上海国际航运中心建设支持政策的量化评价

为增强上海国际航运中心建设支持政策的有效性,基于2009—2018年间国家及地方政府层面颁布的19个涉及上海国际航运中心建设的政策文本,应用文本挖掘方式提取评价指标,构建PMC指数模型对政策进行量化评价。分别选取3项针对性政策和3项辅助性政策作为评价对象进行实证分析,结果表明:针对性政策的PMC指数总得分高于辅助性政策的PMC指数总得分,且随着上海国际航运中心建设的不断推进,其引导作用不断加强;辅助性政策虽然只考虑到上海国际航运中心的部分建设需求,但在保障激励等方面给予了高度重视。     

中国茶叶国际竞争力分析与政策建议

本文运用FAO的统计资料，利用国际市场占有率、显示性比较优势、生产者价格指数3个显性评价指标和单产这个隐性评价指标，测算了20世纪80年代以来中国与印度、斯里兰卡、肯尼亚和印尼茶叶的国际竞争力变化。分析表明，中国茶叶在4个评价指标上基本处于劣势地位,尤其表现在显示性比较优势、生产者价格指数和单产3个指标上。本文基于波特教授的“国家钻石”模型中国际竞争力的5个决定因素，提出提升中国茶叶国际竞争力的相应对策与建议:①在要素禀赋层面，重点解决低下的要素的生产率问题，要创造新的生产要素并将之导入茶叶产业;②在公司层面，要顺应国际茶叶竞争潮流，推行联合规模经营，走名茶名牌之路;③在关联产业层面，要积极发展专业化生产，为茶叶生产提供专业性的生产资料;④在需求层面，要在稳固传统市场的基础上，大力开拓新兴市场，降低出口市场的集中度;⑤在政府层面，要明确在WTO框架下的职能边界，重点解决好茶叶的标准化问题，从源头和末端对混乱的茶叶出口秩序进行有效的治理。与其它4个层面相比，对茶叶产业而言，政府的行为可能更为关键，因为中国的实际情况决定了这一点。     

国际石油价格波动特点及影响因素的实证分析

实证研究表明，国际油价变动特点可以用AR(1)模型描述。对油价和主要影响因素的长短期关系的检验表明，OPEC产量、OECD国家消费需求等是影响石油价格的长期因素，弹性系数分别是-8.845%、7.19%，短期影响很小；中国石油消费需求短期对油价产生了正向影响，弹性为3.99%。国际油价对长期均衡的偏离大约需要1.63～1.88个季度得到修正。实证结果说明，国际油价的长期走势仍然是由最根本的供求关系等经济因素决定的，短期油价变动主要源于突发性非经济因素。AR(1)模型和由OPEC产量、OECD国家消费需求、OECD库存等构成的因果关系模型相比，后者对于预测国际油价有更好的效果。中国国内油价对国际油价存在滞后效应，但出口价格已与国际油价同步。中国基本石油战略的构建应该建立在对长期经济因素的分析和预测之上，并建立现代石油市场体系，改革石油定价机制。     

Business schools,the anxiety of finance,and the order of the ‘middle tier’

Financial imagination plays a fundamental, yet ambivalent role in the establishment of hierarchies within and between business schools, and in business life at large. This study examines this process in the ‘middle tier’ of business education: that is, in the social space in which students and instructors understand themselves to occupy a ‘mid-range’ position within an order of excellence and success. Largely articulated through business school rankings, this order strongly relies on the centrality of the financial curriculum, proficiency in which is understood as both a proxy for smartness and a sign of moneymaking capacity. In the ‘middle tier’, this order manifests in the form of an anxiety: an order that, though legitimate, is thought not to be attained, or hardly attainable. The study draws from ethnographic investigation in a ‘middle tier’ business school with attention to how finance is made sense of in relation to an alternative curriculum, and in connection with the aim of ‘making it to the top’. A comparison with a ‘top tier’ business school allows furthering understanding of how the order of business schools relies on the anxiety of finance in order to reproduce an acquiescence to dominant financial imagination.     

A meaning-making model of post-migration growth for mainland Chinese university students in Hong Kong

Studies of stress-related growth have demonstrated the central role of meaning-making processes in the occurrence of growth following stressful life experiences, but few have examined its role in the context of acculturation. This study developed and tested a meaning-making model of post-migration growth using bootstrap-based mediation analysis with a sample of 489 mainland Chinese university students in Hong Kong. The data were collected through an online cross-sectional survey. The results showed that acculturative stressor was a significant risk factor and that sense-making coping and core belief re-examination acted as significant protective factors for post-migration growth. Sense-making coping and core belief re-examination, in sequence, partially mediated the relationship between acculturative stressor and post-migration growth. This model demonstrates the importance of the cognitive processing of meaning-making in Chinese students’ post-migration growth.     

An examination of the relationship between social self-efficacy and personal growth initiative in international context

The cross-cultural transitioning experience of international students has been viewed as a high-impact practice for student learning. International students experience both challenges and growth opportunities when they encounter new peoples and environments. However, limited research exists on the student factors that predict benefits, growth or resilience for international students through their cross-cultural transitioning experience. This study investigated social self-efficacy as a predictor of personal growth initiative amongst international students, above and beyond demographic and linguistic factors. In addition, the factorial structure of Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II was examined. Our results indicated that the perceived ability to successfully negotiate social situations and produce positive social interactions predict greater personal growth initiative and its dimensions regardless of students’ language proficiency. Moreover, results from the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided further support for the first-order four-factor structure of the PGIS-II. Results have implications for improving international student integration, because efforts to support students’ social self-efficacy are linked to their personal growth initiative.     

‘The old days of amateurism are over’: the Samaranch revolution and the return of Olympic tennis

Tennis featured in every Olympics from 1896 to 1924, after which disagreements between the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) on matters pertaining to organisational control and the amateur eligibility of players led to tennis being removed from the Olympic Games as a full-medal event until the 1988 Seoul Olympics. This paper traces the steps of the sport’s reinstatement, from when efforts commenced in the 1950s, setting this development in the contexts of: broader political movements, shifting IOC leadership, burgeoning commercialisation of Olympic sport, the concomitant push for professionalisation and the declining influence of amateur ideals within both the Olympic movement and international tennis. Under the leadership of the amateur stalwart Avery Brundage, the IOC stymied attempts to facilitate tennis’s re-entry, challenging both the ILTF on failing to deal with widespread ‘sham-amateur’ practices and the avaricious promoters luring amateur players toward the professional ranks. Brundage and the IOC also strongly condemned the move to ‘open’ tennis and an acceptance of full-blown professionalism. Only a change in leadership, firstly with Lord Killanin and then the progressive reformer Juan Antonio Samaranch, did the IOC recognise the value of tennis within the Olympic movement, which by then had itself become increasingly money-oriented.     

Managing Disagreement while Managing not to Disagree: Polite Disagreement in Negotiation Discourse

This paper explores the exercise of politeness by Malays in business negotiations with Japanese. The study looks at how disagreement is realized linguistically. Its linguistic configurations in the form of speech acts and discourse strategies and their underlying politeness strategies are identified and described. The study also reports on how Malay cultural values are reflected in the language use. The implications of the study for negotiation in general and the expression of disagreement in particular are then discussed. The findings are significant for an understanding of disagreement by Malays, particularly when interacting in English. Additionally it provides insights into how Malay cultural values impinge on Malay interaction styles vis-à-vis styles of disagreement. The findings work towards an understanding of how Malay values are manifested in the discourse of disagreement in oral communication.     

Minority Cultures and Social Media: Magnifying Garifuna

This paper looks at social media use by the Garifuna people. It explores how they are using social media to create a supraterritorial cyberscape. Despite the claim that global media is marginalising minority cultures and causing global homogenisation, this research found that newer forms of social media are in fact creating virtual cultural cyberscapes that are extending minority cultures. The Garifuna cultural response to social media can be demonstrative of the positive impact of social media minority perspectives. The larger implication, though, is that traditional geographical models of cultural space are becoming obsolete. In this research, a total of 60 Garifuna in locations all across the United States and Honduras were selected for participation. Their access to and use of media were examined.