日本“世界顶级研究基地形成促进计划”及其启示

在综述和分析日本“世界顶级研究基地形成促进计划”的设立及实施情况的基础上,就中日两国现阶段科技发展状况进行对比,指出中国应借鉴日本的经验,通过人才引进、科研制度创新和集中投入,建立与国际接轨的运营模式,创造卓越的研究传统和良好的科学文化氛围,全面提升中国科研工作及人才培养的国际化程度.     

《国际图联编目原则》及其研究进展

论文介绍《国际图联编目原则》产生的背景、主要内容、主要特点,并论述了目前国内的研究概况。     

国际油价变化及未来趋势判断

自进入石油时代以来,世界各国经济便开始受到油价波动的巨大挑战。本文的研究表明:1965年-2000年期间,国际油价的波动始终带有明显的政治倾向,而主导这一时期油价波动的是发达国家与石油输出组织国家。发生于1973年的中东十月战争、1979年的伊朗革命和1990年的伊拉克入侵科威特正是引发这一时期原油价格大幅上升的三次关键事件。进入21世纪后,国际油价变动开始从政治主导指向转变为经济主导指向,传统的出口与进口二元国际市场结构也被石油出口国、老牌与新兴石油进口国的"三足鼎立"格局所取代,从而引发了一场新的市场利益博弈。1965年-2000年期间,全球石油消费需求增长的近70%来自老牌石油进口国。然而自2001年以来,全球石油消费需求增长的95%则自新兴石油进口国。与此同时,老牌石油进口国需求下降国家数量也从2003年不足10个上升至2008年的17个。随着国际石油市场博弈程度和全球经济发展环境的变化,投机行为最终占据了油价机制的主导地位。其结果造成现行油价高出正常油价1~2倍以上,标志着国际油价进入了高风险期。在未来相当长时期内,石油输出国、老牌与新兴石油进口国的市场格局不会发生根本性变化。投机成分主导下的风险机制将使世界油价继续处在一个高风险阶段。所不同者,经历了此次全球金融危机后,石油市场的消费格局将发生相应变化。此种情况下,国际油价很可能呈现一个相对稳定状态。据此得出的判断是:未来国际油价有可能保持在100美元/桶的范围(按2008年价格计算),其价格变幅大体保持在(80~120)美元/桶之间。作为世界上最大的新兴石油进口国,中国应认真对待这一种变化。     

“国际科学书系”与达尔文主义的传播

在本文中我考察了“国际科学书系”作为出版界的一个独特的试验,在它存在的过程中是否传播了达尔文主义关于科学与宗教的关系的观念。赫胥黎、丁铎尔、斯宾塞和尤曼斯是国际科学书系创办之初的关键人物,他们都是进化论的自然主义者,对于科学与宗教的关系共同持有一种复杂的看法。虽然国际科学书系最初是一个致力于传播进化论自然主义的出版项目,但我将论证,到19世纪80年代初,当该系列最初的创办者们丧失对它的控制时,一条新的路线方针被建立起来。     

Acculturation and psychosocial adjustment of Chinese international students: Examining mediation and moderation effects

This study examined mechanisms through which acculturation influenced psychosocial adjustment of Chinese international students. Specifically, these mechanisms refer to the mediating and moderating effects of social interaction and social connectedness with host nationals upon the acculturation–adjustment linkages. Chinese international students from four universities in Texas responded to a web-based survey (N = 508). Results from regression analyses showed social connectedness with Americans mediated the links between adherence to the host culture (acculturation dimension) and psychosocial adjustment (i.e., depression and sociocultural adjustment difficulties). Social interaction with Americans moderated the association between adherence to the home culture (acculturation dimension) and depression. We discussed implications for theory and health promotion practice, and presented directions for future research.     

A review of the acculturation experiences of international students

Universities in Western countries host a substantial number of international students. These students bring a range of benefits to the host country and in return the students gain higher education. However, the choice to study overseas in Western countries may present many challenges for the international student including the experience of acculturative stress and difficulties with adjustment to the environment of the host country. The present paper provides a review of current acculturation models as applied to international students. Given that these models have typically been empirically tested on migrant and refugee populations only, the review aims to determine the extent to which these models characterise the acculturation experience of international students. Literature pertaining to salient variables from acculturation models was explored including acculturative stressors encountered frequently by international students (e.g., language barriers, educational difficulties, loneliness, discrimination, and practical problems associated with changing environments). Further discussed was the subsequent impact of social support and coping strategies on acculturative stress experienced by international students, and the psychological and sociocultural adaptation of this student group. This review found that the international student literature provides support for some aspects of the acculturation models discussed; however, further investigation of these models is needed to determine their accuracy in describing the acculturation of international students. Additionally, prominent acculturation models portray the host society as an important factor influencing international students’ acculturation, which suggests the need for future intervention.     

An analysis of friendship networks, social connectedness, homesickness, and satisfaction levels of international students

International students continue to grow in number worldwide, prompting researchers to look for ways to make the study abroad experience more fruitful. One avenue of research has focused on friendship formation, the significant role it plays in the study abroad experience, and the unique friendship combinations made possible by the study abroad experience. International students form friendships with individuals from their own country, from other countries, and from the host country. Research has found that international students often have more friends from their home country; however, research has also demonstrated a relationship between having more host country friends and satisfaction, contentment, decreased homesickness, and social connectedness. The current study looks to further explore these relationships through a social network lens by examining friendship network ratios, strength, and variability of the three friendship groups. A friendship network grid was developed to assess where international students’ friends are from and how strong those friendships are. Eighty four international students completed a survey examining the relationship between friendship networks, social connectedness, homesickness, contentment, and satisfaction. Contrary to prior research, international students did not report having a higher ratio of individuals from their home country in their friendship networks. However, international students with a higher ratio of individuals from the host country in their network claimed to be more satisfied, content, and less homesick. Furthermore, participants who reported more friendship variability with host country individuals described themselves as more satisfied, content, and more socially connected. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

Forty years of the International Journal of Information Management: A bibliometric analysis

In 2019, the International Journal of Information Management (IJIM) celebrated its 40th year of publication. This study commemorates this event by presenting a retrospect of the journal. Using a range of bibliometric tools, we find that the journal has grown impressively in terms of publication and citation. The contributions come from all over the world, but the majority are from Europe and the United States. The journal has mostly published empirical articles, with its authors dominantly using quantitative methodology. Further, the culture of collaboration has increased among authors over the years. The journal publishes on a number of including managing information systems, information technologies and their application in business, technology acceptance among consumers, using information systems for decision making, social perspectives on knowledge management, and information research from the social science perspective. Regression analysis reveals that article attributes such as article order, methodology, presence of authors from Europe, number of references, number of keywords, and abstract length have a significant association with the citations. Finally, we find that conceptual and review articles have a positive association with citations.     

角色扮演法在国际贸易课程中的应用研究

＂行为导向＂一词最早出现于20世纪80年代,它是世界职业教育教学理论发展过程中的一种新思潮。角色扮演法是行为导向教学法中最具代表性的教学方法之一,它强调通过模拟实景,让学生身临其境地参与到教学过程中,通过自己的实践或行动来培养和提高职业能力。国际贸易作为中职学校商贸类专业的必修课程之一,通过引入角色扮演法使学生充分发挥其形象思维的优势,将复杂的国际贸易过程、国际贸易关系变得更加直观,从很大程度上降低了课程的难度,提高了学生的学习效率。