展的诸多因素。体育信息资源作为网络资源的重要内容已经广泛的应用于体育领域。2008年奥运会为我国体育信息产业化高速发展带来了机遇,因此了解体育信息产业化发展现状,寻找体育信息网络建设存在的差距,提出体育信息产业化发展的相应对策就显得尤其重要。     

Regional creative industries policy-making under New Labour

This article analyses creative industries policy in the English regions under New Labour (1997–2010). It examines the ideas behind regional creative industries policies (RCIPs) and their implementation. Focusing on the activities of the English regional development agencies, the primary bodies responsible for the implementation of creative industries policy in the British regions, the article places regional cultural policy during the New Labour period within its broader political, social and economic contexts. It explains and evaluates New Labour's RCIPs, arguing that creative industries policy at the regional level changed over the course of New Labour's three terms of office, becoming increasingly economistic at the expense of a more social democratic vision of regional equality and democracy. We identify three issues that were problematic for New Labour's RCIP: a reliance on the idea of “clusters”, commercialisation and shifting regional governance.     

世界银行治理结构改革与中国的应对策略?

世界银行在全球经济治理中发挥着重要作用,但随着新兴经济体的崛起和近年来金融危机、债务危机频发,世界银行治理结构所存在的制度性缺陷显露无遗,相应改革势在必行。但是,由于世界银行具有公共组织与股份公司的双重属性,使得改革方向出现分歧,改革进程推进缓慢。从根本上说,世界银行改革中发达国家与发展中国家并不存在不可调和的利益冲突,在减贫等问题上双方存在着合作的基础。中国应积极推进世界银行治理结构改革：首先,必须明确“负责任、有作为的大国”定位,表现出推动改革的积极态度;其次,要紧密围绕“发展”主题,注重长远利益;再次,要加强对世界银行人事安排的参与;最后,要积极构建世界银行框架下发展中国家沟通与合作的正式协调机制。