工业互联网平台应用现状及发展对策

立足当前我国工业互联网处于从概念推广走向实践深耕过渡的背景,研制工业互联网平台应用水平与绩效评价指标体系,建立工业互联网应用推广公共服务平台,并在该平台上开发工业互联网平台应用水平在线测评系统,采集国内1400余家企业的相关数据,采用统计分析、聚类分析和相关分析等方法进行数据测算和多维度分析.研究表明:企业的工业互联网平台应用总体水平为31.76分,大多数企业仍处于初级水平且两极分化严重;设备上云率仅为13.1％,上云难度大;实现工业知识沉淀复用的企业仅占15.43％,水平有待提升;业务上云率达36.46％,仍有提升空间;工业互联网人才短缺问题突出,尤其传统行业的相关人才供给严重不足.基于当前我国企业应用工业互联网平台的共性问题,提出建立系统性平台应用水平与绩效评价机制,完善平台标准体系、加快标准应用推广,以及强化用云意识,创新发展模式,深化平台应用等对策建议,以促进我国工业互联网平台应用水平加速提升.     

Business optimism and the innovation-profitability nexus: Introducing the COVID-19 adaptable capacity framework

In this paper we develop a novel multi-stage integrative framework for technology foresight-planning. This framework integrates econometric analysis and a technology foresight procedure to predict: (i) the most COVID-19 resilient industries at the national level; and (ii) the most adversely affected industries (due to prior investment in innovation) that requires public support. Our econometric results show that the pandemic has induced a ‘double-edge sword’ effect of innovation on firm’s COVID-19 adaptable capacity (CAC). Costly innovation undertaken before the pandemic can be bad for firms if it compounds the problem of declining post-pandemic outbreak profit and optimism. Contrarily, firm level innovation improves firm’s CAC as the prior innovators’ profitability are found to have above-even odds of rebounding quickly post-pandemic outbreak. Our empirical analysis focuses mostly on developing economies, where firms are most likely implementing only incremental (non-frontier) innovation and thus our results should be generalized with caution.     

Pollution-reducing and pollution-generating effects of the metaverse

Different metaverse applications vary widely in terms of their carbon footprints and environmental impacts. In general, leisure and enjoyment activities of the consumer metaverse has adverse energy and environmental consequences. Many industrial metaverse applications, on the other hand, are likely to have a positive environmental impact. This editorial analyzes the current stage of development patterns and use of different metaverse applications and critically evaluates the pollution-generating and pollution-reducing effects of the metaverse.     

浅析当前我国利用FDI的几个问题

改革开放以来,我国利用FDI取得了举世瞩目的成就,但也存在着一些问题。本文拟就对我国经济可持续发展具有重要影响的几个问题作一分析,并提出相应的政策建议。     

Non-centralized control for flow-based distribution networks: A game-theoretical insight

This paper solves a data-driven control problem for a flow-based distribution network with two objectives: a resource allocation and a fair distribution of costs. These objectives represent both cooperation and competition directions. It is proposed a solution that combines either a centralized or distributed cooperative game approach using the Shapley value to determine a proper partitioning of the system and a fair communication cost distribution. On the other hand, a decentralized non-cooperative game approach computing the Nash equilibrium is used to achieve the control objective of the resource allocation under a non-complete information topology. Furthermore, an invariant-set property is presented and the closed-loop system stability is analyzed for the non-cooperative game approach. Another contribution regarding the cooperative game approach is an alternative way to compute the Shapley value for the proposed specific characteristic function. Unlike the classical cooperative-games approach, which has a limited application due to the combinatorial explosion issues, the alternative method allows calculating the Shapley value in polynomial time and hence can be applied to large-scale problems.     

创新经济体知识生产中的规模递增效应——基于我国高新区的实证检验

本文以Romer(1990)和Jones(1995)关于知识生产是否存在规模递增效应之争为研究出发点,运用我国53家国家级高新区2005年-2012年的数据,采用面板回归分析的方法实证检验高新区这种创新经济体的知识生产是否存在规模递增效应。结果表明,我国高新区在知识生产过程中,知识存量和人力资本发挥了显著作用,知识存量投入的产出弹性在0.89-0.97之间,人力资本投入的产出弹性在0.52-0.64之间,二者产出弹性之和显著大于1,显示出了很强的规模递增效应,说明创新经济体的知识生产支持Romer(1990)类型的知识生产函数。该结论对于国家制定创新驱动发展的相关政策具有重要的现实意义。     

知识型人才流动与产业集群发展互动关系研究

知识型人才与产业集群发展密切相关。通过论述知识型人才流动和产业集群发展的现状,分析知识型人才流动对产业集群发展的促进、阻碍影响。运用生命周期理论分析产业集群在发展的不同阶段对知识型人才流动的吸引与排斥影响,发现当前知识型人才流动与产业集群发展互动过程中产生的缺乏合作观念、区域发展不平衡、创新能力不足以及人才市场不完善等问题。提出加大宣传力度、树立合作共赢观念,全面统筹规划、促进区域协调发展,推动机制改革、加强提高自主创新能力,加强引导、完善人才网络等解决措施。     

科技期刊刊群建设与影响力重构探究

【目的】 针对目前国内科技期刊刊群的现状,以产业集群理论和资源依赖理论为支撑,对已有刊群进行重构。【方法】 通过调查中国科协693种学术类科技期刊的影响力情况,结合具体理论提出刊群重构方向。【结果】 中国科协693种学术类期刊被国际知名数据库收录的比例偏低,综合影响因子整体水平较低,英文期刊种类偏少,编委国际化程度偏低。虽有国内知名刊群,但国际影响力不足,并且存在同类期刊数量累积的问题。【结论】 应打造核心品牌科技期刊精品化集群,依据学科性质针对性地构建立足本土、面向国际的国际化集群。     

区域产业结构调整与城市化响应研究——以重庆市为例

一直以来城市化与产业结构之间的互动关系得到国内外许多学者的广泛关注。文章主要探讨1998～2008年重庆产业结构调整和城市化响应之间的关系。分析显示:重庆产业结构经过不断调整升级,发展态势良好;城市化水平逐年提高;城市发展速度落后于产业结构演变速度,但二者的差距正在不断缩小;城市化对产业结构调整的响应程度越来越显著。     

IE方法在教学质量管理的流程优化中的应用

教学质量管理流程决定着教学组织资源的运行效率和效果。教学质量管理始终贯穿、融化于教学工作过程中,是通过教学工作过程逐步形成的。在教学质量管理的流程优化设计中,应用工业工程方法,构建"流程优化的IE模型"即是通过用5W1H提问法等方法进行流程分析、优化设计、优化评估以及优化实施,对教学资源实现柔性化管理,运用以信息技术为核心的自动化技术改进教学质量管理流程,使教学工作标准化、简单化,提高教学质量管理效率,保证持续提升教学质量。