幼儿科学素养培养方法探析

幼儿科学教育是科学启蒙教育,学习科学的过程是幼儿主动探索的过程。幼儿科学素养培养方法的科学合理性至关重要,直接影响幼儿科学素养培养的成效。对科学素养内涵的认知和幼儿园科学教育的目标解析是幼儿科学教育方法的基础。观察法和模拟实验法是幼儿期孩子科学素养培养的主要方法,这些方法的实施必须遵循安全性、兴趣性、时空性和持续性原则。     

高职院校《社会调查研究方法》教学中学生人文科学精神的培养——从“参与式观察”教学实践谈起

参与式观察作为重要的基础性社会研究方法被广泛应用。在高职院校《社会调查研究方法》教学过程中,通过导入街角社会实践主题,不仅可以激发学生的学习兴趣和实践热情,还可以使书本上的知识点成为学生观察了解社会的钥匙。在参与式观察实践中,重在培养学生的社会责任感,提高人文精神和科学素养。     

师心论与唐音说的理论演进

师心论通过圆融处理物我关系,形成了物我双观、两忘与合一,成为盛唐诗歌基本的观照方式。而在此基础上所形成的“搜求于心”,成为中晚唐诗歌创新的出口,推动了险怪诗风的发展。晚唐“心师造化”基础上发展出来的活法为诗,成为宋调中的唐音论,被作为宋诗救弊的参照。     

Integration of technical vocabulary into peer observation of teaching for Taiwanese elementary school English teachers’ professional learning

This study explored the integration of technical vocabulary into pre-observation conferences and its influence on English teachers’ professional learning and discussion in their post-observation conferences. The conceptual framework based on Harvey [2011. “A Sociocultural-Theory-Based Study of the Impact of Mediation During Post-observation Conferences on Language Teacher Learning.” Unpublished doctoral diss., University of South Florida] and Goe, Biggers, and Croft [2012. Linking Teacher Evaluation to Professional Development: Focusing on Improving Teaching and Learning. Denver, CO: National Comprehensive Center for Teacher Quality] was used to analyse the questionnaire, audio recordings, and documents collected in seven peer observations of teaching in Taiwan. This study has two major findings. First, English teachers regarded the technical vocabulary as stimuli for their professional learning; however, the range of technical vocabulary used during the post-observation conferences was limited. Second, three major factors affected their use of technical vocabulary. A new model was proposed in order to effectively integrate technical vocabulary into peer observations of teaching for elementary school English teachers’ professional learning.     

The neural bases of vitality forms

Unlike emotions, which are short-lasting events accompanied by viscero-motor responses, vitality forms are continuous internal states that modulate the motor behaviors of individuals and are devoid of the autonomic modifications that characterize real emotions. Despite the importance of vitality forms in social life, only recently have neurophysiological studies been devoted to this issue. The first part of this review describes fMRI experiments, showing that the dorso-central insula is activated during the execution, the perception and the imagination of arm actions endowed with different vitality forms as well as during the hearing and the production of speech conveying vitality forms. In the second part, we address the means by which the dorso-central insula modulates the networks for controlling action execution and how the sensory and interoceptive information is conveyed to this insular sector. Finally, we present behavioral data showing the importance of vitality forms in social interactions.     

自然资源要素综合观测指标体系探讨

为了实现自然资源的规范管理和高效利用,需要对其要素进行长期、连续、稳定的综合观测,从而获得相关的基础数据,掌握资源种类、数量、质量和资源间相互作用过程信息。由于目前中国没有形成统一的自然资源观测指标体系,导致不同区域间资源观测和管理存在差异,使得国家尺度上对自然资源的规范化管理和合理利用难以实现。因此,亟需构建一套适用于国家尺度、科学、系统、规范的自然资源要素综合观测指标体系。本文以解决认识自然生态变化规律、预判发展趋势的基础数据支撑能力不足问题为出发点,参考国内外现有观测（监测）指标体系,确立了自然资源要素综合观测指标体系建立和选取的基本原则;在自然资源要素分类的基础上,采用正、反演相结合、模块化等构建方法,建立了由36个归类模块、6个资源要素综合观测系统和若干个赋能模块构成的自然资源要素综合观测指标体系。通过建立大气-地表-地下多层次,个体-景观-区域多尺度的立体化综合观测网,获取自然资源要素数据,以期实现对自然资源的精细化管理、评价和利用。     

构造辅助函数在微积分证明中的应用

微积分中中值定理的证明应用是一个难点,构造辅助函数是证题常用的手段之一,本文主要介绍构造辅助函数的三种方法：作差法、观察法和不定积分法。     

基于MIP-SLA的叶片陶瓷型芯光固化成型技术

为解决航空发动机空心涡轮叶片陶瓷型芯的3D打印难题,研究基于图像投影的复杂结构陶瓷型芯光固化成型（mask-image projection stereolithography,MIP-SLA）方法。搭建MIP-SLA工艺系统平台,对陶瓷浆料的制备和打印工艺参数的配置进行研究。分析利用球磨机将光敏树脂和陶瓷颗粒进行混合制备陶瓷浆料时,光敏树脂类型、固相含量、陶瓷颗粒粒径、分散剂含量和球磨时间对陶瓷浆料性能的影响。对不同配置参数下的打印效果进行对比分析,对确定的最佳打印工艺参数进行打印效果验证。     

西方宪政的文化考察及其启示

中国宪政陷入困境的一个主要原因是:我们对于宪政理念的整体把握乏力,对于西方党政的历史及其意义缺乏足够了解和体悟。经过对作为范本的西方宪政进行文化的历史考察,可以认为,保障人权、限制国家权力、政治容纳性、自由、民主和法治,是西方宪政发展历程中形成的历史品格。西方宪政的历史道路给我们的启示是:宪政需要一定的社会、经济、文化条件;根植于不同文化土壤的宪政,可以具备不同的形式、价值内涵和国家政治形式;缺乏法治和权利文化资源的中国,需要寻找一个更高层次的价值,以统摄文化交融时代的宪政理论和实践。     

半导体制冷的圆柱体三维传热模型及仿真

考虑热源和外部环境对圆柱体三维传热模型和温度场分布的影响,建立了基于半导体制冷的圆柱体三维传热模型,利用变量分离法和拉普拉斯变换法,导出了其三维温度场的封闭解析解．通过数值计算和编程仿真,给出相应的仿真结果,分析了半导体制冷片的位置变化对圆柱体三维温度场的影响特性．为进一步分析圆柱体三维温度场及其应用提供理论依据．