浅论科学研究对医院发展的贡献

采用文献研究法、定性分析法和定量分析法,对目前国内外部分医院科研现状进行分析,总结医院的科研现状和发展规律,分析医院科研对医院的贡献,为提高医院科研水平提供参考依据。结果表明:医院科研给医院带来的贡献包括科研产出和科研声誉;医院开展科研,在SCI发文量和专利获得量上,给医院带来了巨大的贡献;同时,良好的科研会提高医院在医院排行榜上的位置,提高医院声誉。     

中日贸易对碳排放转移的影响研究

随着经济全球化和中日贸易的不断发展,中国目前的碳排放量较十年前增长了两倍多,然而日本的碳排放量基本处于稳定状态,中日两国是否由于贸易产生了碳排放转移现象逐渐受到国际社会的关注。本文利用投入产出法分别分析了1995年、2000年和2005年中国和日本由于贸易引起的相应部门产生的碳排放转移量;利用LMDI法从规模效应、结构效应和强度效应这三个角度分析了其在一定时期内对中国和日本碳排放转移变化量的影响程度。结果表明：这三年中国由于出口到日本引起中国碳排放总量的增加值要大于日本碳排放总量的增加值,中日贸易存在着碳排放转移现象。规模效应对转移至中国和日本的碳排放量在三年的变化一直起正向作用,结构效应和技术效应对中国碳排放转移变化值都由负向作用变为正向作用,对日本则反之。最后,本文结合实证分析结果提出了相应的政策建议。     

科学合作最佳规模现象的发现

 科学论文生产与科学合作规模之间的关系,本质上是科学生产力与科研生产关系的互动作用。本文作者回顾了在指导博士生在这一领域选题进行学位论文研究中,意外发现了科学合作最佳规模现象,这一现象当时博士生的研究已经显示出来却尚未完全意识到。之后,WISE实验室部分成员采用威布尔分布和核心密度估计两种概率密度函数,对WOS数据库中的核物理学、应用物理学、应用化学、微生物学和纳米科技等学科若干年度的论文数据进行分析,得到合作规模(人数)与论文数量关系的密度分布曲线,证实了科学合作最佳规模现象的存在。最后,提出了全面探索科学合作最佳规模现象与定律的设想。     

具有二次性能指标的最优输出反馈的一个必要条件

本文用矩阵的秩这个工具考察了有限维线性系统具有二次性能指标的最优输出反馈问题，得到了一个必要条件。特殊情形下，这一条件可以演化为最优输出反馈增益与观测矩阵的乘积即为状态反馈增益这个相当清晰的关系。     

The social structure of entrepreneurship as a scientific field

Entrepreneurship as a scientific field has grown significantly, irrespective of the measures used. In this article we raise the question: How can we understand the evolution and success of entrepreneurship as a scholarly field? In particular, we focus on the social structure of entrepreneurship scholars to explain (1) how they are becoming integrated into larger scholarly communities and (2) how they differ from the way scholars integrate within the field of innovation studies. Based on a unique database and responses from 870 entrepreneurship scholars, we demonstrate that entrepreneurship can be regarded as a phenomenon-driven field bound together by a shared communication system and social interaction rather than strong theoretical influences, i.e., a social scholarly community. We identify two broader social communities; one embedded in entrepreneurship conferences that includes a rather eclectic group of entrepreneurship scholars, and another related to entrepreneurship journals and entrepreneurship economics, characterized by a stronger domain orientation. In contrast, scholars in innovation studies tend to be more theory-driven and are bound together by their disciplinary and theoretical background, i.e., an intellectual scholarly community.     

The interplay of cognitive and relational social capital dimensions in university-industry collaboration: Overcoming the experience barrier

The use of university-industry collaboration in the innovation process is viewed as a major driver of firm competitiveness. The organizational dynamics underlying successful external relationships, however, remain poorly understood. Using longitudinal case studies of 15 innovation projects, we examine how firms with varying degrees of experience in collaborating with universities and public research organizations rely on different social capital dimensions to achieve successful collaborations. We find that experienced firms establish external collaborations on the basis of cognitive social capital, but this basis is reinforced by relational social capital over time. Conversely, less experienced firms initially base their university collaborations on relational social capital, which is reinforced by cognitive social capital over time. Based on these findings, we theorize on the interplay of different dimensions of social capital in university-industry collaborations over time. Our study has important implications for the management of collaborative innovation projects. In particular, it provides guidance to enable less experienced firms to develop successful collaborations with university partners.     

More is not always better: Effects of collaboration breadth and depth on radical and incremental innovation performance at the project level

This study investigates the effect of project-level collaboration breadth (i.e., the number of collaboration partner types) and collaboration depth (i.e., the intensity of the interactions with these partners) on the incremental and radical innovation performance of innovation projects. The econometric analyses, based on a Community Innovation Study sample of 218 innovation projects conducted in German manufacturing companies, reveal inverted U-shaped relationships between collaboration breadth and radical innovation performance and between collaboration depth and incremental innovation performance. These curvilinear effects speak to the high sensitivity of innovation projects to the extent of collaborative activity, which implies that practitioners should exert caution in managing collaborative innovation projects. This study contributes to the understanding of project-level open innovation and to the overall understanding of the performance effects of innovation collaboration, which, following recent assertions in the literature, could be flawed by analyses conducted at the organizational level.     

阀基电子设备的研究

针对原有分相式的阀基电子设备进行了新的研究,将三相的阀基电子设备集中为两个单元,分别为光电触发单元和阀监控单元,介绍了新的阀基电子设备的结构、工作原理,分析了改造后的效果。     

地方高校科技创新能力评价指标体系构建思考

地方高校在区域科技创新活动中扮演着非常重要的角色。其科技创新能力受资金和人力投入、创新软环境、基础条件、经济社会状况等的影响。在系统性、科学性、开放性、创新性和可操作性等原则指导下,地方高校科技创新评价指标包括创新基础能力、创新投入能力、创新产出能力和创新转化能力,以三级指标系统、全面地反映各个层面的基本特征。     

When do incumbents learn from entrepreneurial ventures?: Corporate venture capital and investing firm innovation rates

In this paper, we focus on the potential innovative benefits to corporate venture capital (CVC), i.e. equity investments in entrepreneurial ventures by incumbent firms. We propose that corporate venture capital programs may be instrumental in harvesting innovations from entrepreneurial ventures and thus an important part of a firm's overall innovation strategy. We hypothesize that these programs are especially effective in weak intellectual property (IP) regimes and when the firm has sufficient absorptive capacity. We analyze a large panel of public firms over a 20-year period and find that increases in corporate venture capital investments are associated with subsequent increases in firm patenting.