Child maltreatment deaths in the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting System

Comprehensive reviews of child death are increasingly conducted throughout the world, although limited information is available about how this information is systematically used to prevent future deaths. To address this need, we used cases from 2005 to 2009 in the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting System to compare child and offender characteristics and to link that information with actions taken or recommended by review teams. Child, caretaker, and offender characteristics, and outcomes were compared to team responses, and findings were compared to published case series. Among 49,947 child deaths from 23 states entered into the Case Reporting System during the study period, there were 2,285 cases in which child maltreatment caused or contributed to fatality. Over one-half had neglect identified as the maltreatment, and 30% had abusive head trauma. Several child and offender characteristics were associated with specific maltreatment subtypes, and child death review teams recommended and/or planned several activities in their communities. Case characteristics were similar to those published in other reports of child maltreatment deaths. Teams implemented 109 actions or strategies after their review, and we found that aggregating information from child death reviews offers important insights into understanding and preventing future deaths. The National Child Death Review Case Reporting System contains information about a large population which confirms and expands our knowledge about child maltreatment deaths and which can be used by communities for future action.     

Rethinking feedback practices in higher education: a peer review perspective

Peer review is a reciprocal process whereby students produce feedback reviews on the work of peers and receive feedback reviews from peers on their own work. Prior research has primarily examined the learning benefits that result from the receipt of feedback reviews, with few studies specifically exploring the merits of producing feedback reviews or the learning mechanisms that this activates. Using accounts of their experiences of peer review, this study illuminates students’ perceptions of the different learning benefits resulting from feedback receipt and feedback production, and, importantly, it provides insight into the cognitive processes that are activated when students construct feedback reviews. The findings show that producing feedback reviews engages students in multiple acts of evaluative judgement, both about the work of peers, and, through a reflective process, about their own work; that it involves them in both invoking and applying criteria to explain those judgements; and that it shifts control of feedback processes into students’ hands, a shift that can reduce their need for external feedback. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. It is argued that the capacity to produce quality feedback is a fundamental graduate skill, and, as such, it should receive much greater attention in higher education curricula.     

Review by (non)peers as an opportunity for learning: a case study on the editorial process of papers by junior researchers / La revisión por (im)pares como instancia de aprendizaje: un estudio de casos del proceso editorial de artículos de investigadoras noveles

Abstract

We analysed the editorial process of the four articles authored by junior researchers published in the special issue The peer review process as an opportunity for learning. Our aims were to study the unfolding of the main critiques and suggestions made by reviewers in the different review rounds, as well as to explore how both authors and reviewers experienced and valued the review process. Data sources include all review reports and letters where the authors explained the changes made, and questionnaires completed by all the authors and some reviewers. The most commonly identified critiques in the reports were related to content selection and elaboration (coherence and relevance), the own author’s voice (critical positioning and caution) and attention to the reader (precision and consistency in terms and concepts, methodological clarity, writing style, legibility and formal adequacy). All four authors stated that being part of this process was rewarding and educational, highlighting the development of academic writing skills. Some reviewers emphasized the importance of reading other reviewers’ reports. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of providing junior researchers with resources that support them in communicating their research to the academic community.     

独特的视角与审美的意蕴——论黄少崇《刀锋下的快感》

来宾作家黄少崇的《刀锋下的快感》以被看的视角和镜子的意象表现了一次心灵的历程。语言充满着阳刚的力臂,具有爆发力的形式美感。黄少崇以独特的视角和语言的魅力展示了作者狂野的内心悸动,对阅读形成一股强烈的冲击波。     

外来说与本土说：理由与问题--盘古创世神话研究述评

百年来,大多数学者有关这个神话的研究成果,显在或潜在地围绕着这个神话是外来还是本土的这一焦点展开,外来说中印度说最早且影响最大,本土说中有多种观点,其中南方说影响最大。不管是外来说还是本土说,都存在一些困难。猜想多于实证,都缺少无可争议的铁证,这是它们共同的问题。     

人体智能监控系统的通信模式设计

引入物联网技术进行人体智能监控系统研究,完成了系统3层结构设计。基于系统的功能组成和性能需要,进行了人体智能监控系统的通信模式设计,提出了有线/无线相结合的通信模式。根据无线射频传输的要求,设计了符合信息传输的数据包格式。详细分析了结合软件工程思想的上位机通信模块开发,实现数据的有线传输。经测试,实时监控模块达到了零误差传输,从而证明了有线/无线相结合的双层通信模式在智能监控系统应用中的灵活性和可行性。     

近二十年来孟禄研究述评

孟禄是20世纪美国教育史学的重要奠基人。他十余次来华进行教育调查、座谈讨论、学术讲演,特别是1921年访华对我国壬戌学制的颁布,中学教育、职业教育的改革,科学教育的发展等起着巨大的推动作用。对近二十年来孟禄研究作一总结与述评,以期引起学者对孟禄研究的重视并推动相关研究的开展。     

农民工市民化社会适应与教育诉求——我国学者关于农民工市民化素质教育研究述评

梳理我国学者关于农民工市民化素质教育的研究现状,主要包括农民工市民化素质教育的内涵与外延、现状调研、类型与层次、面临的主要问题、对策与措施。基于研究现状,论述我国学者关于农民工市民化素质教育研究取得的成就与存在的不足。     

我国中小学教师培训财政问题研究综述

本文对中小学教师培训财政问题的已有研究进行梳理、阐述和评价。从研究内容来讲,已有研究涉及到教师培训领域的很多理论与现实财政问题。其中关于经费投入与分担的研究较为系统深入,关于理论基础、国际经验以及教师培训券制度的研究较为薄弱,尤其缺乏针对农村中小学教师培训财政问题的深入研究。从研究方法来讲,已有研究使用了文献研究法、比较研究法和实证研究法等,较有分量的成果多数使用实证研究法。亟需建立关于教师培训经费投入与使用的衡量指标体系,以利于不同实证结果间的比较。从研究结果来讲,已有研究在经费分担主体、经费投入现状等方面达成了共识,但对于中小学教师培训中的很多核心财政问题还不能给出明确答案,需要学者们进一步的理论研究与实践探索。     

三十年来高等教育区域化研究综述

文章梳理国内近三十年高等教育区域化的研究成果,概括如下:高等教育区域化的理论研究和实践研究全面、系统;研究视角多样化,定量和定性方法相结合;研究范围全面,研究重心由宏观转向微观。今后,跨省域高等教育发展的理论和实践研究、区域高等教育发展的政策研究、不同区域高等教育的"特殊性"主题研究、区域高等教育发展的比较研究等应进一步加强。